Cours 6 [Mode de compatibilité]

Sandra Poncet

Description

Economie de la Chine17 mars Réformes rurales et urbainesSandra PoncetEmail: [e-mail]1Introduction on rural reformsEiExperimental reforms were llhaunchedd in nearlly every sector off the economy. However,, it was in the countrysideethat reforms succeeded first, and it was the dramatic success of rural reforms that cleared the way for continuing and progressively more profound change;Having agricultural reform precede industrial reform proved to be a great boon to the Chinese reform drive‐tremendous momentum for industrial reform‐changed the terms of political debate in ChinaSuccess of reforms in agriculture is only half the story:‐Freedom ofof labor allocation induced a sharp increase ofof labor input into nongrain crops and nonagricultural businesses. ‐Rapid rise and then fall of Rural Collective Enterprises234Source: Park (2005)Lecture OutlineIntroductionI‐Rural ReformsA. 1978 Agricultural ReformsB. The household responsibility system: features and consequencesCC. TTiransitition to a marktket economy iin rural ChiChinaIIII‐What CanCan Explain the RiseRise & Fall of China’s Towwnnship and Village EnterprisesA. Features of TVEsB. Explanations for TVE SuccessC. Explanations for TVE DeclineConclusion5I-Rural ReformsA. 1978 Agricultural Reforms1. Diversification –rural economy (end of “grain first”)2. Product Specialization / Crop Selection based on comparative advantage33. EEixpansion –ffree markktets4 ...

Informations

• Publié par: Nasheg
• Nombre de lectures: 55
• Langue: Español

Extrait

Economie de la Chine

17 mars Réformes rurales et urbaines

Sandra Poncet Email:sanopcnrd.ain-vteu@

aris1.fr

1

Introduction on rural reforms

xper menta re orms were aunc e n near y every sector o t e  economy.   H r   i    in   h    in rh    rmr f    fir   n   i   was   the   dramatic   success   of   rural   reforms   that   cleared   the   way   for   continuing   and   evisylorpserg   more   profound   change;

Having agricultural reform precede industrial reform proved to be a  great   boon   to   the   Chinese   reform   drive ‐tremendous   momentum   for   industrial   reform ‐changed   the   terms   of   political   debate   in   China

Success of reforms in agriculture is only half the story:           ‐ input   into   nongrain   crops   and   nnogaircultural   businesses.   ‐Rapid   rise   and   then   fall   of   Rural   Collective   Enterprises

2

 

Source: Park (2005)

4

Lecture Outline

I‐Rural Reforms A.   1978   Agricultural   Reforms B.   The   household   reonspisibilyt   system:   features   and   cneuqesnsceo .   rans on   o   a   mar e   economy   n   rura   na

      ‐ Enterprises A.   Features   of   TVEs B.   Explanations   for   TVE   Success C.   alpxEnations   for   TVE   Decline

Conclusion

 

 

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5

 

I-Rural Reforms A. 1978 A ricultural Reforms

1. nsreviDoitacifi  rural economy (end of grain first) 2.   Product   pSaiceazilnoit   /   Crop   Selection   based   on   comparative   advantage .   xpans on    ree    smar e 4.   Rise   in   procurement   prices

3 rd Plenary Session of 11 th Central Committee of Communist Party of  China   12/78   Decisions   of   the   Central   Committee   of   the   Communist   ar y   o   na   on   ome   ues ons   oncern ng   e   cce era on   o   Agricultural   Development   (Draft).   Promulgated   following   September   at   4 th Plenary   Session

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   

Recall: Contributions of Agriculture to Industrial Development

Hi h farm incomes create demand for sim le consumer oods Expanding   farm   production   creates   demand   for   production   inputs   (e.g.,   fertilizer,   tractors,   etc.) Rural   savings   finances   industrial   investment Cheap   food   reduces   real   wages  

our enum  yac ua pro e  uraagr cu  on zaeco ec v  to   the   household   level.  

Yet at that time dnizivioatolecctle was already happening on a  large   scale   in   Anhui   Province.  

7

1978 Anhui Experiment with the Household Responsibility System

County

Chuxian Quanjiao Laian Jiashan

Percent Increase in Grain Pro uction County   as   a   Whole Teams   using   HRS 12.5 35.7                      12.4 35.7 0.7 37.1 0.3 31.0

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I-Rural Reforms B. Household responsibility system: features and consequences

HRS

transferred ,

decision-making ,

power

from

collective .

production

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units

I-Rural Reforms B. Household responsibility system: features and consequences By t e en o 1982 more t an 90% o C na’s agr cu tura ouse o had returned to some form of household farming. er age   o   ro uc on   eams   n   100

90

80

60

40

20

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Jan-80

Dec-80

Jul-81

Oct-81

na w 

End 83

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I-Rural Reforms B. Household responsibility system: features and

Increases n output ue to agricultural labor and land

ramat c mprovements (despite real land rights)

consequences

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