Medications and Sleep, An Issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics

Timothy Roehrs

Description

This issue comprises two parts. The first part examines pharmacology of drug classes and effects on the sleep--wake processes. The second part focuses on therapeutics for various sleep disorders. In the first part, basic neuropharmacology of sleep-wake states is discussed. Other articles review hypnotics, allergy and cardiovascular drugs, anti-convulsant drugs, anti-depressant and anti-psychotic drugs, and stimulants. The second part focuses on pharmacology for specific sleep disorders: primary insomnia, co-morbid insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, narcolepsy and disorders of daytime sleepiness, movement disroders, parasomnias, and circadian rhythm disorders.

Sujets

• Santé et bien-être
• Bien-être émotionnel
• Bien-être émotionnel
• Thoracic Medicine
• Pulmonary Medicine
• Medical
• Médecine

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders
• Date de parution: 28 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781455700653
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Medications and Sleep

Timothy Roehrs, PhD
Department of Internal Medicine, Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, CFP-3, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
ISSN  1556-407X Volume 5 • Number 4 • December 2010
Elsevier
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
CME Accreditation Page and Author Disclosure
Accreditation
Faculty Disclosure/Conflict of Interest
To Enroll
Forthcoming Issues
Contributors
Foreword
Preface
Part I
The Pharmacology of Drug Classes and Effects on Sleep-Wake Processes
Neuropharmacology of Sleep and Wakefulness
γ-aminobutyric acid
Acetylcholine
Adenosine
Biogenic amines
Glutamate
Peptides
Opioids
Future directions
Pharmacotherapy for Insomnia
Diagnostic criteria as therapeutic targets for insomnia
Therapeutics for insomnia
Allergy/Respiratory and Cardiovascular Drugs
Allergy and respiratory drugs
Cardiovascular drugs
Summary
Drug-Related Sleep Stage Changes: Functional Significance and Clinical Relevance
Drug effects on sleep stages
Sleep stage variations in sleep disorders
Sleep stage variations in nonpatients
Antidepressant and Antipsychotic Drugs
Pharmacologic mechanisms of antidepressants and antipsychotics: effects on sleep-wake function
Stimulants in Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
Amphetamines and amphetaminelike compounds
Modafinil and armodafinil
Future stimulant treatments
Part II
Therapeutics for Various Sleep Disorders
Pharmacologic Treatment of Primary Insomnia
Prevalence and risk factors
Etiologic basis and pathophysiology
Insomnia and risk of impairment or poor health
Pharmacologic treatment of primary insomnia
Considerations for pharmacotherapy
Summary
Comorbid Insomnia: Reciprocal Relationships and Medication Management
Insomnia comorbid with MDD
Pharmacotherapy approaches to comorbid insomnia
Therapeutics for Sleep-disordered Breathing
Medications that decrease the symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing
Therapeutics of Narcolepsy
Monoaminergic system
GABAergic system
Other considerations
The Pharmacologic Management of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Leg Movement Disorder
Treatment of restless legs syndrome
Treatment of periodic limb movement disorder
Therapeutics for Parasomnias in Adults
RBD
Disorders of arousal from NREM sleep (confusional arousals, sleepwalking, sleep terrors)
Sexsomnia
SRED
Summary
Therapeutics for Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders
Delayed sleep phase disorder
Advanced sleep phase disorder
Free-running disorder (nonentrained type)
Irregular sleep-wake rhythm
Jet lag disorder
Shift work disorder
Summary and future directions
Index
CME Accreditation Page and Author Disclosure


Goal Statement
The goal of Sleep Clinics of North America is to keep practicing physicians up to date with current clinical practice by providing timely articles reviewing the state of the art in patient care.

Accreditation
The Sleep Clinics of North America is planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and Policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint sponsorship of the University of Virginia School of Medicine and Elsevier. The University of Virginia School of Medicine is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
The University of Virginia School of Medicine designates this educational activity for a maximum of 15 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ for each issue, 60 credits per year. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
The American Medical Association has determined that physicians not licensed in the US who participate in this CME activity are eligible for a maximum of 15 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ for each issue, 60 credits per year.
Credit can be earned by reading the text material, taking the CME examination online at http://www.theclinics.com/home/cme , and completing the evaluation. After taking the test, you will be required to review any and all incorrect answers. Following completion of the test and evaluation, your credit will be awarded and you may print your certificate.

Faculty Disclosure/Conflict of Interest
The University of Virginia School of Medicine, as an ACCME accredited provider, endorses and strives to comply with the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) Standards of Commercial Support, Commonwealth of Virginia statutes, University of Virginia policies and procedures, and associated federal and private regulations and guidelines on the need for disclosure and monitoring of proprietary and financial interests that may affect the scientific integrity and balance of content delivered in continuing medical education activities under our auspices.
The University of Virginia School of Medicine requires that all CME activities accredited through this institution be developed independently and be scientifically rigorous, balanced and objective in the presentation/discussion of its content, theories and practices.
All authors/editors participating in an accredited CME activity are expected to disclose to the readers relevant financial relationships with commercial entities occurring within the past 12 months (such as grants or research support, employee, consultant, stock holder, member of speakers bureau, etc.). The University of Virginia School of Medicine will employ appropriate mechanisms to resolve potential conflicts of interest to maintain the standards of fair and balanced education to the reader. Questions about specific strategies can be directed to the Office of Continuing Medical Education, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia.
The faculty and staff of the University of Virginia Office of Continuing Medical Education have no financial affiliations to disclose.
The authors/editors listed below have identified no professional or financial affiliations for themselves or their spouse/partner:
Sarah Barth (Acquisitions Editor); Helen A. Baghodoyan, PhD; Cynthia Brown, MD (Test Author); Sachiko Chikahisa, PhD; Maryann C. Deak, MD; Ehren R. Dodson, PhD; Ralph Lydic, PhD; Mark W. Mahowald, MD; Hashir Majid, MD; William H. Moorcroft, PhD; Seiji Nishino, MD, PhD; Francoise J. Roux, MD, PhD; Noriaki Sakai, DVM, PhD; Carlos H. Schenck, MD; and Christopher J. Watson, PhD.
The authors/editors listed below identified the following professional or financial affiliations for themselves or their spouse/partner:
D. Troy Curry, MD is a researcher for Pfizer, Merck & Co., Somaxon, Evotec, Actelion, Vanda, Neurogen, Sanofi-Aventis, Ventus, Respironics, Jazz Pharmaceuticals; has received honoraria from and is on the speakers bureau for Glaxo-Smith Kline.
Robert N. Glidewell, PsyD is employed by Lynn Institute for Healthcare Research and LLC, Aspen Pointe; and owns stock in Behavioral Sleep Medicine.
Janine M. Hall-Porter, PhD is an industry funded research/investigator for Pfizer, Merck & Co., Somaxon, Evotec, Actelion, Vanda, Neurogen, Sanofi-Aventis, Ventus, Respironics, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals.
Max Hirshkowitz, PhD, D ABSM is an industry funded research/investigator, is a consultant, and serves on the Speakers' Bureau for Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and Cephalon.
Meir H. Kryger, MD is a consultant for Merck and Purdue, and is an industry funded research/investigator for Respironics and Resmed.
Andrew D. Krystal, MD, MS receives grant/research support from NIH, Sanofi-Aventis, Cephalon, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Neurocrine, Pfizer, Sepracor, Somaxon, Takeda, Transcept, Respironics, Neurogen, Evotec, Astellas, Abbott, and Neuronetics; and is a consultant for Abbott, Actelion, Arena, Astellas, Axiom, AstraZeneca, BMS, Cephalon, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Jazz, Johnson and Johnson, King, Merck, Neurocrine, Neurogen, Neuronetics, Novartis, Organon, Ortho-McNeil-Janssen, Pfizer, Respironics, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Sepracor, Somaxon, Takeda, Transcept, Kingsdown Inc., and CHDI.
Teofilo Lee-Chiong, Jr, MD (Consulting Editor) is on the Advisory Board/Committee for the American College of Chest Physicians and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
Timothy Roehrs, PhD (Guest Editor) is a consultant for Sanofi, Takada, and Evotec.
Thomas Roth, PhD receives grant support and is a consultant and speaker for Cephalon, Sanofi, and Sepracor; receives grant support and is a consultant for Aventis, GSK, Merck, Neurocrine, Pfizer, SchoeringPlough, Somaxon, Somnus, Syrex, Takeda, TransOral/Granscept, Ventus, Wyeth, and Xenoport; and is a consultant for Abbott, Accadia, Acogolix, Acorda, Actelion, Addrenex, Alchemers, Alza, Ancel, Arena, AstraZenca, AVER, Bayer, BMS, BTG, Cypress, Dove, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Evotec, Forest, Hypnion, Impax, Intec, Intra-Cellular, Jazz, J&J, King, Lundbeck, McNeil, MediciNova, Neurim, Neurogen, Novartis, Ocera, Orexo, Organon, Otsuka, Prestwick, Proctor and Gamble, Purdue, Resteva, Roche, Servier, Shire, Steady Sleep Rx, Vanda, Vivometrics, and Yamanuchi.
Paula K. Schweitzer, PhD is an industry funded research/investigator for Pfizer, Merck, Actelion, Vanda, Neurogen, Somaxon, and Ventus.
James K. Walsh, PhD is an industry funded research/investigator for Pfizer, Merck & Co., Somaxon, Evotec, Actelion, Vanda, Neurogen, Sanofi-Aventis, Ventus, Respironics, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and has provided consulting services to Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Cephalon, Schering-Plough/Organon, Neurocrine, Takeda America, Actelion, Sepracor, Jazz, Respironics, Transcept, Neurogen, GlaxoSmithKline, Somaxon, Eli Lilly, Evotec, Merck, Kingsdown, Vanda, Ventus, and Somnus.
John W. Winkelman, MD, PhD is a consultant for Covance, GSK, Impax Laboratories, Luitpold Pharmaceuticals, Neurogen, Pfizer, and Zeo Inc.; is an industry funded research/investigator for GSK and Sepracor; and is on the Speak