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Publié par | gottfried_wilhelm_leibniz_universitat_hannover |
Publié le | 01 janvier 2011 |
Nombre de lectures | 20 |
Langue | English |
Poids de l'ouvrage | 15 Mo |
Extrait
e role of HTh AX1 in neutrophil
homeostasis
Von der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
der Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
zur Erlangung des Grades
Doktor der Naturwissenschaften
Dr.rer.nat.
genehmigte Dissertation
Von
Master of Science Giridharan Appaswamy
geboren am 07. Oktober 1980 in Nagercoil, Indien
Hannover
2010
Referee 1 : Prof. Dr. Rita Gera -‐Schahn
Institute for Cellular Chemistr y
Haover M
Ca -‐Neu -‐. 1Str
D-‐30625 Ha
Germany
Referee 2 : Prof. Dr. Christh K
Department of Pediatric eHmatology and Oncology
Haover M
Ca -‐Neu -‐. 1Str
D-‐30625 Ha
Germany
Referee 3 : Prof. Dr. Has Joerg Ja ,
Departmet of Plan tG
Gottfried Wilhelm L ity univers
Herrenser r. 2
30419 Ha
Germany
thTag der promotion : 19 Octo 2rbe 010
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Dedicated to my hero, my DAD .
Erklärung zur Dissertatio:n Hierdurch erkläre ich, dass iichn eme Dissertation mit
dem Tite “lThe role of HAX1 in neutrophil homeselostbastsindig s“ verfasst und die
benutzten Hilfsmittel und Quellen sowie gegebenenfalls die zu Hilfeleistungen
herangezogenen Institutionen vol g angegeben habe.lstndi
Die Dissertation wurde nicht schon als Masterarbeit, Diplomarbeit oder andere
Prüfungsarbeit verwendet
Giridharan Appaswamy
2
ä
äContents
1. Itroducn tion ................................................................ 8
1.1 Clinical disea se... 8
1.1.1 Neutropeni a.................................................... 8
1.2 APOPTOSIS ........ 11
1.2.1 Mitochondria in apopt ................................osis..................... 13
1.2.2 B-‐c2 l proteins .............................................. 15
1.2.3 Caspases ......................... 16
1.2.4 Inhibitor of apoptosis prote ................................ins ............................................ 17
1.2.5 Endoplasmic reticulum in apop tosis................................. 17
1.2.6 CHOP ................................................................................................................................ 19
1.2.7 Bi P..... 19
1.3 Autophagy ......................................... 20
1.3.1 Autophagy related g enes........................ 22
1.4 HAX1 ................................................... 24
2. Focus of the current stud ................................y.................................... 25
3. Materials ..... 26
3.1 Antibodi es......................... 27
3.2 Cytokine s........................................................... 27
3.3 Cell culture re agents..... 27
3.4 Chemical s.......................................................... 27
3.5 Enzymes, DNA and protein la ................................dder ......................................................................... 28
3.5 Laboratory equipment s.............................. 29
3.7 Kit ................................s ....................................... 29
3.8 Preparation of buffers meanddia ........................................................................................................... 29
4. Methods ....................................... 30
4.1 Sequence analysis of HAX1 .......... 30
4.2 Cells and cell culture ...................................................... 31
4.2.1 Isolation of neutrophil and PBMCs..... 31
4.2.2 Isolation of CD34+ cells from the bone marrow.......... 31
4.2.3 Culturing of BM derived CD34+ cells 32
4.2.4 In vitro differeatntioni of BM derived CD34+ cells to ne utrophils ....... 32
4.2.5 Culturing of fibroblasts and HEK293T cells................... 33
4.3 Apoptosis assay ............................................................... 33
4.4 Mitochondria membrane potential assay .............................................. 33
4.5 Assay of mitochondrial mass ...................................... 34
4.6 Cytosolic ROS assay ........................ 34
4.7 Protein isolation and western blot analysis .......... 35
4.8 Flow cytometry analysis ............... 35
4.9 Immunofluorescence and light microscopy 36
4.10 RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and Real Time PCR .......................... 36
4.11 Molecular cloning ......................................................... 37
4.11.1 Geneatairon oHAf X1 expression construc ................................ts............... 37
4.11.2 Geneatarion of shRNA constructs targetiHAnX1g. ................................... 39
4.12 Retroviral gene transfer ............................................ 40
4.13 Electron microscopy ................................................... 41
5. Result ................................s......... 42
3
5.1 Identification of mutatHAionsX1 gein nomic DNA ......................................................................... 42
5.2 Bone marrow of HAX1 mutated patients show a phenotype of SCN. ...... 43
5.3 Mutations identifHAieX1d rein sults in complete absence of th ...........................e protein 44.
5.4 Intracytoplasmic localization of H................................AX1 ................................................................. 46
5.5 HAX1 deficient sh ocwe anll s increased rate of apop tosis .......................... 47
5.6 HAX1 deficient cells show a rapiMMPd los (sΔΨ of ) .. 50 m
5.7 HAX1 deficient cells show increased caspa