The French "inchoative" suffix -iss and the French -ir conjugation in Middle English ..

John Manning Booker

Sujets

• English language
• Middle English
• French language
• English literature

Informations

• Publié par: les_archives_du_savoir
• Nombre de lectures: 13
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 10 Mo

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UC-NRLF
7b2lib$BNOV 10 1913
HE FRENCH"INCHOATIVE" SUFFIX ^iss
THEAND FRENCH -ir CONJUGATION
IN MIDDLE ENGLISH.
INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION
ZUR
DERJERIANGUNG PHILOSOPHISCHEN DOKTORWtJRDE
DER
HOHEN PHILOSOPHISCHEN FAKULTAT
DER
KUPEECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAT ZU HEIDELBERG
VORGELEGT VON
JOHN MANNING BOOKER
AUS BALTIMORE, U.S.A.
Heidelberg 1912.
CARL WINTERS UNIVERSITATSBUCHHANDLUNG.TO
MY FATHER
WILLIAM DAVID BOOKER
273647Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2007 with funding from
IVIicrosoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/frenGhinchoativeOObookrichPreface,
was collected from monumentsThe material for this work
attempt to determinethe summer of 1907. Thepublished before
different monuments likewise rests uponthe dialects of the
the time mentioned.publications which appeared before
the bibliography.results of this attempt are contained inThe
explanation as to their arrangement is necessary.A word of
Monuments gives the followingThe Bibliography of English
in which a monumentinformation : first, the names of the MSS.
the titles of those editions of the MSS.is preserved and
investigation ; secondly, the date andthat have been used in this
English MSS.dialect of the original version. The Bibliography of
gives the dates of the different MSS. and the dialects of their
of course, is only as complete as Iscribes. This information,
Its purpose herecould make it; it leaves much to be desired.
is to furnish the reader with a means of checking my arrange-
ment of the material according to dialects. Such a check is of
handled here has provedthe first importance, as the problem
purposeto be entirely a dialectical one. It is in accord with the
stated that the various dialects proposed for a monument or a
are given in detail and the authorities are cited, while theMS.
To savevarious dates proposed for the same are not so given.
of allspace, the dates in the bibliography include the proposals
— rarelythe authorities in each instance, while the differencesVI Preface.
more than half a century, generally less, and never affecting the
—issue of the problem treated here are left unrecorded. This
bibliography is an abridgement ; the original will ^)appear shortly.
I am happy to close this preface with an acknowledgement
of my obligations. From Professors Armstrong, Bloomfield, and
Collitz, of the Johns Hopkins University, this work has received
many hints and corrections in Chapter I. To Professor R L.
Ramsay of the University of Missouri, it owes a very timely
encouragement. The chief debt is due to Professor Bright of
John Hopkins, and to Professor Hoops of Heidelberg. Professor
Bright suggested the subject of the investigation.
—Hoops in addition to his solutions which areof problems,
acknowledged where they occur, and his suggestion of methods
for testing —the results of Chapter III contributed many most
valuable hints in regard to the form and arrangement of the
work, and the example of a tireless and self-sacrificing patience
in the revision of it.
Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
December 1911.
John Manning Booker.
^) Dialects, and SourcesA Middle English Bibliography: Dates, of
Manuscripts exclusivethe XII, XIII, and XIV Century Monuments and
in thethe Works Wyclif, Gower, and Chaucer and the Documentsof of
cents.London Dialect. Heidelberg, Carl Winter 45Contents.
Page
Preface Ill
Bibliography of Authorities Consulted VII
of French Monuments IX of English X
Bibliography of MSS XXXVII
Introduction 1
Part First.
The French Inchoative Suffix -iss in Middle English . . 4
History -of the SuffixI. Previous 4
1. The Idg. suffix -sTco or -sUho 4
2. The -sk suffix in the Romance Languages 5
II. The French Suffix -iss in England 6
Statement the Problem1. of 6
2. Previous Explanations 7
in. The Writings of the French Suffix -iss in the M. E. Dialects 11
1. The -iss Zones 11
'2. The -ish 16
3. Border-Zones 24
4. Summary 27
IV. Phonetic Value of the Writing -iss 28
1. The North 28
2. Gloucestershire 38
3. Kent 43
4. Summary 49
V. The Suffix -ise, -ize (voiced s) 51VIII Contents.
Page-
Origin of the English Forms of the FrenchVI, Inchoative Suffix b'S
Phonetic Development the French1. of Suffix in France:
-isk -iskx' -istx' -istsy -issyiss is 53-> > > y
2. Francian -iss as the Basis of the English -i§, N. Engl, -is
(Theory of ten Brink and Behrensl 54
3. Heuser's Theory of an Intermediate Stage sz (sts) ... 56«
4. 0. F. -iskx' or -istx' as the Basis of Engl, -is, N. Engl, -is 57
5. Norm.-Pic. -iss as the Basis of South Engl, N.-is, Engl, -is 58*
Summary6. 63^
7. Conclusion 63-
Appendix I ; Other Instances ofFrench -is becoming -is inEnglish 64 II : Chaucer's Voiceless s Form {ice) of the Inchoative
Suffix 71
Part Second.
Conjugation in Middle English 73^The French -ir
I. French "Simple" and "Extended" Verbs in Middle English 73
1. Simple Verbs 74
2. Extended Verbs 77
8. Verbs having both Simple and Extended Forms ... 87
Conclusion 92;4.
Analogies 93II.
Derivatives that take the Suffix 931. -ir -ize, -ise
2. -er that take the -ish 94
3. Verbs that change the Stem-Ending to -ish by Analogy
95-to the Suffix-Ending of Extended Verbs
Ext. Verbs formed on Engl. Verbs and Substantives . . 96»4.
Appendix: French Originals, Simple or Extended? 96
98Word Register
IIQLife