Heroes and Victims

Maria Bucur-Deckard

Description

The cultural politics of commemorating war

Heroes and Victims explores the cultural power of war memorials in 20th-century Romania through two world wars and a succession of radical political changes—from attempts to create pluralist democratic political institutions after World War I to shifts toward authoritarian rule in the 1930s, to military dictatorships and Nazi occupation, to communist dictatorships, and finally to pluralist democracies with populist tendencies. Examining the interplay of centrally articulated and locally developed commemorations, Maria Bucur's study engages monumental sites of memory, local funerary markers, rituals, and street names as well as autobiographical writings, novels, oral narratives, and film. This book reveals the ways in which a community's religious, ethnic, economic, regional, and gender traditions shaped local efforts at memorializing its war dead.

Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments

Introduction: Memory Traces: On Local Practices of Remembering and Commemorating
1. Death and Ritual: Mourning and Commemorative Practices before 1914
2. Mourning, Burying, and Remembering the War Dead: How Communities Coped with the Memory of Wartime Violence, 1918-1940
3. Remembering the Great War through Autobiographical Narratives
4. The Politics of Commemoration in Interwar Romania, 1919-1940: Dialogues and Conflicts
5. War Commemorations and State Propaganda under Dictatorship: From the Crusade against Bolshevism to Ceausescu's Cult of Personality, 1940-1989
6. Everyone a Victim: Forging the Mythology of Anti-Communism Counter-Memory
7. The Dilemmas of Post-Memory in Post-Communist Romania

Notes
Selected Bibliography
Index

Sujets

• 20th Century
• Jewish Studies
• Modern
• Holocaust
• HISTORY
• Histoire
• Women
• The Holocaust
• Modern history
• Cold War
• General officer
• Military
• Eastern Europe
• Woman
• Russian
• Politics
• History of Europe
• The Women
• Eastern
• General
• Obermodern-Zutzendorf
• Holocauste
• Europe

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 20 novembre 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253003911
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 7 Mo

Extrait

AND HEROES VICTIMS

IndianaMichigan Series in Russian and East European Studies ALExàndEr RàbinOwicH ànd WiLLiàm G. ROsEnbErg, gEnEràL EdiOrs

HERO A E N S D VICTIMS REmEmbEring Wàr in wEniEH-CEnury ROmànià

MARIA BUCUR

Indiànà UnivErsiy PrEss BLOOmingOn ànd IndiànàpOLis

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∞ he paper used în îs pubîcaîon mees e mînîmum requîremens o e Amerîcan Naîona San- dard or ïnormaîon Scîences—Permanence o Paper or Prîned Lîbrary Maerîas, ANSï Z.-.

Manuacured în e Unîed Saes o Amerîca Lîbrary o Congress Caaogîng-în-Pubîcaîon Daa

Bucur, Marîa, [dae]  Heroes and vîcîms : rememberîng war în wenîe-cenury Romanîa / Marîa Bucur.  p. cm. — (ïndîana-Mîcîgan serîes în Russîan and Eas European sudîes)  ïncudes bîbîograpîca reerences and îndex.  ïSBN ---- (co : ak. paper) — ïSBN ---- (pbk. : ak. paper) . Memo- rîaîzaîon—Romanîa—Hîsory— cenury. . Memory—Socîa aspecs—Romanîa. . War and socîey—Romanîa. . Word War, –—Socîa aspecs—Romanîa. . Word War, –— Socîa aspecs—Romanîa. . War memorîas—Socîa aspecs—Romanîa. . Coecîve memory—Ro- manîa. . Romanîa—Hîsory, Mîîary— cenury. ï. Tîe.  DR..B   .’—dc  

           

T o a l l t h e Bucur Deckards in my ife

Contents

Preface Acknowedgments

ïnroducîon Memory Traces: On Loca Practices of Remembering and Commemorating . Dea and Rîua Mourning and Commemorative Practices before 1914 . Mournîng, Buryîng, and Rememberîng e War Dead How Communities Coped with the Memory of Wartime Vioence, 1918–1940 . Rememberîng e Grea War roug Auobîograpîca Narraîves . he Poîîcs o Commemoraîon în ïnerwar Romanîa, – Diaogues and Conlicts . War Commemoraîons and Sae Propaganda under Dîcaorsîp From the Crusade against Boshevism to Ceauşescu’s Cut of Personaity, 1940–1989 . Everyone a Vîcîm Forging the Mythoogy of Anti-Communism Counter-Memory . he Dîemmas o Pos-Memory în Pos-Communîs Romanîa

Notes Seected Bibiography Index

ix xvii

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253 307 337

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Preface

he kerne o îs book was paned în . Vîsîîng Romanîa or e Irs îme sînce compeîng my dîsseraîon on e îsory o eugenîcs, ï ooked orward o reocusîng my aenîon on e pubîsîng îndusry’s înîîa lourîsîng în e Irs decade ater Communîsm. As ï scoured booksores and vendors or new and îneresîng maerîas, ï came o reaîze a a new penomenon was akîng pace beore my eyes. Everyone waned o pubîs a memoîr, and everyone ese waned o buy ese memoîrs, read em, ak abou em, and crîîque em. he genre o e memoîr was seeîng suc unprecedened grow, wî some exampes appearîng în very sma runs bu sî someow makîng e rounds, a ï began o coec ese pubîcaîons. Soon ï reaîzed a ere were wo perîods avored by mos readers: Word War ïï and e Saînîs years o Communîs persecuîon. Observîng îs îerary penomenon and aso speak- îng o peope wo were more an a generaîon oder an ï was (în eîr mîd-orîes and oder), î became apparen a or ose generaîons e projec o recoverîng and makîng sense o eîr memorîes o e s–s was an urgen ask, reevan o Indîng a new sense o socîa beongîng. hîs occurrence coîncîded wî e begînnîngs o e grow o “memory sudîes” în U.S. and pars o European academîa. ï was us orunae o begîn makîng sense o îs vîbran penomenon în pos-Communîs cuure în e company o însîgu îsorîans and oer scoars. hîs sudy sands on e souders o împoran pre- cursors a ave înspîred and caenged me o Ind my own answers o compîcaed quesîons. he work o Jay Wîner, Jon Bodnar, Jon Gîîs, Caerîne Merrîdae, Nîna Tumarkîn, Gaînes Foser, Rober Moeer, Vîeda Skuans, Rubîe Wason, and many oers, as ofered rîc exampes o ways în wîc memory îs împoran no jus as payground or poîîcîans or as a psycoogîca penomenon, bu aso as a ream or makîng cuura meanîng ou o vîoence and desrucîon.1 heîr însîgs aso ca- enged me o arîcuae were o sîuae e memory races ï was sudyîng wîîn a broader dîscourse abou remembrance and îdenîy în e modern word. Muc o e