Double skin composite construction for submerged tube tunnels

Directorate-General For Research And Innovation European Commission

Sujets

• Sciences et techniques

Informations

• Publié par: DIRECTORATE-GENERAL-FOR-RESEARCH-AND-INNOVATION-EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 45
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

EURO PEAN
COMMISSION
SCIENCE
RESEARCH
DEVELOPMENT
technical steel research
Properties and in-service performance
Double skin composite
construction
for submerged
tube tunnels
Phase 3
hi
Report
EUR 18624 EN STEEL RESEARCH EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Edith CRESSON, Member of the Commission
responsible for research, innovation, education, training and youth
DG XII/C.2 — RTD actions: Industrial and materials technologies —
Materials and steel
Contact: Mr H. J.-L. Martin
Address: European Commission, rue de la Loi 200 (MO 75 1/10),
B-1049 Brussels — Tel. [phone]; fax [phone] European Commission
technical steel research
Properties and in-service performance
Double skin composite construction
for submerged tube tunnels
Phase 3
B. Burgan
The Steel Construction Institute
Silwood Park
Ascot
Berkshire SL5 7QN
United Kingdom.
Contract No 7210-SA/827
1 October 1990 to 30 June 1997
Final report
Directorate-General
Science, Research and Development
1998 EUR 18624 EN LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission
is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information.
A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).
Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1998
ISBN 92-828-5154-0
© European Communities, 1998
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Printed in Luxembourg
PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This is the final report of the Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Construction project, ECSC
contract no. 7210-SA/827. This project, which commenced in October 1990 and was
completed in June 1997, comprised three phases:
• Phase 1: Failure tests on SCS beams, columns, radiuses, T-junction and complete
tunnel cross-section specimens. The results from these tests were used to produce the
"Design Guide for Steel-Concrete-Steel Sandwich Construction; Volume 1".
• Phase 2: The development and write up of the technical report "Application
Guidelines for SCS Construction; Immersed Tube Tunnels"
• Phase 3: Fatigue tests on nine SCS beams, conducted at the University of Cardiff,
leading to the development of interim fatigue design recommendations.
In addition to the above publications, several technical papers on SCS have been presented at
major international conferences and published in several British Engineering journals and
magazines.
Further research work on SCS is being carried out by the SCI and British Steel into the
structural behaviour and construction techniques of SCS which will extend further the ECSC
funded research.
RESUME
Celui-ci est le rapport définitif du projet 'Steel-Concrete-Steel (SCS) Sandwich Construction',
pour le contrat 7210-SA/827 avec le ECSC. Ce projet, qui avait commencé en Octobre 1990
et qui s'est terminé en juin 1997, est composé de trois phases:
• lèrc Phase: Essais de rupture sur les poutres, colonnes, coins, jointure "F, et tranches
de tunnel. Les résultats de ces essais étaient utilisé comme base pour le guide de
dimensionnement 'Design Guide for Steel-concrete-Steel Sandwich construction -
Volume 1: General Principles and Rules for Basic Elements', qui donne les principes
général et règles de base.
• 2ème Phase: Le développement du rapport technique 'Application Guidelines for Steel-
Concrete-Steel Sandwich construction -1: Immersed Tube Tunnels', qui s'occupe de
l'application de la technique SCS pour les tunnels.
• 3*™ Phase: Essais de fatigue sur neuf poutres SCS, qui étaient achevés a l'université
de Cardiff, et qui étaient utilisés pour le développement des recommandations
intermédiaires de dimensionnement pour la fatigue.
En plus de ces publications, plusieurs articles techniques SCS ont été présentés aux conférences
internationaux, et ont été publiés dans les journaux techniques Anglais. Le SCI et le British Steel continuent à travailler dans cette domaine, en étudiant le
comportement structural et les techniques de construction pour le système SCS. Ceci
augmentera la recherche payée par le ECSC.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Dies ist der Abschlußbericht für das Projekt Stahl-Beton-Stahl (SCS) Sandwich Bauweise,
EGKS Vertragsnr. 7210-SA/827. Dieses Projekt, welches im Oktober 1990 begann und im
Juni 1997 beendet wurde, umfaßt drei Phasen:
• Phase 1: Versuche mit SCS-Trägem, -stützen, gekrümmten Bauteilen, T-
Verbindungen und kompletten Versuchskörpem als Tunnelquerschnitt. Die
Ergebnisse dieser Versuche wurden benutzt, um den "Leitfaden zur Berechnung von
Stahl-Beton-Stahl Sandwich Elementen, Teil 1: Allgemeine Regeln für
Grundelemente" zu erstellen.
Phase 2: Die Entwicklung und Niederschrift des Technischen Berichts "Leitfaden zur
Verwendung der Stahl-Beton-Stahl Sandwich Bauweise - 1 : Tunnelbauten".
• Phase 3: Dauerfestigkeits-Versuche mit neun SCS-Trägern an der Universität von
Cardiff, die zur Entwicklung von vorläufigen Berechnungsempfehlungen führten.
Zusätzlich zu den o.g. Publikationen wurden mehrere Dokumente auf wichtigen
internationalen Konferenzen vorgestellt und in mehreren britischen Ingenieurzeitschriften und
-magazinen veröffentlicht.
Weitere Forschungsarbeit zur SCS-Bauweise wird vom SCI und British Steel hinsichtlich
Tragverhalten und Konslruktionstechniken durchgeführt und trägt dazu bei, die von der EGKS
geförderte Forschung weiter auszubauen. CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 7
2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT 8
3 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK CARRIED OUT AT CARDIFF 9
4 PHASE 1 10
4.1 Cardiff tests
4.2 Volume of SCS guide; general principles 24
5 PHASE 2; APPLICATION GUIDELINES FOR SCS CONSTRUCTION
(IMMERSED TUBE TUNNELS) 25
6 PHASE 36
6.1 Cardiff fatigue tests
6.2 Interime design recommendations9
7 CONCLUSION 3
8 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS7
9 REFERENCES8
DELIVERABLES
APPENDIX A DESIGN GUIDE FOR STEEL-CONCRETE-STEEL SANDWICH
CONSTRUCTION. VOLUME 1: GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND
RULES FOR BASIC ELEMENTS 39
APPLICATION GUIDELINES FOR STEEL-CONCRETE-STEEL APPENDIX Β
SANDWICH CONSTRUCTION: IMMERSED TUBE TUNNELS 11
FINAL REPORT ON FATIGUE OFL 183 APPENDLX C
SANDWICH CONSTRUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION
During the initial design stages of the Conwy river crossing project in North Wales, two firms
of British consulting engineers, Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners and the Tomlinson
Partnership, considered an alternative form of construction for immersed tube tunnel; Steel-
Concrete-Steel Sandwich construction (SCS). This form of construction, consisting of two
layers of relatively thin steel plate, connected to a concrete infill by welded stud connectors
combines the advantages of both steel shell and reinforced concrete construction.
After initial tests on small scale SCS elements were carried out at the laboratories of the
University of Wales Cardiff, the ECSC were approached for further funding towards a more
comprehensive test programme. This bid was successful and the SCS project (ECSC
no.7210/SA827) commenced in 1990. The project, conducted over an eight year period, was
divided into three phases with each phase concentrating on one of the following aspect of SCS;
• structural behaviour
• use of SCS for immersed tube tunnel construction
• fatigue
Deliverables in the form of design guides and detailed technical reports were produced at the
end of each of the three phases. This report summarises the work carried out over the eight
year period. This includes the tests carried out in the three phases, the results, the analysis and
the deliverables. 2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT
After the conception of SCS during the Conwy river crossing project in 1985, an initial test
programme was carried out on scale model SCS elements comprising beams, columns and
beam-columns. The aim of the tests was to understand the structural behaviour of SCS (see
section 3) and identify the failure modes associated with this composite system.
After a successful bid for further funding from the ECSC in 1990, the first of three phases that
were to make up the SCS project was conducted. This comprised tests, carried out at
University of Wales Cardiff, on thirteen beams (four of which were fatigue loaded), three
columns, four radius specimens, six 'T'-junctions and a complete SCS tunnel cross-section.
Fabrication details, test procedures and results of all these tests are given in section 4. As a
direct result of the phase 1 tests, a publication entitled "Design Guide for Steel-Concrete-Steel
Sandwich Construction" was produced. This gave general principles and rules for the design
of basic elements such as beams, columns and beam-columns. The document was written in
Eurocode format, employing