Fundamental English Grammar Review

Awni Shate Al-Auoty

Description

يعد الملف الامني في السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية أحد اهم الملفات و أكثرها تعقيدا و حساسية و تتدخل فيه طموحات الفلسطينيين في ان تكون لهم اجهزتهم الامنية الوطنية المعبرة عن ارادتهم مع رغبات المحتل الصهيوني في أن تكون هذه الاجهزة أدوات قمعية تطارد المقاومة و تحول الاستعمار الصهيوني إلى استعمار مريح و تدخل في ذلك تعقيدات و التزامات اتفاقات اوسلو و ما تلاها و مشاكل الفساد و الاختراق في هذه الاجهزة فضلا عن الرغبة الشعبية في ضبط الفلتان الامني و السعي لإيجاد معادلة مناسبة تحفظ الامن و لكن تحمي المقاومة.

Sujets

• Employabilité, métiers et formations
• LANGUAGES

Informations

• Publié par: Dar Zahran for Publishing & Distribution
• Date de parution: 01 janvier 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 29
• EAN13: 9796500012261
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

 FUNDAMENTAL  English Grammar Review

تﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣا ﻲﺒﻠﻳ ﻞﺣاﺮﳌا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﳌو ﺮﻌﻟا ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟا highly recommended to be used by Arab  students of all levels

ﻦﳌو) ﻢﻠﻌﳌاو ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻠﻟ ﻊﺟﺮﻣ  رﺎﺒﺘﺧﻻ ﺪﻌﺘﺴﻳ  (ECL, TOEFL) serves both students and  teachers

ﺐﻴﻛاﱰﻟ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺷ ﺔﺠﻟﺎﻌﻣو ةﺮﻈﻧ  ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﺠﻧﻹا ﺔﻐﻠﻟا comprehensive treatment of the structures and usages

 Indispensable for home, office and class

 يﻮـــﻴﻄﻌﻟا ﺎﺷ ﻮﻋ

 First Edition  2011 The Hashemite Kingdom of  Jordan The Deposit Number at The  National Library  (2011/3/1115) 425 Etaywe, Awni S. Fundamental English Grammer Review / Awni S. Etaywe. Amman. Dar Zahranco,2011 P.( ) Deposit No. : 2011/3/1115 Descriptors : English Language // Grammar//Education  . ﺔﻴﻟوﻷا ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺘﻟاو ﺔﺳﺮﻬﻔﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌا ةﺮﺋاد تﺪﻋأ * اﺬﻫ ﱪﻌﻳ ﻻو ﻪﻔﻨﺼﻣ ىﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻟوﺆﺴﳌا ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻒﻟﺆﳌا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻳ *  . ىﺮﺧأ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺔﻬﺟ وأ ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻮﻟا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌا ةﺮﺋاد يأر ﻦﻋ ﻒﻨﺼﳌا  Copyright ® All RightsReserved ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ يﺄﺑ وأ ﻪﺟو يأ ﲆﻋ ﻪﻠﻘﻧ وأ عﺎﺟﱰﺳﻻا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﻪﺗدﺎﻣ ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺗ وأ ،بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ءﺰﺟ يأ ﴩﻧ زﻮﺠﻳ ﻻ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﲆﻋ ﴍﺎﻨﻟا ﺔﻘﻓاﻮم ﻻإ ﻚﻟذ فﻼﺨﺑو ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺎﺑ وأ ﺮﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟﺎﺑ وأ ﺔﻴﻜﻴﻧﺎﻜﻴﻣ وأ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺔﻴﻧوﱰﻜﻟإ  . ًﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ  ﻲﺒﻨﺟﻷاو ﺮﻌﻟا ﻲدﺎﻛﻷا ﻲﻌﻣﺎﺠﻟا بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﰲ نﻮﺼﺼﺨﺘﳌا  ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟاو ﴩﻨﻠﻟ ناﺮﻫز راد  ندرﻷا 11941 نﻋ 1170 ب.ص ،+962 – 6 – 5331289 : ﺲﻛﺎﻔﻠﺗ  E-mail : [e-mail]  www.darzahran.net

Fundamental English Grammar Review  ACKNOLEDGMENTS I would like to express my great appreciation to Dr. Owayed Rata’an ( a person of myriad skills with Ph.D in TEFL) for his encouragement, continuing support, constructive suggestions, and keen perceptions. I am also indebted to Mr. Adnann AlEtaiwy (Instructor, Advisor and Translator at Dhofar University- Sultanate of Oman) for his constructive suggestions and comments.  I am really thankful to my students from Jordan. They taught me as much as I taught them. They have been proactive participants in their classrooms. Their questions and suggestions have been acting as a trigger that generates brilliant ideas and even a guidance to the required final structure of the material of this book. To them I send all my respect. A special thank you is due to Sue Maggee (English Trainer at the British Council- Jordan) for her assistance. And to my friends who championed this work I say 'thank you'  Finally, I would like to mention how grateful I am to my wife, for her encouragement and infinite patience during the long gestation of this book.

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Fundamental English Grammar Review FOREWORD It is said that teaching a language without grammar is like having a chicken walking without bones. Unlike teachers of the mother tongue, the teachers of foreign languages do not question the necessity for teaching grammar. It is no exaggeration to say that the author of‘Fundamental English Grammar Review’ spared no pains to come up with this work. It is a comprehensive treatment of the structures and usages of English grammar needed by Arab learners of English. In fact, the book covers with fullness a plethora of grammar points and areas where students have particular difficulties. It also provides enough explanation in Arabic and is written in a way that allows students to study on their own. This book is highly recommended to be used by beginning, intermediate and advanced students of English as a foreign language. Teachers may also find it useful for reference. This work will surely serve the end for which it has been intended, and that both students and teachers will gain many benefits from it. Enjoy reading it.  Dr. Owayed Awad Rat’an  (A Textbook Writer & A Supervisor of English) th 14 July, 2009

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Fundamental English Grammar Review  ...ءاﺪــــــــﻫإ ﻰﺘﺣﻲﻨﺘﺑرﻢﺛﺤﻟﴗﺘﻛاﺎﻣﺎﻈﻋُﺖﻘ َ ﻠﺨﺗﻰﺘﺣﺔﻔﻄﻧﺖﻨﻛﺬﻨﻣﻲﻨﺗﻮﺣﻲﺘﻟاﻲﻣأﱃإبﺎﺘﻜﻟااﺬﻫيﺪﻫأ  ٍﻮﻨﺑ ٍﻮﺤﺼﺑ ﺐـﻴﻐﺗ ﻲﻨﻋ ﻲﻣأ تﺎﻬﻴﻬﻓ .هراﻮﺠﻟ ﻲﻣأ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻪـﻠـﻟا رﺎﺘﺧا ﻲﺘﻟا يﺮﻤﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﺴﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ -ﺔﻌﺑاﺮﻟا ﺖﻐﻠﺑ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﰲ ﻊﺿاﻮﺘﳌا ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻞﻌﺠﻳ نأ ﻞﺟو ﺰﻋ هﻮﻋدأ ..روﺪـﺼﻟا ﻖﻔﺨﺑ ﺶُ ﻴﻌﺗ ﻲﺒﻠﻘﺑ ،رﻮـﻄﺴﻟا ﺑ ﺎﻣ  ﻞﻴﻛﻮﻟا ﻢﻌﻧو ﱃﻮﳌا ﻢﻌﻧ ﻪﻧإ ﻪﺘﻤﺣﺮﺑ ﺎﻫﺪﻤﻐﺘﻳ نأو ،ﺎﻬﺗﺎﻨﺴﺣ  ﻮﻋ ﻚﻨﺑا

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Fundamental English Grammar Review

Contents Units 1. The English Alphabet  - Groups of English letters  - Phonetic symbols  - Basic rules for reading and pronunciation 2. Word classes and English sentence  - Parts of speech/ word classes  - English sentence  - The main parts of English sentence  - The normal sentence pattern in English  - Types of English sentence 3. Verbs  - Auxiliary verbs  - Modal verbs  - Linking verbs  - Contracted forms of pronouns with auxiliary verbs 4. Tenses 5. Regular verbs, irregular verbs, and gerund  - Regular and irregular verbs  - Forming the gerund  - Rules for spelling verb+ing, and verb+ed 6. Non-progressive verbs 7. Causative verbs (make, have, get) 8. Gerund and to-infinitive  - The uses of verb-ing form  - Verbs followed by to- infinitive  - Verbs followed by gerund  - Adjectives followed by to- infinitive  - Used to  - Hear+ object+ sing/ singing 9. Negation  - Main negative patterns  - Negative prefixes  - Hardly, rarely, seldom, etc.  - Contracted forms of auxiliary verbs with 'not'  - Imperative and negative imperative

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Pages 9-12

13-21

22-25

26-35 36-39

40-41 42-43 44-51

52-59

Fundamental English Grammar Review 10. Derivation and using noun, verb, adjective, and adverb 60-65  - Word affixes - General guideline of using nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs - Parallel structure

11. Subject- verb agreement 12. Pronouns and nouns  - Personal pronouns  - Possessive pronouns  - Reflexive pronouns  - Types of nouns  - Countable nouns and mass nouns  - Singular and plural nouns  - Possessive nouns  - There+ be  - Indefinite pronouns 13. Premodifiers  -Quantifiers  Using 'few, a few, little, a little'  Using 'too, enough'  -Demonstrative pronouns  -Articles  Definite article  Indefinite articles 14. Modal verbs  - Modals uses  - Degrees of certainty  - Past forms of modals  - Probability  - Would rather/ prefer 15. Phrasal verbs  - Separable phrasal verbs  - Non-separable phrasal verbs 16. Adjective  - Order of adjectives  - Participial adjectives (-ing and –ed adjectives)  - Compound adjectives  - Comparative and superlative  - Steady and unsteady degree (equal and unequal degree)  - The function of the adjective and the adverb  - Much more comfortable  - Better and better; more and more difficult

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66-69 70-82

83-91

92-99

100-103

104-117

Fundamental English Grammar Review  - Comparison of nouns  - Double comparatives  - Adjectives with linking verbs 17. Adverbs and Adverbial Clauses 118-122

18. Types of conditional clauses  - 'If' and 'unless'  - 'Wish'  - 'Hope'  - As if/ as though 19. Conjunctions  - And, and…too, but, whereas, while, both…and, and not …  either - After, before, when, while, as, since, until, as soon as, the first time, whenever  - Because, because of, since, now that, as, due to  - To, in order to, so that, for  - But, although, even though, though, in spite of, despite  - Conjunctions for expressing result  - Not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor 20. Interrogatives  - Yes/ no questions  - Negative interrogative  - Wh-questions/ information questions  - Tag questions  - Embedded questions  - Answers  - Affirmative agreement  - Negative agreement 21. Passive voice  - Changing a sentence from active into passive  - Have/ get something done 22. Direct and indirect speech  - Changing the direct speech into indirect speech 23. Relative clauses  - Using (who, which, and that) as subject pronouns  - Using (who, which, and that) as object pronouns  - Whose, where, when  - Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clause

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123-129

130-139

140-153

154-160

161-165

166-169

Fundamental English Grammar Review 24. Prepositions 170-176  - Prepositions of place (at, in, on)  - Prepositions of time (at, in, on)  - Other prepositions  - Prepositions+ noun  - Verb+ prepositions  - Adjective+ prepositions 25. Emphasis and distancing the facts 177-179 26. Punctuation marks 180-182 27. Redundancy 183-184 28. Guide for finding writing errors 185-186 29. Problem words 187-192 30. Comprehension Tests- 193-220 Supplement with answer keys* 31. Appendices 221-240 - Appendix (1): Irregular verbs - Appendix (2): British/ American equivalents - Appendix (3): Numbers  - Appendix (4): Nationalities  - Appendix (5): Examples of phrasal verbs  - Appendix (6): Common expressions with prepositions  - Appendix (7): Problem words (vocabulary)  - Appendix (8): Acronyms  - Answer Keys 241-258

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