Introduction to Phenomenological Research

Martin Heidegger

Description

An important link between Heidegger's early thinking and Being and Time

Introduction to Phenomenological Research, volume 17 of Martin Heidegger's Gesamtausgabe, contains his first lectures given at Marburg in the winter semester of 1923–1924. In these lectures, Heidegger introduces the notion of phenomenology by tracing it back to Aristotle's treatments of phainomenon and logos. This extensive commentary on Aristotle is an important addition to Heidegger's ongoing interpretations which accompany his thinking during the period leading up to Being and Time. Additionally, these lectures develop critical differences between Heidegger's phenomenology and that of Descartes and Husserl and elaborate questions of facticity, everydayness, and flight from existence that are central in his later work. Here, Heidegger dismantles the history of ontology and charts a new course for phenomenology by defining and distinguishing his own methods.

Sujets

• Philosophie
• Épistémologie
• Philosophie de l'esprit
• Movements
• PHILOSOPHY
• Philosophie et théologie
• Phenomenology
• Continental

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 03 mai 2005
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780253004437
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 17 Mo

Extrait

Introduction to Phenomenological Research
Studies in Continental Thought
GENERAL EDITOR
JOHN SALLIS
CONSULTING EDITORS
Robert Bernasconi
Rudolph Bernet
John D. Caputo
David Carr
Edward S. Casey
Hubert L. Dreyfus
Don Ihde
David Farrell Krell
Lenore Langsdorf
Alphonso Lingis
William L. McBride
J. N. Mohanty
Mary Rawlinson
Tom Rockmore
Calvin O. Schrag
Reiner Sch rmann
Charles E. Scott
Thomas Sheehan
Robert Sokolowski
Bruce W. Wilshire
David Wood
Martin Heidegger
Introduction to Phenomenological Research
Translated by
Daniel O. Dahlstrom
Indiana University Press
Bloomington and Indianapolis
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Published in German as Martin Heidegger, Gesamtausgabe , volume 17: Einf hrung in die ph nomenologische Forschung , edited by Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann
1994 by Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main English translation 2005 by Indiana University Press
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Manufactured in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Heidegger, Martin, 1889-1976.
[Einf hrung in die ph nomenologische Forschung. English]
Introduction to phenomenological research / Martin Heidegger ; translated by Daniel O. Dahlstrom.
p. cm.-(Studies in Continental thought)
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-253-34570-7 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Phenomenology. I. Dahlstrom, Daniel O. II. Title. III. Series.
B3279.H48E3613 2005
142 .7-dc22
2004022162
1 2 3 4 5 10 09 08 07 06 05
Contents
Translator s Foreword
PRELIMINARY REMARK
The task of the lectures and the passion for questioning genuinely and rightly
PART ONE
AINOMENON AND IN ARISTOTLE AND HUSSERL S SELF-INTERPRETATION OF PHENOMENOLOGY
Chapter One
Elucidation of the expression phenomenology by going back to Aristotle
1. Clarification of on the basis of the Aristotelian analysis of perceiving the world by way of seeing
a) as a distinctive manner of an entity s presence: existence during the day
b) as anything that of itself shows itself in daylight or darkness
2. The Aristotelian determination of
a) Talk ( ) as a voice that means something ( ); and
b) The ostensive talk ( ) that reveals ( ) or conceals ( ) the existing world in affirming ( ) and denying ( ); the
c) The possibility of deception, the and the
d) The three aspects of . The factical existence of speaking as an authentic source of deception. Circumstantiality and elusiveness of the world
e) Speaking and the world in its possibilities of deception. The shift of the meaning of into illusion
f) and as the realm of the possibilities of the true and the false
Chapter Two
Present-day phenomenology in Husserl s self-interpretation
3. Recapitulation of the facts of the matter gathered from the interpretation of Aristotle. Anticipation of the predominance of care about the idea of certainty and evidence over freeing up possibilities of encountering fundamental facts of the matter
4. Consciousness as the theme of present-day phenomenology
a) Greek philosophy without a concept of consciousness
b) Phenomenology s breakthrough in Husserl s Logical Investigations and their basic tendency
c) The orientation of Greek philosophy and the question of its reversal
5. The theme of consciousness in the Logical Investigations
a) The Logical Investigations between a traditional orientation and primordial questioning
b) Ideal meaning and acts of meaning; emptily meaning something and meaning-fulfillment; consciousness as the region of experiences; intentional experiences as acts; consciousness as inner perception
6. The care about already known knowledge, in which consciousness stands
a) Care and its possibilities of disclosing, holding onto, and shaping what it takes care of; its commitment to and loss of itself in what it takes care of
b) Care about already known knowledge
7. Husserl s polemic with contemporary philosophy in the essay Philosophy as Rigorous Science and the care about already known knowledge at work in it. The general aim of this essay
8. Husserl s critique of naturalism
a) Naturalization of consciousness
b) Naturalization of ideas
c) Nature s being as experimental psychology s horizon
d) The peculiar being of consciousness as the true object of philosophy and the method of discerning essences to acquire universally binding sentences
9. Clarification of the problems as purification and radicalization of their bias. The care about securing and justifying an absolute scientific status
10. Clarification of problems
a) The question and its structures
b) The problem and the factors of its being: clarifying the problem as a matter of co-deciding on what is to be interrogated, what it is asked, the regard in question, and the tendency of the answer
c) Husserl s clarification of the tendency of the problem of naturalism through transcendental and eidetic purification of consciousness. Absolute validity and evidence
11. Order of the inquiry and clue to the explication of the structure of all experiential connections
a) Orientation toward connections among disciplines: philosophy as a science of norms and values
b) Theoretical knowing as the clue
12. Characteristic factors of care about already known knowledge in Husserl s critique of naturalism: back-flash, falling-prey, pre-constructing, ensnarement, neglect
13. Husserl s critique of historicism
a) The different basis of this critique
b) The neglect of human existence, in the deficient care, care about absolute, normative lawfulness
14. Critique of historicism on the path of the clarification of problems
a) Husserl s critique of Dilthey
b) Historical existence as the object of neglect
c) Origin and legitimacy of the contrast between matter of factness and validity
d) The reproach of skepticism and the care revealing itself therein, care about already known knowledge as anxiety in the face of existence
e) The preconceptions about existence at work in this care
15. Making more precise what care about already known knowledge is
a) Care about justified knowledge, about a universally binding character that is evident
b) To the matters themselves : care about matters prefigured by a universally binding character
c) Care about the rigor of science as derivative seriousness; the mathematical idea of rigor, uncritically set up as an absolute norm
16. Disclosing the thematic field of consciousness through the care about already known knowledge. Return to the historical, concrete instance of the care
a) Care s circumspection and aim
b) Descartes research as a factically-historical, concrete instance of the care in its disclosing of the thematic field of consciousness
PART TWO
RETURN TO DESCARTES AND THE SCHOLASTIC ONTOLOGY THAT DETERMINES HIM
Chapter One
Making sense of the return to Descartes by recalling what has been elaborated up to this point
17. The hermeneutic situation of the investigations up to this point and of those standing before us
18. Becoming free from the discipline and traditional possibilities as a way of becoming free for existence. Investigation as destruction in the ontological investigation of existence
19. Return to the genuine being of care about already known knowledge in its primordial past as a return to Descartes
20. Destruction as the path of the interpretation of existence. Three tasks for the explication of how, in its being, care about already known knowledge is disclosive. The question of the sense of the truth of knowledge in Descartes
Chapter Two
Descartes. The how and the what of the being-qua-disclosing of care about knowledge already known
21. Determinations of truth
22. Three possibilities of care about already known knowledge: curiosity, certitude, being binding
Chapter Three
Descartes determination of falsum and verum
23. Preview of the context of the question
24. The cogito sum, the clara et distincta perceptio, and the task of securing, in keeping with being, the criterion of truth
25. Descartes classification of the variety of cogitationes. The judicium as the place for the verum and falsum
26. The distinction between the idea as repraesentans aliquid and its repraesentatum; realitas objectiva and realitas formalis sive actualis [the distinction between the idea as representing something and what it represents; objective reality and formal or actual reality]
27. The question of the being of the falsum and error
a) The constitution of error: intellectus and voluntas as libertas; Descartes two concepts of freedom
b) The concursus of intellectus and voluntas [the concurrence of the intellect and the will] as the being of error. Theological problems as the foundation of both concepts of freedom
28. The sense of being of error: error as res and as privatio, as detrimental to the genuine being of the created human being (creatum esse). Perceptum esse and creatum esse as basic determinations of the esse of the res cogitans
Chapter Four
Going back to Scholastic ontology: the verum esse in Thomas Aquinas
29. The connection of the verum and the ens: being-true as a mode of being (De veritate, q. 1, art. 1)
30. The genuin