Flexible Stones

Anna Stroulia

Description

Understanding the ground stone tools of Greece's famed Franchthi Cave

Despite their ubiquitous presence among prehistoric remains in Greece, ground stone tools have yet to attract the same kind of attention as have other categories of archaeological material, such as pottery or lithics. Flexible Stones provides a detailed analysis of the material discovered during the excavations at Franchthi Cave, Peloponnese, Greece. Approximately 500 tools, the raw material used for their manufacture, as well as the byproducts of such manufacture were found. Most of this collection comes from the Neolithic component of the site—including a small number of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic cases—with a large number of the studied tools indicating multiple uses. Anna Stroulia sees the multifunctional character of these tools as a conscious choice that reflects a flexible attitude of tool makers and users toward tools and raw materials.

Acknowledgments

Chapter One Introduction
Introduction to the site and assemblage
Classification
Describing the material
Why not a ground stone tool stratigraphy?
Tool names
Structure of the study
Abbreviations used in the text

Chapter Two The Pre-Neolithic Material
Introduction
The Palaeolithic period
The Mesolithic period
Lower Mesolithic
Upper Mesolithic
Final Mesolithic
Possible Pre-Neolithic specimens

Chapter Three The Neolithic Material (1)
Introduction to the Neolithic period
Passive tools
Introduction
1. Passive open tools (Popen)
Introduction
Raw material
Aspects of manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
Discussion
2. Passive tools with cavity (Pcav)
3. Passive miscellanea (Pmisc)

Chapter Four The Neolithic Material (2)
Active tools
Introduction
1. Active cutting edge tools (Acut)
Introduction
Raw material
Aspects of manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
Epilogue
2. Active discoidal tools (Adisc)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
3. Active rectangular tools (Arect)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
4. Active square or circular tools (Asquare-circ)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
5. Active tools used with ends (Aend)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
6. Active globular tools (Aglobe)
6.1 Active globular tools with stains (Aglobe-stain)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
6.2 Active globular tools without stains (Aglobe-nostain)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
7. Active miscellanea (Amisc)
Introduction
7.1 Active miscellanea 1 (Amisc-1)
7.2 Active miscellanea 2 (Amisc-2)
Epilogue

Chapter Five Summary and Conclusions
Raw material
Manufacture
Use and discard
Chronological distribution
Spatial Distribution

References
Appendixes
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Figures
Index
Plates (CD-ROM)

Sujets

• History of art
• Archaeology
• Archaeological science
• Anthropology
• Classical
• Art
• Ancient
• History
• Classics

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 30 mars 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253001429
• Langue: English

Extrait

Flexible Stones
Excavations at Franchthi Cave, Greece
Thomas W. Jacobsen, general editor with Karen D. Vitelli
Fascicle 1
Jacobsen, T. W., and W. R. Farrand, with contributions by F. A. Cooper and C. J. Vitaliano. Franchthi Cave and Paralia: Maps, Plans, and Sections
Fascicle 2
van Andel, Tjeerd H., and Susan B. Sutton, with contributions by Julie M. Hansen and Charles J. Vitaliano. Landscape and People of the Franchthi Region
Fascicle 3
Perl s, Catherine. Les Industries lithiques taill es de Franchthi (Argolide, Gr ce), Tome I, Pr sentation g n rale et industries Pal olithiques
Fascicle 4
Shackleton, Judith C. Marine Molluscan Remains from Franchthi Cave . With a report on the Oxygen Isotope Analyses of Marine Molluscs from Franchthi Cave by M. R. Deith and N. J. Shackleton
Fascicle 5
Perl s, Catherine, with the collaboration of Patrick C. Vaughan, Colin Renfrew, and Arnold Aspinall. Les Industries lithiques taill es de Franchthi (Argolide, Gr ce), Tome II, Les Industries du M solithique et du N olithique Initial
Fascicle 6
Wilkinson, T. J., and Susan T. Duhon, with contributions by John A. Gifford and Sytze Bottema. Franchthi Paralia: The Sediments, Stratigraphy, and Offshore Investigations
Fascicle 7
Hansen, Julie M. The Palaeoethnobotany of Franchthi Cave
Fascicle 8
Vitelli, Karen D. Franchthi Neolithic Pottery, Volume 1, Classification and Ceramic Phases 1 and 2
Fascicle 9
Talalay, Lauren E. Deities, Dolls, and Devices: Neolithic Figurines from Franchthi Cave, Greece
Fascicle 10
Vitelli, Karen D. Franchthi Neolithic Pottery, Volume 2, The Later Neolithic Ceramic Phases 3 to 5 . With a contribution on the Post-Neolithic Remains by James A. Dengate
Fascicle 12
Farrand, William R. Depositional History of Franchthi Cave: Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, and Chronology . With a report on the Background of the Franchthi Project by Thomas W. Jacobsen
Fascicle 13
Perl s, Catherine. Les Industries lithiques taill es de Franchthi (Argolide, Gr ce), Tome III, Du N olithique ancien au N olithique final
Fascicle 14
Stroulia, Anna. Flexible Stones: Ground Stone Tools from Franchthi Cave
Flexible Stones: Ground Stone Tools from Franchthi Cave
ANNA STROULIA
INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS Bloomington Indianapolis
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2010 by Anna Stroulia
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No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
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Manufactured in the United States of America
Cataloging information is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-253-22178-0
1 2 3 4 5 15 14 13 12 11 10
to Mike
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Chapter One
Introduction
Introduction to the site and assemblage
Classification
Describing the material
Why not a ground stone tool stratigraphy?
Tool names
Structure of the study
Abbreviations used in the text
Chapter Two
The Pre-Neolithic Material
Introduction
The Palaeolithic period
The Mesolithic period
Lower Mesolithic
Upper Mesolithic
Final Mesolithic
Possible Pre-Neolithic specimens
Chapter Three
The Neolithic Material (1)
Introduction to the Neolithic period
Passive tools
Introduction
1. Passive open tools (Popen)
Introduction
Raw material
Aspects of manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
Discussion
2. Passive tools with cavity (Pcav)
3. Passive miscellanea (Pmisc)
Chapter Four
The Neolithic Material (2)
Active tools
Introduction
1. Active cutting edge tools (Acut)
Introduction
Raw material
Aspects of manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
Epilogue
2. Active discoidal tools (Adisc)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
3. Active rectangular tools (Arect)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
4. Active square or circular tools (Asquare-circ)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
5. Active tools used with ends (Aend)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
6. Active globular tools (Aglobe)
6.1 Active globular tools with stains (Aglobe-stain)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
6.2 Active globular tools without stains (Aglobe-nostain)
Introduction
Raw material and manufacture
Technomorphological characteristics
Aspects of use
7. Active miscellanea (Amisc)
Introduction
7.1 Active miscellanea 1 (Amisc1)
7.2 Active miscellanea 2 (Amisc2)
Epilogue
Chapter Five
Summary and Conclusions
Raw material
Manufacture
Use and discard
Chronological distribution
Spatial Distribution
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
FIGURES
INDEX
PLATES (CD-ROM)
TABLES
1.1. Modified version of Leroi-Gourhan s hierarchical scheme of all possible ways in which tools work .
2.1. Radiocarbon dates relevant to the Palaeolithic period (by lithic phase) .
2.2. Palaeolithic specimens (by lithic phase) .
2.3. Radiocarbon dates relevant to the Mesolithic period (by lithic phase) .
2.4. Lower Mesolithic specimens (including one specimen from the Lower/Upper Mesolithic interphase) .
2.5. Upper Mesolithic specimens (including two specimens that may belong to the Upper/Final Mesolithic interphase) .
2.6. Final Mesolithic specimens .
2.7. Possible pre-Neolithic specimens .
3.1. Radiocarbon dates relevant to the Neolithic period (by phase) .
3.2. Passive open tools (Popen) .
3.3. Frequency distribution of complete Popen by length .
3.4. Frequency distribution of complete Popen by width .
3.5. Frequency distribution of complete Popen by thickness .
3.6. Passive tools with cavity (Pcav) .
3.7. Passive miscellanea (Pmisc) .
4.1. Active cutting edge tools (Acut) .
4.2. Possible Acut fragments, possible remains of Acut manufacturing process (H2A:9/3a, FS 734, and FS 240), and a possible unworked Acut raw material (FS 119) .
4.3. Frequency distribution of complete Acut by length .
4.4. Frequency distribution of complete Acut by width .
4.5. Frequency distribution of complete Acut by thickness .
4.6. Frequency distribution of complete Acut by length/width ratio .
4.7. Pearson correlations among the dimensions of complete Acut .
4.8. Active discoidal tools (Adisc) .
4.9. Frequency distribution of complete Adisc by length .
4.10. Frequency distribution of complete Adisc by width .
4.11. Frequency distribution of complete Adisc by thickness .
4.12. Frequency distribution of complete Adisc by length/width ratio .
4.13. Active rectangular tools (Arect) .
4.14. Frequency distribution of complete Arect by length .
4.15. Frequency distribution of complete Arect by width .
4.16. Frequency distribution of complete Arect by thickness .
4.17. Active square or circular tools (Asquare-circ) .
4.18. Frequency distribution of complete Asquare-circ by length .
4.19. Frequency distribution of complete Asquare-circ by width .
4.20. Frequency distribution of complete Asquare-circ by thickness .
4.21. Frequency distribution of complete Asquare-circ by length/width ratio .
4.22. Active tools used with ends (Aend) .
4.23. Frequency distribution of complete Aend by length .
4.24. Frequency distribution of complete Aend by width .
4.25. Frequency distribution of complete Aend by thickness .
4.26. Active globular tools with stains (Aglobe-stain) .
4.27. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-stain by length .
4.28. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-stain by width .
4.29. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-stain by thickness .
4.30. Active globular tools without stains (Aglobe-nostain) .
4.31. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-nostain by length .
4.32. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-nostain by width .
4.33. Frequency distribution of complete Aglobe-nostain by thckness .
4.34. Active miscellanea 1 - set 1 (Amisc1-set1) .
4.35. Active miscellanea 1 - set 2 (Amisc1-set2) .
4.36. Active miscellanea 1 - set 3 (Amisc1-set3) .
4.37. Active miscellanea 1 - set 4 (Amisc1-set4) .
4.38. Acti