Cartographies of Madrid

Description

One of this book's goals is to evaluate the complex ways that Madrid has served as the political, economic, and cultural capital of the Global South from the end of the Franco dictatorship to the present. The other is to examine the city as lived experience, where citizens contest capital's push to shape urban space in its own image through activities of the imagination.

Scholars, investigative journalists, political activists, and a filmmaker combine to document the vast array of Madrid's grassroots movements.

Sujets

• Political Science
• Social movement
• Index of urban studies articles
• World
• European

Informations

• Publié par: Vanderbilt University Press
• Date de parution: 28 mai 2019
• Nombre de lectures: 4
• EAN13: 9780826522160
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 7 Mo

Extrait

Cartographies of Madrid
HISPANIC ISSUES • VOLUME 43
Cartographies of Madrid: Contesting Urban Space at the Crossroads of the Global South and Global North
Silvia Bermúdez and Anthony L. Geist
EDITORS
Vanderbilt University Press
NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE
2019
© 2019 by Vanderbilt University Press
Nashville, Tennessee 37235
All rights reserved
First printing 2019
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Manufactured in the United States of America.
The editors gratefully acknowledge assistance from the College of Liberal Arts and the Department of Spanish and Portuguese Studies at the University of Minnesota and from the Department of Spanish and Portuguese at the University of Iowa.
A complete list of volumes in the Hispanic Issues series follows the index .
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
LC control number 2017060915
LC classification number DP357 C287 2018
Dewey classificatin number 946/.41—dc23
LC record available at lccn.loc.gov/2017060915
ISBN 978-0-8265-2214-6 (hardcover)
ISBN 978-0-8265-2215-3 (paperback)
ISBN 978-0-8265-2216-0 (ebook)
HISPANIC ISSUES
Nicholas Spadaccini, Editor-in-Chief
Luis Martín-Estudillo, Managing Editor
Ana Forcinito, Associate Managing Editor
Megan Corbin, Nelsy Echávez-Solano, and William Viestenz, Associate Editors
Carolina Julia Añón Suárez, Collin Diver, Tim Frye, Heather Mawhiney, N. Ramos Flores, Javier Zapata Clavería, Assistant Editors
*Advisory Board/Editorial Board
Rolena Adorno (Yale University)
Román de la Campa (Unversity of Pennsylvania)
David Castillo (University at Buffalo)
Jaime Concha (University of California, San Diego)
Tom Conley (Harvard University)
William Egginton (Johns Hopkins University)
Brad Epps (University of Cambridge)
David W. Foster (Arizona State University)
Edward Friedman (Vanderbilt University)
Wlad Godzich (University of California, Santa Cruz)
Antonio Gómez L-Quiñones (Dartmouth College)
Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (Stanford University)
*Carol A. Klee (University of Minnesota)
Germán Labrador Méndez (Princeton University)
Eukene Lacarra Lanz (Universidad del País Vasco)
Jorge Lozano (Universidad Complutense de Madrid)
Raúl Marrero-Fente (University of Minnesota)
Kelly McDonough (University of Texas at Austin)
Walter D. Mignolo (Duke University)
*Louise Mirrer (The New-York Historical Society)
Mabel Moraña (Washington University in St. Louis)
Alberto Moreiras (Texas A & M University)
Bradley Nelson (Concordia University, Montreal)
Michael Nerlich (Université Blaise Pascal)
*Francisco Ocampo (University of Minnesota)
Antonio Ramos-Gascón (University of Minnesota)
Jenaro Talens (Universitat de València)
Miguel Tamen (Universidade de Lisboa)
Teresa Vilarós (Texas A & M University)
Iris M. Zavala (Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona)
Santos Zunzunegui (Universidad del País Vasco)
Contents
INTRODUCTION
Madrid as a Capital of the Global South and the Global North: Mapping Competing Cartographies and Spatial Resistance
Silvia Bermúdez and Anthony L. Geist
PART I
Capitalizing on Visual and Literary Cultures, and Challenging Urban Exclusion
1. “ Madriz es mucho Madrid”: The Capital Role of Graphic Arts in Identity Formation
Anthony L. Geist
2. Rebel Cities: Madrid and the Cultural Contestation of Space
Malcolm Alan Compitello
3. Practices of Oppositional Literacy in the 15-M Movement in Madrid
Jonathan Snyder
4. Acabar Madrid : “Future Perfect” Utopianism and the Possibility of Counter-Neoliberal Urbanization in the Spanish Capital
Eli Evans
5. Trash as Theme and Aesthetic in Elvira Navarro’s La trabajadora
Susan Larson
PART II
Sites of Memory
6. Institutional Sites of Remembrance: Monuments and Archives of the 11-M Train Bombings
Jill Robbins
7. The Politics of Public Memory in Madrid Now: From an “Olympic Capital of Impunity” to “Omnia sunt communia?”
Scott Boehm
PART III
Madrid as Lived Experience
8. The Train That Gave Women a Voice
Alicia Luna
9. Madrid Municipal Elections 2015: A Time of Change
Rosa M. Tristán
10. Historical Perspectives: From Madrid as Villa y Corte to After Carmena, What?
Edward Baker
AFTERWORD:
Madrid and the Traps of Exceptionality
Estrella de Diego and Luis Martín-Estudillo
CONTRIBUTORS
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
Madrid as a Capital of the Global South and the Global North: Mapping Competing Cartographies and Spatial Resistance
Silvia Bermúdez and Anthony L. Geist
This volume investigates the ways that capital—political, cultural, and economic—has been both exalted and challenged in Madrid, Spain’s capital city, from the decades preceding the end of the Franco dictatorship (1939–1975) to the present. One of our goals is to evaluate the complex and contradictory ways in which Madrid serves as the political, economic, and cultural capital of the Global South, understood as “a concept-metaphor that reterritorializes global space in the interests of repossession by the dispossessed” (Sparke 117). At the same time, we examine how the city functions as a “northern” metropolis within the circuit of the Global North and its pockets of extreme wealth, neoliberal policies, and the impulse of globally connected financial institutions (Trefzer, Jackson, McKee, and Dellinger 1–15). We also understand the city as lived experience , where urban space is defined by “human beings in constant flux creating places for work and idleness” (Ugarte “Madrid,” 95) and by the argument advanced in Joan Ramon Resina’s reading of Martín Santos’s Tiempo de silencio (1961) that “[i]f Madrid conveys the essence of national life, it does so not through the grandiloquence of power but in the recesses of private life” (74).
It is within these parameters that the lived experience of becoming a madrileño was exalted, and then mocked, in a particularly successful subgenre of Spanish cinema of the 1960s, that of paleto movies, “comedies of backward rural immigrants in the city” (Richardson, Postmodern “Paletos” 21). Madrid as a conflicted lived experience will be at also at the heart of the writings and publications of many of the artists and intellectuals who began to arrive from Equatorial Guinea in the 1960s as well. First in pockets, to either further their education or to become members of the clergy, and then massively in exile, as a result of Francisco Macías Nguema’s brutal dictatorship (1968–1979) immediately after Equatorial Guinea gained independence from Spain on October 12, 1968, and the even more violent regime of his successor, Teodoro Obiang Nguema (1979-present) (see among others; Ndongo-Bidyogo, Historia y tragedia ; Liniger-Goumaz; Bolekia Boleká; Martin-Márquez; Lewis; Ugarte, Africans in Europe ). The arrival of exiled Equatoguineans prefigures that of other 1970s political exiles from South America and those from migrant newcomers from Sub-Saharan Africa since the 1980s (de Vicente 1993). It is in light of these and other migratory developments—from the Maghreb, from the Caribbean, and other parts of the globe later—that we contend that, in the time frame we are evaluating, from the late 1960s to 2017, internal and external migrations transformed Madrid into one of the capitals of the Global South (see, among others, Marcu 2011 for Romanian immigration to Madrid; Cassain 2016 for Argentinean immigration to nation’s capital).
In assessing internal urban migration, paleto movies such as La ciudad no es para mí (The city is not for me, 1965) and Abuelo “made in Spain ” (Grandfather “made in Spain,” 1969), both directed by Pedro Lazaga (1918–1979), underscored that the massive movement from mostly rural areas of Andalusia, Castile, Aragon, and Extremadura to the city was an important factor in the mapping and shaping of Madrid’s cityscapes. The rural-to-urban migrations were driven first by the economic promises of the stabilization plan (1959), followed by further development plans set in motion by the Opus Dei technocrats who began to dominate Franco’s political machine in the last decades of his regime. These plans effectively accelerated industrialization, hastening the integration of the nation into a global economy led by the United States. Three forms of capital—international investments, tourist spending, and remittances from Spaniards working abroad—“poured in during the 1960s and early 1970s” (Richardson, Constructing Spain 9; see also Powell 25). This economic growth during “the years of plenty” (1959–1974) attested to the fact that, in that period, “ Spaniards had not become simply capitalists. Spaniards had become urban ” (Richardson, Constructing Spain 10, our emphasis). Poised at the intersection where “capitalists” and “urban” meet, 1960s and mid-1970s Madrid foreshadows the city’s transformation into a capital of the Global North at the turn of the twenty-first century during massive speculative urbanization. Between 1996 and 2007, for instance, Spanish property prices tripled in comparison to those of the United Kingdom (Knight).
Madrid’s transformation into a capital of the Global South requires con sideration, among other processes discussed later in this Introduction, of the complex historical events connecting Spain to some of its former colonies when, first, exiled Equatoguineans and then thousands of Argentinean and C