Terminological knowledge in multilingual language processing

Directorate-General For Translation European Commission

Description

Information technology and telecommunications
Information - Documentation

Sujets

• Information processing
• Linguistics
• Machine translation
• Programming language
• Terminology

Informations

• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION
• Nombre de lectures: 7
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

^TUDIES IN MACHINE TRANSLATION
AND NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Volume 5
TERMINOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN
MULTILINGUAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Jörg SCHÜTZ
mission Studies in machine translation
and natural language processing
Published by:
Office for Official Publications
of the European Communities Managing editor
Erwin Valentini
(European Commission, Luxembourg)
Editorial board
Doug Arnold
(Department of Language and Linguistics, United Kingdom)
Nicoletta Calzolari
(Istituto di Linguistica Computazionale, Italia)
Frank Van Eynde
(Nationaal Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, België)
Steven Krauwer
(Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht, Nederland)
Bente Maegaard
(Center for Sprogteknologi, Danmark)
Paul Schmidt
(Institut für Angewandte Informationsforschung, Deutschland)
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1994
ISSN 1017-6568
© ECSC-EC-EAEC, Brussels · Luxembourg, 1994
Printed in Germany Volume 5
Terminological knowledge in
multilingual language processing
Jörg Schütz
European Commission Contents
Foreword vii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Situated Machine Translation 2
1.2 Terminology and Computational Linguistics 3
1.3 Research Method and Major Results 4
1.3.1 Motivation of Research 5
1.3.2 Outline of Research Method 6
1.3.3 Major Results 8
1.4 Implementation Overview 9
1.4.1 Domain Model and Interface to Linguistics
1.4.2 Architecture Outline 11
1.5 Limitations
1.6 Guide to remaining Chapters3
Acknowledgements5
2 Basic Foundations7
2.1 Basics in Terminology
2.1.1 Structuring Domain and Real World Knowledge 18
2.1.2 Concepts 21
2.1.3 Relationships2
2.1.4 Definitions3
2.2 Terminological Repositories4
2.2.1 Term Banks
2.2.2 Towards Terminological Knowledge Bases 26
2.2.2.1 Knowledge Representation and NLP
2.2.2.2 Types of Ontologies7 Studies in MT and NLP, Volume 5
2.2.2.3 Performance Control in NLP 29
2.2.2.4 Concept Based Translation 30
3 Domain Analysis and Domain Modelling3
3.1 Knowledge Acquisition 3
3.1.1 Knowledge Sources4
3.1.1.1 The Domain
3.1.1.2 Terminological Source of the Domain 35
3.1.1.3 The Sublanguage of the Domain8
3.1.2 Conceptual Analysis of the Domain 4
3.1.2.1 Representation Formalism
3.1.2.2 Ambiguity Resolution
3.1.2.3 Inheritance and Phrasal Formation
3.1.2.4 Phraseme Recognition8
3.2 Domain Modelling 49
3.2.1 Domain Ontology
3.2.2 Conceptual Templates
3.3 Summary 51
4 The ALEP Framework3
4.1 The Rational Background of ALEP 5
4.2 Type System Specifications4
4.2.1 Primitive Types5
4.2.2 Structured Types8
4.2.3 Type Hierarchy
4.3 Defaults9
4.4 Macros 60
4.5 Structures and Rules1
4.5.1 Phrase Structure Rules
4.5.2 Lexical entries2
4.5.3 Transfer Rules
4.6 Procedural Issues3
4.6.1 Parsing and Generation
4.6.2 Rule Head Declarations4
4.6.3 Specifiers 6Terminological Knowledge in Multilingual Language Processing Hi
4.6.4 Key Declarations 65
5 Demonstrator Implementation7
5.1 Implementation Overview
5.2 General Architecture8
5.3 ALEP Specifications9
5.3.1 Type and Sort System
5.3.2 Grammar and Lexicon for Parsing 6
5.3.2.1 Parsing Grammar
5.3.2.2g Lexicon 73
5.3.3 Lexicon for Refinement
5.3.3.1 Semantic Reading Distinctions
5.3.3.2 Conceptual Readings4
5.3.4 Results7
5.3.5 Transfer Relations8
5.3.6 Synthesis 81
5.4 Extended Example
5.4.1 TERM-MT Parsing2
5.4.2T Refinement
6 Related Work 9
6.1 Knowledge-Based Machine Translation 9
6.2 The Project COGNITERM4
6.2.1 Description of CODE
6.2.2 Terminology Handling in COGNITERM
6.3 Other Approaches7
6.4 Comparison of the Approaches 99
7 Beyond TERM-MT 101
7.1 Main Points of this Work
7.2 Extensibility of this Approach2
7.3 Current Directions
A Demo Text5
A.l English Version
A.2 German Version6 Studies in MT and NLP, Volume 5
Β Type and Sort Systems 109
Bibliography 115