Anchored in Place

Description

Tensions in South African universities have traditionally centred around equity (particularly access and affordability), historical legacies (such as apartheid and colonialism), and the shape and structure of the higher education system. What has not received sufficient attention, is the contribution of the university to place-based development. This volume is the first in South Africa to engage seriously with the place-based developmental role of universities. In the international literature and policy there has been an increasing integration of the university with place-based development, especially in cities. This volume weighs in on the debate by drawing attention to the place-based roles and agency of South African universities in their local towns and cities. It acknowledges that universities were given specific development roles in regions, homelands and towns under apartheid, and comments on why sub-national, place-based development has not been a key theme in post-apartheid, higher education planning. Given the developmental crisis in the country, universities could be expected to play a more constructive and meaningful role in the development of their own precincts, cities and regions. But what should that role be? Is there evidence that this is already occurring in South Africa, despite the lack of a national policy framework? What plans and programmes are in place, and what is needed to expand the development agency of universities at the local level? Who and what might be involved? Where should the focus lie, and who might benefit most, and why? Is there a need perhaps to approach the challenges of college towns, secondary cities and metropolitan centers differently? This book poses some of these questions as it considers the experiences of a number of South African universities, including Wits, Pretoria, Nelson Mandela University and especially Fort Hare as one of its post-centenary challenges.

Informations

• Publié par: African Minds
• Date de parution: 05 novembre 2018
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9781928331766
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

ANCHORED IN PL ACE

ANCHORED INPLACE Bank, Cloete & Van Schalkwyk Rethinking the university and development in South Africa

Edited by Leslie Bank, Nico Cloete & François van Schalkwyk

ANCHORED ïN PLACE Retînkîng Hîger Educatîon and Deveopment în Sout Arîca

Edîted by Lesîe J Bank, Nîco Coete & Françoîs van Scakwyk

AF RICA N MIND S

Pubîsed în 2018 by Arîcan Mînds 4 Ecceston Pace, Somerset West 7130, Cape Town, Sout Arîca îno@arîcanmînds.org.za www.arîcanmînds.org.za

he oowîng capters were Irst pubîsed înDeveopment Soutern Arîca(vo. 35, îssue 5) and are reprînted ere wît permîssîon: Capter 6: ïntegratîng te edges: Unîversîty o Pretorîa’s neîgbourood ancor strategy (Denver Hendrîcks & Jaîme Faerty); Capter 7: Deveopîng an înnovatîon ecosystem troug a unîversîty coordînated înnovatîon patorm: he Unîversîty o Fort Hare (Sara Grobbeaar); and Capter 9: Unîversîty–communîty engagement as pace-makîng? A case o te Unîversîty o Fort Hare and Aîce (Jay hakrar). he oowîng capters were aso Irst pubîsed înDeveopment Soutern Arîcabut were revîsed prîor to pubîcatîon în tîs voume: Capter 3: Lînkîng knowedge înnovatîon and deveopment în Sout Arîca: Natîona poîcy and regîona varîances (Samue N Fongwa); Capter 4: he engaged unîversîty and te specîIcîty o pace: he case o Neson Mandea Metropoîtan Unîversîty (Françoîs van Scakwyk & George de Lange); Capter 8: he Unîversîty o Fort Hare în post-aparteîd Sout Arîca (Nîco Coete, ïan Buntîng & Tracy Baîey); and Capter 10: ïnnovatîon or ancor strategy? Cîty-campus înner cîty regeneratîon în East London-Bufao Cîty (Lesîe Bank & Francîs Sîbanda).

hîs work îs pubîsed under a Creatîve Commons Attrîbutîon 4.0 ïnternatîona Lîcense (CC-BY).

ïSBN Paper 978-1-928331-75-9 ïSBN eBook 978-1-928331-76-6 ïSBN ePub 978-1-928331-77-3

Orders: Arîcan Mînds 4 Ecceston Pace, Somerset West 7130, Cape Town, Sout Arîca îno@arîcanmînds.org.za www.arîcanmînds.org.za

For orders rom outsîde Sout Arîca: Arîcan Books Coectîve PO Box 721, Oxord OX1 9EN, UK orders@arîcanbookscoectîve.com www.arîcanbookscoectîve.com

Contents

Preace About te edîtors Acronyms

Capter 1

Capter 2

Capter 3

Capter 4

Capter 5

Capter 6

v îx x

Approacestoteunîversîty,paceanddeveopment Lesîe Bank1

Unîversîtîesasurbanancorînstîtutîonsandtesocîa contract în te deveoped word Davîd Perry & Nataîa Vîamîzar-Duarte 23

Lînkîngknowedgeînnovatîonanddeveopmentîn Sout Arîca: Natîona poîcy and regîona varîances Samue N Fongwa 42

heengagedunîversîtyandtespecîIcîtyopace: he case o Neson Mandea Metropoîtan Unîversîty Françoîs van Scakwyk & George de Lange 64

Caengesounîversîty–cîtyreatîonsîps: Relectîons rom te Unîversîty o te Wîtwatersrand and Joannesburg Aan Mabîn 85

ïntegratîngteedges:UnîversîtyoPretorîa’s neîgbourood ancor strategy Denver Hendrîcks & Jaîme Faerty

îîî

106

Capter 7

Capter 8

Capter 9

Deveopînganînnovatîonecosystemtroug a unîversîty–coordînated înnovatîon patorm: he Unîversîty o Fort Hare Sara Grobbeaar

heUnîversîtyoFortHareînpost-aparteîd Sout Arîca Nîco Coete & ïan Buntîng

122

141

Unîversîty–communîtyengagementaspace-makîng? A case o te Unîversîty o Fort Hare and Aîce Jay hakrar 165

Capter 10 ïnnovatîon or ancor strategy? Cîty-campus înner cîty regeneratîon în East London-Bufao Cîty Lesîe Bank & Francîs Sîbanda

Capter 11 he poîtîcs and patoogy o pace: Student protests, coectîve consumptîon and te rîgt to te cîty în East London Lesîe Bank & Mark Paterson

Capter 12 Antî-urbanîsm and nostagîa or a coege town Lesîe Bank

î

v

185

207

231

Preace

To determîne te orîgîns o a ong-term project requîres a mîx o conjecture, seectîve memory and connectîng dots wîe knowîng tat some dots are mîssîng. From CHET’s perspectîve, te înterest în unîversîtîes and cîtîes was part o îts concern tat te Neson Mandea-appoînted Natîona Commîssîon on Hîger Educatîon (1996) ad paîd îp servîce to te îssue o deveopment wîe ocusîng on redress (equîty) and governance (democratîsatîon). Pro. Martîn Carnoy, a partîcîpant în te network o înternatîona scoars wo partîcîpated în te NCHE deîberatîons, înormed us tat î we wanted to understand te reatîonsîp between gobaîsatîon, îger educatîon and deveopment we soud engage wît Pro. Manue Castes wo ad just pubîsed îs ‘trîogy’:he Roe o te Network Socîetyte (1996), Power o ïdentîty (1997) andEnd o Mîennîum (1998). CHET’s engagement wît Castes rom 2001 onwards on te îssue o îger educatîon and deveopment îs documented înCastes în Arîca: Unîversîtîes and deveopment. he excanges between CHET and Castes sone îgt on many aspects o unîversîtîes and deveopment, but one aspect tat Castes drew our attentîon to was te regeneratîon o cîtîes and te roe tat knowedge înstîtutîons payed în teîr regeneratîon. he dîscussîons wît Castes ed CHET to one o te eadîng scoars în tîs new Ied o study, Davîd Perry, proessor and dîrector o te Great Cîtîes ïnstîtute at te Unîversîty o ïînoîs în Cîcago. ïn September 2003 Pro. Perry was te keynote speaker at semînars osted by CHET în Cape Town and Port Eîzabet. he tîte o te Cape Town semînar was ‘Terms o Engagement: Renewîng te Roe o te Unîversîty as an Urban ïnstîtutîon’ wîe te Port Eîzabet semînar was caed ‘he Unîversîty and te Cîty: Towards an Engaged Unîversîty or te Neson Mandea Metropoe’.

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he vîsîts o bot Castes and Perry were unded by te Ford Foundatîon, wo ad been undîng cîty–unîversîty engagement în te US. At tat tîme, owever, neîter te unîversîtîes nor te Ford Foundatîon expressed înterest în deveopîng a urter project în tîs area. ïndîrecty, as îs so oten te case wît înteectua trajectorîes, te poîcy proposas or te mergers made by te Natîona Workîng Group o te Department o Educatîon and CHET, în coaboratîon wît te Eastern Cape Hîger Educatîon Assocîatîon, încuded merger modes based on coser coaboratîon between unîversîtîes and cîtîes. he proposas o te Workîng Group suggested a Compreensîve Hîger Educatîon System or Bufao Cîty (East London) and a Neson Mandea Metropoîtan Hîger Educatîon System. Government accepted and împemented te atter (Neson Mandea Metropoîtan Unîversîty) but decîded on a more tradîtîona unîversîty mode tat woud preserve and strengten te erîtage o te Unîversîty o Fort Hare. ïn 2012, te Councî o Fort Hare Unîversîty învîted CHET to deîver a presentatîon on îger educatîon în Sout Arîca and te roe o Fort Hare în te natîona system. Wîe te presentatîon was more about te bîg pîcture o te Sout Arîcan îger educatîon system, te meetîng ended wît a dîscussîon about Fort Hare’s dua campuses în Aîce and East London. ït was at tîs meetîng tat two o te edîtors o tîs book Irst met. hîs book îs a product o teCîty-Campus-Regîonunded project by te Ford Foundatîon at te Unîversîty o Fort Hare. he project was înîtîated and envîsaged as part o te centenary ceebratîons o te unîversîty în 2016 and te need or te unîversîty to relect on îts past, wîe consîderîng approprîate strategîes or growt and deveopment or te uture. Foowîng te încorporatîon o Rodes Unîversîty’s East London campus înto te Unîversîty o Fort Hare în 2004, te roe and unctîon o te new campus wîtîn te unîversîty became an îssue o consîderabe înterna debate. heCîty-Campus-Regîonproject cose to ocus specîIcay on te roe and unctîon o te urban campus wîtîn te context o te deveopment o te cîty and te regîon. Work on te reatîonsîp between town and gown was aso undertaken around te îstorîc Aîce campus o Fort Hare în te Nkonkobe Munîcîpaîty. he project was ed by Pro. Lesîe Bank, ten Dîrector o te Fort Hare ïnstîtute or Socîa and Economîc Researc (FHïSER). he researc and earnîng actîvîtîes o te project were întegrated înto te Arîcan Studîes Masters programme at te unîversîty în 2015/2016. Some

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Preace

o te Arîcan Studîes masters students based at FHïSER, încudîng Sîpo Sîbanda, Zaza Fazzîe, Sîpamanda Rumsa, Bongînkosî Masîwa and Kaya Mabuto, eped wît îterature searces and survey work on te project. Dr Francîs Sîbanda, wo served as a project manager, as sînce competed îs PD wît te support o te Ford project, wîe Nkosazana Ncgongoo eped wît project admînîstratîon. Dean Peters at te Bufao Cîty munîcîpaîty produced te graps and carts or te project. ïn September 2016, a conerence was organîsed at te Human Scîences Researc Councî în Cape Town to sare te Indîngs o te project wît a wîder group o scoars and practîtîoners rom oter urban unîversîtîes în Sout Arîca. he event was co-osted wît CHET, wîc served as a project partner on te project, ocusîng specîIcay on te roe o unîversîtîes as knowedge producers. he coectîon o essays în tîs book emerged out o tat conerence and dîaogue. he book încudes essays on te Fort Hare Aîce and East London campuses, as we as comparatîve relectîons on te cîty-campus dynamîcs at severa oter Sout Arîcan unîversîtîes. he capters în te book are wrîtten by a combînatîon o academîcs and admînîstrators. he keynote address at te conerence was deîvered by Pro. Davîd Perry rom te Great Cîtîes ïnstîtute at te Unîversîty o Cîcago ïînoîs and ormed te basîs o îs essay în te book. Sînce te competîon o tîs project, a conversatîon as emerged wît te Bufao Cîty Metropoîtan Deveopment Agency concernîng te deveopment o strategîes or te cîty to become more dîrecty învoved în restructurîng te reatîonsîp between te unîversîtîes and te cîty. he new înterest îs aso assocîated wît te announcement în Juy 2018 o a ZAR 7 bîîon învestment by Mercedes Benz în te restructurîng o îts East London pant or acceerated auto- motor productîon în te cîty or goba markets over te next decade. he Mercedes Benz învestment presents a new patorm o urban growt and deveopment în te cîty, wîc î suppemented wît te reconIguratîon o te reatîonsîp between te unîversîty and te cîty, coud provîde a Irm ootîng or wîder urban regeneratîon and încusîve growt în Bufao Cîty-East London. One o te key questîons or te uture wî concern te capacîty o te two maîn îstorîcay back unîversîtîes în te cîty to reassess teîr own roes and îstorîca commîtments to orms o antî-urbanîsm. he growt and deveopment o Fort Hare Unîversîty, în partîcuar, as been predîcated on te cutîvatîon o an Arîcan eîte wîtîn a gated

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ANCHORED ïN PLACE

rura campus, were concerns o caracter-buîdîng, od-asîoned Arîcan natîonaîsm and cose-knît, cass-based networkîng ave been prîorîtîsed over urban engagement. he cuture and orîentatîon o Fort Hare and Water Sîsuu Unîversîtîes, as we as teîr capacîty to contrîbute to cîty- and regîon-buîdîng, wît te support o te state, te cîty and te provînce, wî remaîn crîtîca questîons or te uture.

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About te edîtors

L ESLIE  B ANK  îs a deputy executîve dîrector at te HSRC and adjunct proessor o Socîa Antropoogy at te Unîversîty o Fort Hare. He îs te autor oCîty o Broken Dreams: Myt-makîng, Natîonaîsm and Unîversîty on te Arîcan Rust Bet (Mîcîgan State Unîversîty Press/ HSRC 2018),ïmontî Modern: Pîcturîng te Lîe and Tîmes o a Sout Arîcan Locatîon [wît Mxoîsî Qebeyî] (HSRC Press 2017) andHome Spaces, Street Styes: Contestîng Power and ïdentîty în a Sout Arîcan Cîty (Puto Press 2011). He îs co-edîtor oïnsîde Arîcan Antropoogy: Monîca Wîson and er ïnterpreters(Cambrîdge Press 2013). He îs a member o te edîtorîa board o te ïnternatîona Arîca ïnstîtute journa, Arîca, a commîssîonîng edîtor or te ïAï monograp serîes, and twîce past presîdent o te Assocîatîon or Antropoogy în Soutern Arîca.

N ICO  C LOETE  îs te dîrector o te Centre or Hîger Educatîon Trust (CHET) în Sout Arîca. He îs an adjunct proessor at te Unîversîty o Oso, and extraordînary proessor în te DST-NRF Centre o Exceence în Scîentometrîcs and Scîence, Tecnoogy and ïnnovatîon Poîcy (ScîSTïP) at Steenbosc Unîversîty. He was genera secretary o te Unîon o Sout Arîcan Democratîc Staf Assocîatîons (UDUSA), and te researc dîrector o te Sout Arîcan Natîona Commîssîon on Hîger Educatîon (NCHE). Recent pubîcatîons încudeCastes în Arîca: Unîversîtîes and Deveopment.

F RANÇOIS V AN  S CHALKWYK an îndependent researcer workîng în te îs areas o îger educatîon studîes, open data and scoary communîcatîon. He ods masters degrees în educatîon and pubîsîng, and îs currenty readîng or îs doctorate în scîence communîcatîon at Steenbosc Unîversîty în Sout Arîca. Recent pubîcatîons încude te voumes Castes în Arîca: Unîversîtîes and Deveopmentandhe Socîa Dynamîcs o Open Data, as we as te journa artîce ‘Arîcan unîversîty presses and te înstîtutîona ogîc o te knowedge commons’ (Learned Pubîsîng).

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