Taxation, its principles and methods;

Luigi Cossa

Sujets

• Pennsylvania
• Imposition (fiscalité)
• Finance
• Bibliography

Informations

• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 7
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

Extrait

ITAXAT O
PRINCIPLES AND METHODSITS
TRANSLATED FROM THE
DELLE FINANZE""SCIENZA
OF
DR. LUIGI COSSA
IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ITALYPROFESSOR PAVIA,
ANDWITH AN INTRODUCTION NOTES
BY
HORACE WHITE
TOGETHER WITH A COMPILATION OF THE STATE TAX SYSTEMS
OF NEW YORK AND PENNSYLVANIA
7 -r]
NEW YORK & LONDON
ifii
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS
Jinickerboehei&|je $****
1896COPYRIGHT, 1888,
Bv HORACE WHITE.INTRODUCTION.
sent me aof this treatiseTHE author kindly copy
interestedof it in the 1882. I had becomeyear
" Guide to the ofin his hiswork, Studythrough
to readersPolitical introduced EnglishEconomy,"
hadthe late Professor I,by Jevons. accordingly,
Scienza delle Finanze made fora translation theof
own but without fixed intention ofuse,my any
it. The admirable andpublishing brevity compre-
hensiveness of Professor Cossa's statement of the
of and the thrown on thetaxation,principles light
evolution of the science of and thefinance,public
want of short treatise of similar in theany scope
led me to believe that it wouldEnglish language,
find an audience in this Butappreciative country.
the time did not then to be favorable.appear
the three or four there hasDuring past years
been a marked revival of interest in economic dis-
as is showncussion, the number of new worksby
American writers that have come from theby
in that and the formation andinterval,press by
of two economic so-regular meetings distinctively
cieties. the that Po-Notwithstanding shaking up
litical has received in recent whichEconomy years,IV INTRODUCTION.
think has reduced the whole sciencesome people
to it is certain that it never had sochaos, many
and votaries in thisactive, intelligent persevering
as now. Even those who consider thecountry
science a chaos talk and write asalways though
a firmthere were considerable and founda-pretty
tion to build on.
that are aIt is theevident, too, public taking
interest than in the sub-more general formerly
in all its aof taxation bearings. Hardly yearject
that some State Tax Commission is notpasses
on the of local whilerevenue,working problems
the of national or werevenue,question perhaps
better is the ab-non-revenue,saymight
one insorbing Washington City.
This work does not deal with customs duties
in their fiscal The be-except aspect. dispute
tween and free trade is not touchedprotection
since the aim of is not toupon, protection pro-
vide means for the of butsupport government,
different. The science of thesomething quite
finances does not deal with which incident-things
affect the Arevenue. season doally dry may
but and wetness are not financialthat, dryness
considerations. While the tariff as itquestion,
is not touched theitself,popularly presents upon,
effects of taxes on different classesimports, upon
in the are made clear.community, sufficiently
A few notes have been added to the text inTROD TSOM VIN UC
local and local interestorder to applicationgive
abstract stated. For the sameto the principles
there has been added anreason appendix, giving
in as brief form as the State tax systemspossible
of New York and as stand to-theyPennsylvania
A of the tax of all thesystemsday. compilation
other States would be and valuable,interesting
but I would not advise to undertake theanybody
he has a dealtask unless ofgreat unemployed
time to of.dispose
A two-fold evolution is now on in Stategoing
There is a movement in the firsttaxation. place
real estate from the list of Stateto taxables,drop
and to remit it to the lesser sub-wholly political
the towns and counties. Theredivisions, cities,
is also a movement to discontinue the toattempt
tax at interest and the like,floating capital, money
and to look to those which canonly things always
be found and which cannot for theget away,
revenue of the State ledproper. Pennsylvania
the in real estate from State tax-way releasing
ation. That State also led the inway adopting
rulesscientific for the taxation of corporations,
isthe still far fromalthough system perfect.
Further information will be found in the note
on Taxation of Corporations.
the current has runAlthough always strongly
in this in favor of the taxation of movablecountry
and even affords a favoritepersonal property, yetVI INTRODUCTION.
I amtheme for convinced thatdeclamation,windy
tax will butthat particular slowly surely disap-
of New YorkThe State scarcely pretendspear.
collect theto tax,personal property although
laws its collection. Other Statesher require
that to collect it meet with little betterpretend
do cause a deal ofsuccess, although they great
false and hard The latestswearing feeling.
that canofficial on this be calledsubjectreport
that submitted Dr.is R. T.bycomprehensive
Tax Commission. Whatof theEly, Maryland
finds what he about the taxation ofhe and says
coincides with the views ofpersonal property
all the accredited teachers of fiscal . sciencenearly
in this It is true that Dr. col-country. Ely's
on the Tax Commission do notleagues Maryland
with him on this In the firstagree point. place,
the Constitution of the State of re-Maryland
that all shall be taxedquires property equally.
But if it were the of the Com-otherwise, majority
mission would still be in favor of movabletaxing
But are in favor of ex-personal property. they
from thistaxation,empting mortgages although
is almost the form of thatonly floating capital
be andcan identified located withoutalways any
of error.chance
The of this Commission came to handreport
after the of this work had tobody gone press.
There was little toaccordingly very opportunity