Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases

Description

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden with associated high economic costs to the health system. Main factors are the increasing number of patients with diabetes and hypertension and the aging of the population. CKD has been associated with increased risks of cardiovascular morbidity, premature mortality, and/or decreased quality of life. In this new volume, renowned Japanese scientists present their recent research results. Papers cover various aspects of kidney diseases such as cystic kidney diseases, treatment of lupus nephritis, renal anemia and iron metabolism, cell sheet engineering, frailty and outcomes of dialysis patients, and the socioeconomics of rituximab in nephrotic syndrome. Due to the wide range of topics presented, this book will be of interest to readers from various clinical and research settings connected with the care of CKD patients.

Informations

• Publié par: S. Karger AG
• Date de parution: 07 mai 2018
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9783318063509
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases
Contributions to Nephrology
Vol. 195
Series Editor
Claudio Ronco Vicenza
 
Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases
Volume Editor
Kosaku Nitta Tokyo
22 figures, 12 in color, and 17 tables, 2018
Contributions to Nephrology (Founded 1975 by Geoffrey M. Berlyne)
_______________________ Kosaku Nitta Kidney Center (Jin Center Dai 4 Nai-ka) Tokyo Women’s Medical University 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8666 (Japan)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Nitta, Kosaku, editor.
Title: Recent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of kidney diseases / volume editor, Kosaku Nitta.
Other titles: Contributions to nephrology; v. 195. 0302-5144
Description: Basel ; New York : Karger, 2018. | Series: Contributions to nephrology, ISSN 0302-5144; vol. 195 | Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018009917| ISBN 9783318063493 (hard cover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9783318063509 (electronic version)
Subjects: | MESH: Kidney Diseases--pathology | Kidney Diseases--therapy
Classification: LCC RC903 | NLM WJ 300 | DDC 616.6/106--dc23 LC record available at
https://lccn.loc.gov/2018009917
 
Bibliographic Indices. This publication is listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents ® and Index Medicus.
Disclaimer. The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the book is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.
Drug Dosage. The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
© Copyright 2018 by S. Karger AG, P.O. Box, CH–4009 Basel (Switzerland)
www.karger.com
Printed on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706)
ISSN 0302–5144
e-ISSN 1662–2782
ISBN 978–3–318–06349–3
e-ISBN 978–3–318–06350–9
 
Contents
Preface
Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
The Role of Caveolae on Albumin Passage through Glomerular Endothelial and Epithelial Cells: The New Etiology of Urinary Albumin Excretion
Moriyama, T.; Karasawa, K.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Rituximab as a Therapeutic Option for Steroid-Sensitive Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults
Iwabuchi, Y.; Moriyama, T.; Itabashi, M.; Takei, T.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Large Renal Corpuscle: Clinical Significance of Evaluation of the Largest Renal Corpuscle in Kidney Biopsy Specimens
Kataoka, H.; Mochizuki, T.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
New Insights into Cystic Kidney Diseases
Mochizuki, T.; Makabe, S.; Aoyama, Y.; Kataoka, H.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Recent Advances in Treatment Strategies for Lupus Nephritis
Karasawa, K.; Uchida, K.; Takabe, T.; Moriyama, T.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Association between Increases in Normalized Protein Catabolic Rate and Increases in Creatinine Generation Rate in Dialysis Patients
Hanafusa, N.; Kamei, D.; Tsukada, M.; Miwa, N. (Tokyo); Komatsu, M.; Shiohira, S.; Okazaki, M.; Watanabe, R.; Kawaguchi, H. (Fukushima); Tsuchiya, K.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Renal Anemia and Iron Metabolism
Ogawa, C. (Kawasaki); Tsuchiya, K. (Kawasaki/Tokyo); Maeda, K. (Kawasaki); Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Cell Sheet Engineering and Kidney Diseases
Oka, M.; Miyabe, Y.; Sugiura, N.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Clinical Impact of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease
Ogawa, T.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Treatment of Posttransplantation Anemia
Unagami, K.; Okumi, M.; Tamura, T.; Ishida, H.; Tanabe, K.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Role of Frailty on Outcomes of Dialysis Patients
Nitta, K.; Hanafusa, N.; Tsuchiya, K. (Tokyo)
Socioeconomics of Administering Rituximab for Nephrotic Syndrome
Takura, T.; Takei, T.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Use of Beta-Blockers on Maintenance Dialysis Patients and Ischemic Cerebral and Cardiovascular Deaths: An Examination Using Propensity Score
Omae, K.; Ogawa, T.; Yoshikawa, M.; Sakura, H.; Nitta, K. (Tokyo)
Direct Effects of Immunomodulatory Agents on Podocytes in Immune-Mediated Glomerular Diseases
Manabe, S. (Tsukuba/Tokyo); Nitta, K. (Tokyo); Nagata, M. (Tsukuba)
Author Index
Subject Index
Preface
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden with a high economic cost to the health system that results from the increasing number of patients with diabetes and hypertension, and from the aging of the population. CKD has been associated with increased risks of cardiovascular morbidity, premature mortality, and/or decreased quality of life (QOL). The current volume entitled Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases incorporates many papers reviewed by faculty members of the Department of Medicine, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
The first paper in this volume of the book series Contributions to Nephrology discusses the role of caveolae in albumin passage through glomerular endothelial and epithelial cells, as shown by Moriyama et al. The authors suggest that albumin enters into glomerular endothelial and epithelial cells through caveolae; subsequent transcytosis of albumin is not actin- or microtubule-dependent in glomerular endothelial cells, but is actin-dependent in glomerular epithelial cells.
Iwabuchi et al. describe that rituximab has a beneficial effect, with the sustained remission or reduction of proteinuria in patients with steroid-dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Rituximab is a chimeric murine/human monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody that targets CD20, a B-cell differentiation marker. B-cell recovery begins at approximately 6 months following the completion of treatment.
Kataoka et al. show that the renal corpuscle size (glomerular size) is an easily measurable parameter and potentially acts as a predictor of long-term renal function. Large renal corpuscles could be used to guide therapy. In this review, after identifying the pitfalls regarding the assessment of mean values in medical research, we propose that the measurement of the maximum glomerular profile in renal biopsies would provide valuable insights into the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of kidney diseases.
According to Mochizuki et al., hereditary cystic kidney diseases are considered as “ciliopathies” caused by abnormalities of the “primary cilia” situated on the tubules. As a result of dysplasia and dysfunction of cilia, formation of cysts occurs at various stages of life. Although occurring at a low incidence, hereditary cystic kidney diseases that develop from the fetal stage to childhood are diverse and are often associated with systemic disorders.
Karasawa et al. demonstrate the concept of therapeutic approach for lupus nephritis (LN). In LN induction therapy until recently, cyclophosphamide in combination with prednisone (PSL) has been the standard method of treatment of proliferative forms of LN. Recently, the combination of mycophenolate mofetil has become a standard treatment option. Furthermore, multi-target therapy with tacrolimus added to PSL and mycophenolate mofetil, with reference to regimen after organ transplantation, has also been reported.
Hanafusa et al. report that older dialysis population is growing, and malnutrition and wasting syndrome is a great concern in this population. However, whether management in the forms of an increase in protein intake has a beneficial effect on muscle mass has not been demonstrated. In this volume, Hanafusa et al. evaluated an association between changes in normalized protein catabolic rate and percent creatinine generation rate (%CGR) in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD). The results showed that increase in normalized protein catabolic rate was associated with increase in %CGR. The association was stronger in patients with baseline %CGR levels below 100%.
Ogawa et al. describe that there was no consideration in terms of iron metabolism or the long-term safety of intravenous iron supplementation. This study presents information regarding iron metabolism in patients on HD, factors that influence iron metabolism in such patients, and the problems with existing treatment guidelines in Japan, apart from discussing the optimal iron levels and optimal Hb production indices.
Oka et al. introduce the therapeutic efficacy of cell sheet transplantation in the treatment of kidney disease. The 2-