The Horticulturist's Rule-Book - A Compendium of Useful Information for Fruit-Growers, Truck-Gardeners, Florists and Others - Completed to Close the Year 1889

L. H. Bailey

Description

The Horticulturist's Rule-Book is an incredibly comprehensive compendium of information on the subject of horticulture. A useful reference for many occupations, this book was originally written with Fruit-Growers, Truck-Gardeners, and Florists in mind, containing a wide range of information and comprising chapters such as: Weeds; Waxes for Grafting and for Wounds; Cements, Mortars, Paints and Glues; Postal Rates and Regulations; Rules; Collecting and Preserving, etc. From a veritable dictionary of pesticides to step-by-step guides, this book constitutes the definitive horticulturalists guide not to be missed by enthusiasts and practitioners. We are proud to republish this scarce text with a new introductory biography of the author.

Informations

• Publié par: Read Books Ltd.
• Date de parution: 14 juillet 2020
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781528762045
• Langue: English

Extrait

The Horticulturist s
RULE-BOOK
A Compendium of Useful Information for
F RUIT -G ROWERS , T RUCK -G ARDENERS , F LORISTS AND O THERS

Completed to the Close of the Year
1889

B Y L. H. BAILEY
Copyright 2013 Read Books Ltd. This book is copyright and may not be reproduced or copied in any way without the express permission of the publisher in writing
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Liberty Hyde Bailey
Liberty Hyde Bailey was born on 15 March 1858 in the small town of South Haven, Michigan, USA. He was the third son of farmers Liberty Hyde Bailey Sr. and Sarah Harrison Bailey and possessed a keen interest in horticulture and botany from an early age. Bailey entered Michigan Agricultural College in 1878 and graduated four years later. In 1883 he became assistant to the renowned botanist Asa Gray; a remarkable achievement for a young man straight out of university. The same year as this success, Bailey married Annette Smith, with whom he had two daughters, Sara May, born in 1887, and Ethel Zoe, born in 1889. Moving on from his apprenticeship with Asa Gray, Bailey moved to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York in 1885 and was appointed chair of Practical and Experimental Horticulture three years later. He enjoyed considerable success in this position and became an Associate Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1900. Bailey s incredible rise throughout the academic and horticultural world continued on his appointment, by Theodore Roosevelt, as Chairman of the National Commission on Country Life in 1908. Roosevelt was a renowned lover of Americas farmland and countryside, and welcomed the 1909 report of the commission which called for rebuilding a great agricultural civilisation in America. Bailey strongly believed, in an agrarian tradition harking back to Thomas Jefferson, that rural civilisation was a vital and wholesome alternative to impersonal and corrupting city life. He especially endorsed family life, and the family farm as having a benign influence on societal responsibilities. Baileys real legacy was the themes and direction he gave to the new agrarian movement however, promoting inclusive as opposed to exclusive sociability, as well as welcoming technological progress. Bailey retired in 1913 to become a private scholar and devote more of his time to social and political issues. Before this date though, he was very involved in editing academic works; The Cyclopedia of American Agriculture (1907-09) and the Cyclopedia of American Horticulture (1900-02). He was also the founding editor of the journals Country Life in America and the Cornell Countryman . Bailey dominated the field of horticultural literature, and in total wrote sixty-five books, which together sold over a million copies. His most significant contributions to the field were in the botanical study of cultivated plants, notably emphasising the importance of Gregor Mendel s work on cross breeding and hybridizing. Bailey died on Christmas Day, 1954. He has been memorialised at Cornell University , by dedicating Bailey Hall in his honour as well as Michigan State University who created the Liberty Hyde Bailey Scholars program, designed to incorporate Baileys love of learning with the wider expression and dissemination of this knowledge.
CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.
I NSECTICIDES
CHAPTER II.
I NJURIOUS I NSECTS, WITH R EMEDIES AND P REVENTIVES
CHAPTER III.
F UNGICIDES, FOR P LANT D ISEASES
CHAPTER IV.
P LANT D ISEASES, WITH P REVENTIVES AND R EMEDIES
CHAPTER V.
I NJURIES FROM M ICE , R ABBITS , S QUIRRELS AND B IRDS, WITH P REVENTIVES AND R EMEDIES
CHAPTER VI.
W EEDS
1. Weeds in General
2. Weeds in Lawns
3. Weeds on Walks
4. Moss on Walks and Lawns
CHAPTER VII.
W AXES FOR G RAFTING AND FOR W OUNDS
1. Common Resin and Beeswax Waxes
2. Alcoholic Waxes
3. French and Pitch Waxes
4. Waxed String and Bandage
5. Waxes for Wounds
CHAPTER VIII.
C EMENTS , M ORTARS , P AINTS AND G LUES
1. Cement and Mortar
2. Concrete, etc., for Floors, Borders and Walks
3. Paints and Protective Compounds
4. Glues
CHAPTER IX.
S EED T ABLES
1. Quantity of Seed Required to Sow an Acre
2. Weight and Size of Garden Seeds
3. Number of Tree Seeds in a Pound
4. Longevity of Garden Seeds
5. Average Time Required for Garden Seeds to Germinate
6. Proper Kinds and Quantities of Seeds for a Model English Kitchen Garden of 1 1/4 acres
CHAPTER X.
P LANTING T ABLES
1. Dates for Sowing or Setting Kitchen Garden Vegetables in Different Latitudes
2. Tender and Hardy Vegetables
3. Usual Distances Apart for Planting Fruits
4. Usual Distances Apart for Planting Vegetables
5. Number of Plants Required to Set an Acre of Ground at Given Distances
CHAPTER XI.
M ATURITIES , Y IELDS AND M ULTIPLICATION
1. Time Required for Maturity of Different Garden Crops, Reckoned from the Sowing of the Seed
2. Time Required, from Setting, for Fruit Plants to Bear
3. Average Profitable Longevity of Fruit Plants Under High Culture
4. Average Yields per Acre of Various Crops
5. Tabular Statement of the Ways in which Plants are Propagated
6. Ways of Grafting and Budding
7. Particular Methods by which Various Fruits are Multiplied
8. Stocks Used for Various Fruits
CHAPTER XII.
M ETHODS OF K EEPING AND S TORING F RUITS AND V EGETABLES
CHAPTER XIII.
S TANDARD AND L EGAL M EASURES AND S IZES
1. Standard Flower Pots
2. Legal and Standard Measures
3. Miscellaneous Legal Weights per Bushel
4. Miscellaneous Legal Sizes
5. Society and Customary Standards
6. Covent Garden Measures
CHAPTER XIV.
T ABLES OF M EASURES AND W EIGHTS
CHAPTER XV.
M ISCELLANEOUS T ABLES , F IGURES AND N OTES
1. Quantity of Water Held by Pipes of Various Sizes
2. Number of Gallons in Circular Tanks and Wells
3. Number of Gallons in Square-built Tanks
4. Thermometer Scales
5. Effects of Wind in Cooling Glass
6. Per Cent. of Rays of Light Reflected from Glass Roofs at Various Angles of Inclination
7. Area of Glass in Various States and Provinces Used for Commercial Greenhouse Purposes
8. National and Party Flowers
9. Dates at which Various Fruits and Nuts Appear in Northern Markets
10. What Constitutes Wholesale Quantities
11. Average Prices in France of Various Orchid Flowers
12. Weights of Various Varieties of Apples per Bushel
13. Various Recipes and Rules
14. Various Figures
CHAPTER XVI.
R ULES
1. Loudon s Rules of Horticulture
2. Rules of Nomenclature
3. Rules for Exhibition
CHAPTER XVII.
P OSTAL R ATES AND R EGULATIONS
1. Classes of Domestic Mail Matter and Rates
2. Foreign Postage
3. Unmailable Matter
CHAPTER XVIII.
W EATHER S IGNS AND P ROTECTION FROM F ROST
CHAPTER XIX.
C OLLECTING AND P RESERVING
1. Collecting and Preserving 1 lants
2. Preserving and Printing of Flowers and Other Parts of Plants
3. Perfumery
4. Collecting and Preserving Insects
CHAPTER XX.
E LEMENTS , S YMBOLS AND A NALYSES
1. The Elements and their Symbols, and the Composition of Various Substances
2. Analyses
(a) General Analyses of Fruits and Fruit-Plants
(b) Analyses of Fruits and Garden Products with Reference to their Fertilizing Constituents
(c) Analyses of Animal Excrements
(d) Analyses of Various Materials which are Used for Fertilizers
(e) Trade Values for 1889 of Fertilizing Ingredients in Raw Materials and Chemicals
CHAPTER XXI.
N AMES AND H ISTORIES
1. Vegetables which have Different Names in England and America
2. Names of Vegetables in Different Languages
3. Derivation of the Names of Various Fruits and Vegetables
4. Periods of Cultivation and Native Countries of Cultivated Plants
CHAPTER XXII.
S TATISTICS
1. Horticultural Statistics
2. Statistics of the Vegetable Kingdom
CHAPTER XXIII.
G LOSSARY
CHAPTER I.

I NSECTICIDES .
Arsenic. -Known to chemists as arsenious acid or white oxide of arsenic. It is considered an unsafe insecticide as its color allows it to be mistaken for other substances; but in its various compounds it forms our best insecticides. From 1 to 2 grains usually prove fatal to an adult; 30 grains will usually kill a horse, 10 a cow and 1 grain or less is usually fatal to a dog. In case of poisoning, while awaiting the arrival of a physician, give emetics, and after free vomiting, give milk and eggs. Sugar and magnesia in milk is useful.
Arsenites. -Compounds of arsenic, in which arsenious acid unites with some metallic base. The leading arsenites used in destroying insects are Paris green and London purple.
P ARIS GREEN .-An aceto-arsenite of copper. When pure, it contains about 58 per cent. of arsenic, but the commercial article usually contains less, often as little as 30 per cent. The following may be considered an average analysis: Arsenic, 47.68 per cent.; copper oxide, 27.47; sulphuric acid, 7.16; moisture, 1.35; insoluble residue, 2.34. It is applied either in a wet or dry condition, but in any case it must be much diluted. For making a dry mixture, plaster, flour, air-slaked lime, road dust, or sifted wood ashes may be used. The strength of the mixture required depends upon the plants and insects