Stella Aurorae: Natal University College (1909-1949)

Bill Guest

Sujets

• Afrique du Sud
• Pietermaritzburg
• Africa
• History
• History of Africa
• Tertiary education
• South
• Higher
• South Africa
• Republic of South Africa
• Histoire
• EDUCATION

Informations

• Publié par: Natal Society Foundation
• Date de parution: 18 novembre 2015
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781991225658
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 21 Mo

Extrait

This is the first of a three-volume history by Bill Guest of a major South African university founded as the Natal University College in Pietermaritzburg in 1909. Despite trying conditions, including two world wars, the university expanded, developed a second campus (Howard College) in Durban and became the University of Natal in 1949.

This volume covers the Natal University College years from 1909 to 1949. It looks at the personalities, events and significant milestones in the early history of the university’s two city campuses that helped shape its future role as one of the country’s leading universities.

The author draws extensively on the university archives of publications, reports, documents, reminiscences and minutes of meetings, recalling both the serious as well as the lighter side of campus life. An appendix lists all those who received degrees, diplomas and certificates from Natal University College before 1948.

 will deal with the period from 1949 until 1976 during which the university struggled to maintain its autonomy in the face of interference from the apartheid government.

will focus on the tumultuous years from 1977 to 2003 in which many of the university’s staff and students became embroiled in the resistance to apartheid and then had to engage with the consequences once the country had achieved political freedom in 1994.

STELLA AURORAE

THE HISTORY OF A SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY

Volume 1 Natal University College (1909–1949)

Bill Guest

STELLA AURORAE:

THE HISTORY OF A SOUTH AFRICAN UNIVERSITY

Volume 1 Natal University College (1909–1949)

Bill Guest

S F

Occasional Publications of the Natal Society Foundation PIETERMARITZBURG 2015

Stella Aurorae: The history of a South African university Volume 1: Natal University College (1909–1949) © Bill Guest 2015

Published in 2015 in Pietermaritzburg by the Trustees of The Natal Society Foundation under its imprint ‘Occasional Publications of The Natal Society Foundation’.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without reference to the publishers, the Trustees of The Natal Society Foundation, PO Box 11093, Dorpspruit 3206, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

Natal Society Foundation website: http://www.natalia.org.za/

ISBN 978-0-6398040-7-1 (paperback)

Editor: Christopher Merrett Assistant editors: Peter Croeser and Phila Msimang Proofreader: Sally Hines Indexers: Cynthia and Bill Guest Design & layout: Jo Marwick Body text: Times New Roman 11pt Front & footnotes: Times New Roman 9pt

Photograph acknowledgements: All other photographs: Courtesy of UKZN Archives and Killie Campbell Museum Library

Dedicated to the memory of my parents William James Guest 1897 – 1941 B.Econ (SA) IRU KLV VDFUL¿FH and Marguerite Ellalaine Guest (née Dawe) 1908 – 1980 BA LL B (UCT) for her encouragement and example

CONTENTS

Abbreviations /LVW RI ¿JXUHV Foreword Acknowledgements Chapter 1 The establishment of Natal University College  (1853–1909) ............................................................................ 1 Chapter 2 A fragile infancy (1910–1918)................................................ 25 Chapter 3 Post-war expansion (1919–1928) ........................................... 73 Chapter 4 The college comes of age (1929–1939) .................................. 127 Chapter 5 A break with tradition – ‘the Natal experiment’  (1936–1949) ............................................................................ 175 Chapter 6 NUC and World War II (1939–1945)...................................... 202 Chapter 7 From college to university (1945–1949)................................. 224 Chapter 8 The Natal University College/University of Natal in 1949 .... 286

Bibliography .............................................................................................. 324

Appendix ................................................................................................... 335

General index ............................................................................................. 374

ACIS APC ARCA BA BA (Hons) B.Sc. B.Sc. (Agric) B.Sc. (Hons) &6,5 CUP DAR DBN DHS D.Phil. Dr D.Sc. ed.(s) Fr HSRC KCML KZN LLA LL B MA MBA MBE M.Comm. MP M.Sc. n.d. no. NU NUC NUDF NUSAS PAR Ph.D. PMB Rev. SABC SALA SCA

ABBREVIATIONS

Associate of the Chartered Institute of Secretaries Alan Paton Centre (UKZN, PMB Campus) Associate of the Royal College of Art Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Bachelor of Science Bachelor of Science (Agriculture) Bachelor of Science (Honours) &RXQFLO IRU 6FLHQWL¿F DQG ,QGXVWULDO 5HVHDUFK Cambridge University Press Durban Archive Repository Durban Durban High School Doctor of Philosophy Doctor Doctor of Science editor(s) Father Human Sciences Research Council Killie Campbell Museum Library KwaZulu-Natal Lady Literate in Arts (St Andrews) Bachelor of Laws Master of Arts Master of Business Administration Member of the Order of the British Empire Master of Commerce Malherbe Papers (in KCML and UKZNA) Master of Science no date number Natal University Natal University College Natal University Development Foundation National Union of South African Students Pietermaritzburg Archives Repository Doctor of Philosophy Pietermaritzburg Reverend South African Broadcasting Corporation South African Library Association Students Christian Association

SRC UCT UG UKZN UKZNA UN 81(6&2 UNISA UNP vol. Wits YMCA YWCA

Students Representative Council University of Cape Town Union Government University of KwaZulu-Natal University of KwaZulu-Natal Archives (PMB campus) University of Natal 8QLWHG 1DWLRQV (GXFDWLRQDO 6FLHQWL¿F DQG &XOWXUDO 2UJDQLVDWLRQ University of South Africa University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg volume University of the Witwatersrand Young Mens Christian Association Young Womens Christian Association

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.  12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

C.J. (Charles) Mudie

LIST OF FIGURES

S.G. (Samuel) Campbell

J. (John) Dove-Wilson

W.J. (William) O’Brien

D. (David) Robb

A. (Alexander) Petrie

R.B. (Robert) Denison J.W. (John) Bews A.F. (Alan) Hattersley E. (Ernest) Warren 6WD൵  O. Waterhouse Laying of the NUC Clock Tower foundation stone Old Main Block (front entrance) Early NUC lecture room Early NUC Physics laboratory

F.B. (Frank) Burchell

G.W. (George) Sweeney

A.S. (Alan) Paton

R.O. (Reg) Pearse

N. (Neville) Nuttall

S.F. (Frank) Bush

J.H. (James) Neal

T.B.F. (Thomas Benjamin) Davis

G.M.J. (Maurice) Sweeney

W.E. (Eric) Phillips

L.C. (Lester) King

G.S. (Gawie) Nienaber A.J.W. (Adolf) Bayer F.L. (Frank) Warren P.G. (Peter) Leeb-du Toit Howard College nearing completioncirca1933 City Buildings, Durban M. (Mabel) Palmer (née Atkinson) F.M. (Florence Mary) MacDonald

10 14 26 26 28 30 30 36 40 42  70 71 71 72 72 74 82 86 92 98 100 112 114 116 134 152 154 156 156 164 facing page 174 facing page 174 178 180

36. 37. 38. 39.  41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

E. (Elizabeth) Sneddon D.B. (David) Hodges E.G. (Ernest) Malherbe O. (Oswald) Black *+ *HR൵UH\ 'XUUDQW N.R. (Desmond) Clarence J.D. (Jacob) Krige O. (Oliver) Davies W.H. (William) Gardner E.J. (Eileen) Krige

J.R. Daymond

A.R. (Rabie) Saunders

Clem Abbott measuring

New armorial bearings of the University of Natal

E.H. (Edgar) Brookes

D.G. (Denis Gem) Shepstone

184 203 225 243  251 253 255 257 257 259 275 277 287 289 319