Lithuania

Melanie Waldron

Description

Lithuania offers complete coverage of this fascinating country, including sections on history, geography, wildlife, infrastructure and government, and culture. It also includes a detailed fact file, maps and charts, and a traceable flag.

Sujets

• Lituania
• Lithuania

Informations

• Publié par: Capstone Global Library
• Date de parution: 05 juillet 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781406233636
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Countries Around the World Lithuania

Melanie Waldron

Raintree is an imprint of Capstone Global Library Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales having its registered office at 7 Pilgrim Street, London, EC4V 6LB – Registered company number: 6695582

Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2012 First published in hardback in 2012 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www.cla.co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Kate de Villiers and Vaarunika Dharmapala Designed by Joanna Hinton-Malivoire Original illustrations © Capstone Global Library Ltd 2011 Illustrated by Oxford Designers & Illustrators Picture research by Ruth Blair Originated by Capstone Global Library Ltd Printed and bound in China by CTPS

ISBN 978 1 406 22796 3 (hardback) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Waldron, Melanie. Lithuania. -- (Countries around the world) 947.9'3086-dc22 A full catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Alamy p.14(© PjrStudio), p.29(© F1online digitale Bildagentur GmbH), p.34(© SCPhotos); Corbis p.7(© Franz- Marc Frei), p.8(© Peter Turnley),p.26(© INTS KALNINS/ Reuters); Photolibrary p.18(Pixtal Images), p.23(Ian Trower/ Robert Harding Travel); Shutterstock p.5p.(© tfrisch99), 9, 10,30,35(© Birute Vijeikiene), p.11(© Ints Vikmanis), p.13 (© JuliusKielaitis), p.16(© Outsider), p.17(© hfuchs), p.19 (© Marcin Tomczak), p.20(© Andrea Seemann), p.25(© Shmel), p.31(© Anna Lurye), p.32(© Oleksiy Naumov), p.33(© Jonutis), p.46(© totolekoala).

Cover photograph of Trakai Castle reproduced with permission of Photolibrary (© Robert Harding Travel).

We would like to thank Daniel Block and Virginija Craig for their invaluable help in the preparation of this book.

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders of material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectified in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publisher.

Disclaimer All the internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

Introducing Lithuania ............................................................................... 4 History: an occupied land ....................................................................... 6 Regions and resources: the centre of Europe ................................10 Wildlife: lucky storks and shifting sands ..........................................16 Infrastructure: politics, travel, and education ................................22 Culture: folk music, jazz, and festivals ...............................................28 Lithuaniatoday.........................................................................................34 Factfile.........................................................................................................36 Timeline .......................................................................................................40 Glossary .......................................................................................................42 Findoutmore............................................................................................44 Topic tools...................................................................................................46 Index .............................................................................................................48

Some words in the book are in bold,like this. You can înd out what they mean by looking in the glossary.

4

Introducing Lithuania

What do you know about Lithuania? For many years Lithuania was a secret place, hardly visited by tourists or businesspeople. For much of its history, it was ruled over by neighbouring countries. However, since Lithuania declared independencein 1990 it has become a key part of Europe’s future.

An emerging nation Lithuania is one of the three Baltic states, along with Latvia and Estonia. It has a gentle, rolling landscape dotted withmedievalvillages, but there are also huge areas of wilderness untouched by humans. The modern cities are vibrant and full of life. Lithuanian people are proud of their country, and they are keen to welcome people to explore it.

A fascinating beginning In the 1200s, King Mindaugas united several different tribes who lived in the land now known as Lithuania. The powerful Grand Duke Gediminas, who ruled from 1316 to 1341, extended Lithuania’s borders until it became one of the largest states in Europe. So what happened to Lithuania, and why did it lose its power? How does Lithuania’s past shape the country today?

How to say... HelloSveiki (Svay-key) How are you?Kaip gyvuojate? (Kipe gee-vu-o-yah-teh?) My name is …Mano vardas yra … (Mah-noh var-r-dus-ee-rah ...) I’m from …As esu is … (Ush ehsoo ish ...) YesTaip (Tipe) NoNe (Neh)