History of Allergy

Description

The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased dramatically over recent decades, both in terms of the number of sufferers and the number of allergies. This is a trend that has frequently been referred to as 'the epidemic of the 21st century'. As described in ancient texts, allergies have been known for over 2,000 years, but the term 'allergy' was only coined at the beginning of the 20th century when doctors began to understand their pathophysiological basis. This book presents a detailed and varied historical overview of the field of allergology. Beginning with insights on allergy from antiquity to the 20th century and the development of the associated terminology, it compiles historical reflections on the understanding of the most common allergic diseases. Important milestones in the discovery of mechanisms of allergy are described, followed by historical accounts of the detection of allergens such as pollen, dust mites, peanuts and latex, and of environmental influences such as pollution and the relationship between farmers and their environment. Several chapters illustrate the progress made in allergy management to date. Particular highlights of this book are the personal reflections of and interviews with a number of pioneers of allergy, including F. Austen, J. Bienenstock, K. Blaser, A. de Weck, A.W. Frankland, K. Ishizaka, and many more. Concluding with portrayals of allergy societies and collections, as well as being supplemented by two films, this book represents a veritable treasure trove of fascinating and richly illustrated information. Not only researchers, physicians and medical historians, but also students and even non-scientists will find History of Allergy a scientific adventure well worth reading.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 27 mai 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783318021950
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 5 Mo

Extrait

History of Allergy
Chemical Immunology and Allergy
Vol. 100
Series Editors
Johannes Ring Munich
Kurt Blaser Davos
Monique Capron Lille
Judah A. Denburg Hamilton
Stephen T. Holgate Southampton
Gianni Marone Naples
Hirohisa Saito Tokyo
History of Allergy
Volume Editors
Karl-Christian Bergmann Berlin
Johannes Ring Munich
257 figures, 127 in color and 20 tables, 2014
Chemical Immunology and Allergy
Formerly published as ‘Progress in Allergy’(Founded 1939),
continued 1990-2002as ‘Chemical Immunology’
Edited by Paul Kallós 1939-1988, Byron H. Waksman 1962-2002
Karl-Christian Bergmann
Allergie-Centrum-Charité
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Berlin (Germany)
Johannes Ring
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie
am Biederstein
Munich (Germany)
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents ® and PubMed/MEDLINE.
Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2014 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH-4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed in Germany on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Kraft
Druck GmbH, Ettlingen
ISSN 1660-2242
e-ISSN 1662-2898
ISBN 978-3-318-02194-3
e-ISBN 978-3-318-02195-0
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Bergmann, K.-C. (Berlin); Ring, J. (Munich)

1 Allergy through 20 Centuries
History of Allergy in Antiquity
Ring, J. (Munich)
Abstract
Mesopotamia
Egypt
Indigenous Populations in America
China
Ancient India
Allergy in the Bible
Greek-Roman Tradition
Hay Fever/Rhinitis
Herodotos
Marcus Terentius Varro
Asthma
Aretaeus from Cappadocia
Urticaria
Food Allergy
Eczema
Famous Allergic Individuals in Antiquity
Pharaoh Menes from Egypt
Emperor Augustus, Emperor Claudius and Britannicus:The First Family History of Atopy in the Julio-Claudian Emperor Family
Octavianus Augustus
Emperor Claudius
Britannicus
Seneca
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
History of Allergy in the Middle Ages and Renaissance
Ring, J. (Munich)
Abstract
History of Medicine in the Middle Ages in the Middle East
Al Rhazes
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
Moses Maimonides
The Period from 1300 to 1700 BC
The 15th and 16th Centuries
Rose Fever
Conclusion
References
Landmarks in Allergy during the 19th Century
Kay, A.B. (London)
Abstract
Hay Fever and Ragweed Pollinosis
Anaphylaxis
Asthma
Eosinophils and Mast Cells
References
Milestones in the 20th Century
Bergmann, K.-C. (Berlin)
Abstract
Patients First – The First Patient's Organization for Allergy Sufferers
Immunotherapy against Pollen and Other Allergens – The ‘Backbone of Allergology’
Anaphylaxis – The Discovery of a New Field in 1902
The Determining Word Is Born in 1906
Serum Sickness and the ‘Case Langerhans’
The Idea of Anaphylaxis Received Growing Interest…
Local Anaphylaxis
Anaphylactic Shock and ‘Local Immunity’
Alimentary Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis in the Clinical Routine
The Word ‘Atopy’ Has Remained to This Day
The Transferability of an Allergy by Blood, or the Search for the ‘Malefactor’
The Transferability of an Allergy through Serum Is Proved
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis Test
Scientific Allergy Diagnostics
Scratch Test
Precursor of the Prick Test
Intracutaneous Test
Rub Test
Conjunctival Provocation
Nasal Provocation Test
Inhalation Tests
Discovery of IgE and Slow Reacting Substances
Discovery of Leukotrienes
References
Terminology of Allergic Phenomena
Ring, J. (Munich)
Abstract
Idiosyncrasy
Antipathy
Hypersensitivity
Anaphylaxis
Allergy
Atopy
Conclusion
References

2 Most Common Allergic Diseases: Historical Reflections in Understanding
Anaphylaxis
Ring, J.; Grosber, M.; Brockow, K. (Munich); Bergmann, K.-C. (Berlin)
Abstract
The Voyage on the Yacht Princesse Alice II
Pathophysiology
References
Allergic Rhinitis
Mygind, N. (Copenhagen)
Abstract
An Allergy Giant in 1873
Terminology and Definition
Epidemiology and Natural History
Allergens
Histopathology and Pathogenesis
The Epithelial Lining
The Mast Cell
Histamine
The Eosinophil
Nasal Polyps
Symptoms
Treatment
Antihistamines
Cromoglycate
Topical Steroids
Systemic Steroids
Allergic Rhinitis
Nasal Polyposis
Oral Treatment or a Depot Injection
Vasoconstrictors
Ipratropium Bromide
Immunotherapy
References
Asthma
Bergmann, K.-C. (Berlin)
Abstract
The Beginning in the East
The Beginning in the West
The Middle Ages
Modern Times
Acknowledgements
References
Atopic Dermatitis/Atopic Eczema
Wallach, D. (Paris); Taïeb, A. (Bordeaux)
Abstract
Chronological Agenda
Atopic Dermatitis before 1800
Atopic Dermatitis in Willanist Dermatology
Atopic Dermatitis as a Diathetic Prurigo
Birth of Atopic Dermatitis
Criteria and Scores in the Contemporary Era
Will Semantic Discussions End?
Pathogenic Theories and Their Therapeutic Consequences
Humoralistic Theories and Reluctance to Treat
Digestive Theories and Diet
Parasitic/Bacteriological Dimension of Eczema
Allergological Theories, Hyposensitization and Allergen Eviction
Fear of Treatment Side Effects
Neuropsychological Considerations
Other Hypotheses
Dermatological Approach and Topical Therapy
Conclusion
References
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Alikhan, A. (Rochester, Minn.); Maibach H.I. (San Francisco, Calif.)
Abstract
Patch Testing – Jadassohn and Bloch
Important Early Basic Science Discoveries
Standard Series – Bonnevie
Contact Dermatitis and Public Health – Ramazzini and Prosser White
Contact Dermatitis Societies
Improving Convenience – The TRUE Test
Moving into the Computer Age -The CARD Database
The Future of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Conclusion
References
Urticaria and Angioedema
Maurer, M. (Berlin)
Abstract
Urticaria
Angioedema
References
Allergy and the Eye
Bonini, S. (Rome)
Abstract
The Contribution of Ocular Allergy to a Better Understanding of Mechanisms of the Immune Reaction
The Contribution of Ocular Allergy to Clinical Practice in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
How Ocular Allergy Can Contribute to a Continuing Progress of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Conclusion
References
History of Food Allergy
Wüthrich, B. (Zurich)
Abstract
Food Allergy in Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Myth or Reality?
First Documentation of Food Allergy-Skin Test as Diagnostic Routine Method
Other Test Methods for Food Allergy Prior to the Discovery of Immunoglobulin E
Radioallergosorbent Test-Significant Progress in the Diagnosis of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergies
Component-Resolved Diagnostic Techniques
Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Food Challenge – The Gold Standard and the Diagnosis of Food Allergy
Fatal Food Allergies
Pollen-Associated Food Allergies and the ‘Oral Allergy Syndrome’
‘Derivative Allergy’ – A Rare Pathway of Elicitation of Food Allergy
Food-Induced/Food-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
Oral Desensitization – Long Controversial, but Now Established
Acknowledgement
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