Transverse mixing of conservative and reactive tracers in porous media [Elektronische Ressource] / vorgelegt von Gabriele Chiogna

User

Informations

• Publié par: eberhard_karls_universitat_tubingen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 2
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

Transverse mixing of conservative and reactive tracers in
porous media









Dissertation
der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
zur Erlangung des Grades eines
Doktors der Naturwissenschaften
(Dr. rer. nat.)






vorgelegt von
Gabriele Chiogna
aus Trento



Tübingen
2010




























Tag der mündlichen Qualifikation: 11.02.2011
Dekan: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Rosenstiel
1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Peter Grathwohl
2. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr.Ing. Olaf. A. Cirpka





To Giorgia























Καλλίαχος, Αἴτια (29-30)



I obeyed him. In fact we sing among those who love the shrill sound
of the cicada, not the bray of donkeys.

Callimachus, Aitia (29-30)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Kurzfassung ................................................................................................................. 1
Abstract ........................................................................................................................ 3
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 5
Enhancement of dilution and transverse reactive mixing in porous media:
experiments and model-based interpretation.................................................... 13
1.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................14
1.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS.........................................................................................15
1.2.1 Experimental set-up .......................................................................................................15
1.2.2 Hydraulic properties......................................................................................................16
1.2.3 Numerical Modeling ......................................................................................................18
1.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................18
1.3.1 Conservative Transport Experiments.............................................................................18
1.3.2 Reactive Experiments.....................................................................................................25
1.4 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................30
REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................33
Transverse mixing of conservative and reactive tracers in porous media:
quantification through the concepts of flux-related and critical dilution
indices .................................................................................................................... 37
2.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................38
2.2 FLUX RELATED DILUTION INDEX FOR CONSERVATIVE TRANSPORT............40
2.3 CRITICAL DILUTION INDEX FOR REACTIVE TRANSPORT..................................42
2.3.1 Reactive transport problem............................................................................................42
2.3.2 Definition and derivation of the critical dilution index .................................................44
2.4 TRANSPORT SIMULATIONS AT DIFFERENT SCALES ...........................................46
2.4.1 Results of conservative transport simulations ...............................................................47
2.4.2 Results of reactive transport simulations.......................................................................49
2.5 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................53
APPENDIX A: Transport of the entropy density .......................................................................55
APPENDIX B: Relationship between flux-related and cross-sectional dilution indices in
homogeneous cases........................................................................................................................55
APPENDIX C: Flux-related dilution index for a line source in homogeneous two-dimensional
domains and analytical expressions for other remarkable cases....................................................56
APPENDIX D: Uniqueness of the critical dilution index in homogeneous media ....................57
REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................61

Evidence of compound-dependent hydrodynamic and mechanical transverse
dispersion by multi-tracer laboratory experiments.......................................... 67
3.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................68
3.2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND...................................................................................69
3.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS.........................................................................................70
3.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................73
REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................79
S1. SUPPORTING INFORMATION: Measurements of transverse dispersion coefficient. ........83
Isotopic fractionation by transverse dispersion: flow-through microcosms and
reactive transport modeling study...................................................................... 91
4.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................92
4.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS.........................................................................................93
4.2.1 Experimental Setup ........................................................................................................93
4.2.2 Conservative transport modeling...................................................................................94
4.2.3 Reactive transport modeling ..........................................................................................96
4.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........................................................................................98
4.3.1 Conservative Transport Experiments.............................................................................98
4.3.2 Reactive Transport Experiments....................................................................................99
4.3.3 Environmental implications and significance..............................................................102
REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................105
S1. SUPPORTING INFORMATION: Experimental setup.........................................................109
S2 SUPPORTING INFORMATION: Calculation of biodegradation.........................................111
Relevance of local compound-specific transverse dispersion for conservative and
reactive mixing in heterogeneous porous media ............................................. 115
5.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................116
5.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT....................................................................................................117
5.2.1 Generation of heterogeneous conductivity fields............................................................118
5.2.2 Governing equations.......................................................................................................119
5.2.3 Solution of reactive transport .........................................................................................121
5.3 MEASURES OF DILUTION IN CONSERVATIVE TRANSPORT...................................123
5.3.1 Effective dispersion coefficient .......................................................................................123
5.3.2 Flux-related effective dispersion coefficient ...................................................................125
5.3.3 Scalar dissipation rate ....................................................................................................127
5.3.4 Flux-related dilution index..............................................................................................128
5.3.5 Discussion of conservative transport results ..................................................................130
5.4 REACTIVE TRANSPORT....................................................................................................131
5.4.1 Length of steady-state reactive plumes ..............................................