The Evolving Structure of South Africa’s Economy

Description

South Africa still faces low economic growth and high unemployment, coupled with the persistent challenges of poverty and inequality. These exert pressure on South Africa to foster structural transformation that will facilitate a more inclusive and resilient economy.

Authors apply multiple theoretical and empirical perspectives to take stock of the historical and contemporary structure of the South African economy, its evolving nature and possible future pathways. The explore how South Africa's structural transformation agenda is affected by the global context, and discuss debates on the extreme social impacts of globalised and financialised economic structures.

Contributors offer technical and analytical discussions of the overlapping structural faultlines that produce uneven economic performance. They explain the changes and continuities of South Africa's economic structure, bound by an analytical thread that centres power relations and political settlements. 

Varied chapters explain how poor governance and corruption have slowed down structural reform. This has been further exacerbated by the inconsistent availability of energy and the deterioration of logistics.

The book details the structural reforms and policy regimes necessary for increasing productive capacity in South Africa's agriculture, manufacturing, agro-processing. retail and services, energy and mining industries. It also reflects on the role that micro- and informal enterprises can play if afforded the necessary support. The technical details and analyses in the book highlight the need for a radical review of macroeconomic policy to reduce the country's chronic vulnerability to poverty and inequality.

Sujets

• Ethnic Studies
• Social Science
• Sociologie, société et politique

Informations

• Publié par: The Mapungubwe Institute for Strategic Reflection (MISTRA)
• Date de parution: 23 janvier 2024
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781920690403
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 19 Mo

Extrait

I N S T I T U T E F O R S T R A T E G I C R E F L E C T I O N A M ISTRA Publication THE EVOLVING STRUCTURE OF SOUTH AFRICA’S ECONOMY

Edited bySeeraj Mohamed, Amuzweni Ngoma and Basani Baloyi

The Evovîng Structure of South Afrîca’s Economy: Fautînes and Futures

E D I T E D B Y Seeraj Mohamed, Amuzwenî Ngoma and Basanî Baoyî

Fîrst pubîshed by the Mapungubwe Instîtute for Strategîc Relectîon (MISTRA) în 2023

142 Western Servîce Road Woodmead Johannesburg

ISBN 978-1-920690-39-7

© MISTRA, 2023

Productîon and desîgn by Jacana Medîa, 2023

Cover desîgn: HotHouse South Afrîca

Text edîtor: Aî Parry

Copy edîtor: Megan Mance

Proofreader: Aî Parry

Indexer: Aî Parry

Desîgner: Sam van Straaten

Set în Stempe Garamond 10.5/15pt

Pease cîte thîs pubîcatîon as foows: MISTRA. 2023.The Evolving Structure of South Africa’s Economy: Faultlines and Futures.Seeraj Mohamed, Amuzwenî Ngoma and Basanî Baoyî (eds). Johannesburg: Mapungubwe Instîtute for Strategîc Relectîon

A rîghts reserved. Wîthout îmîtîng the rîghts under copyrîght reserved above, no part of thîs pubîcatîon may be reproduced, stored în or întroduced înto a retrîeva system, or transmîtted, în any form or by any means (eectronîc, mechanîca, photocopyîng, recordîng or otherwîse), wîthout prîor wrîtten permîssîon of both the copyrîght hoder and the pubîsher of the book.

Thîs book îs sod subject to the condîtîon that ît sha not, by way of trade or otherwîse, be ent, re-sod, hîred out or otherwîse cîrcuated wîthout the pubîsher’s prîor consent în any form of bîndîng or cover other than that în whîch ît îs pubîshed and wîthout a sîmîar condîtîon beîng împosed on the subsequent purchaser.

Locatîngîndustrîapoîcyîndeveopmenta transformatîon: Lessons from the past, prospects for the future – Ben Fîne and Seeraj Mohamed22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BeyondtheMEC?Lîmîtsandprospectsînthe deveopment of South Afrîcan capîtaîsm – Samantha Ashman59. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WhyîstheSouthAfrîcaneconomystuckîn chronîc crîses? – Asghar Adezadeh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

P A R T 1 : E V O LV I N G S T R U C T U R E O F T H E S O U T H A F R I C A N E C O N O M Y

Chapter 3:

Chapter 2:

îîî

Chapter 1:

Acknowedgements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vîî Acronyms and abbrevîatîons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . îx Contrîbutors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvîî Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvî

–SeerajMohamed,AmuzwenîNgomaand Basanî Baoyî. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Introductîon

Contents

Chapter 4:

Vunerabîîtyînthespotîght:Relectîonson macroeconomîc management în a poycrîsîs – Eddîe Rakabe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 TheevoutîonofSouthAfrîca’seconomîcstructure: Key trends amongst the top 100 irms on the JSE – Thando Vîakazî and Teboho Bosîu168. . . . . . . . . . . . Confrontîngtheîndustrîaandempowerment împîcatîons of the energy transîtîon în South Afrîca – Ayabonga Cawe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Chapter 12:

P A R T 2 : S T R U C T U R A L C H A N G E A N D S E C T O R B A L A N C E S

Chapter 9: Chapter 10:

îv

Post-1994sectoraevoutîonandstructura transformatîon în the automotîve and agro-processîng manufacturîng sub-sectors and the grocery retaî sector – Reena Das Naîr and Jason Be. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Fromthemîneras–energycompextoajusttransîtîon? – Lucy Baker and Jesse Burton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 Theroeofspatîadeveopment,ogîstîcsandtransport în the South Afrîcan economy: Relectîons on îmmedîate and onger-term prîorîtîes –IrvîndraNaîdoo,MondeGqoî,VukanîNkasaand Nkuueko Gobhozî. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Lîftîngthecoonywhîeîmprovîngthemetropoîs: Addressîng duaîty în economîc deveopment – Joe Netshîtenzhe328. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SouthAfrîca:Regîonaîntegratîonandstructura transformatîon – Aan Hîrsch361. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 7:

Chapter 6:

Chapter 5:

The Evovîng Structure of South Afrîca’s Economy

Chapter 11:

Chapter 8:

Contents

P A R T 3 : G O V E R N A N C E , L A B O U R A N D L I V E L I H O O D S

Chapter 13:

Chapter 14:

Chapter 15:

Chapter 16:

Chapter 17:

Chapter 18:

Index

StructuratransformatîonînSouthAfrîca:Whobears the cost? The învîsîbe work of socîa reproductîon –BasanîBaoyî,MîrîamDîPaoaand Andrew Mukandîa384. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technoogîcaînnovatîon,thechangîngnatureof work and the împîcatîons for trade unîonîsm în post- apartheîd South Afrîca –ThabangSefaafaa,RuthCaste-Brancoand Musawenkosî H. Maabea421. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deveopmentastate,socîacompactîngandeconomîc recovery: South Afrîca’s experîences through the COVID-19 pandemîc – Yacoob Abba Omar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 Bîndîngconstraîntstodecîsîonmakîngongrowth: Perspectîves from heads of departments – Amuzwenî Ngoma and Busanî Ngcawenî469. . . . . . . PoîtîcasettementsandtherebuîdîngofSouth Afrîca’s state-owned enterprîses –MarkSwîîng,NînaCaaghanand Wendy McCaum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 Concusîon:Gettîngtoîncusîvegrowthand sustaînabe deveopment –AmuzwenîNgoma,SeerajMohamedand Basanî Baoyî. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561

v

Acknowedgements

The Mapungubwe Instîtute for Strategîc Relectîon (MISTRA) woud îke to express îts sîncere gratîtude to the edîtors of thîs voume: Seeraj Mohamed, Amuzwenî Ngoma and Basanî Baoyî. Thanks are aso extended to Wandîe Ngcawenî, the project coordînator. MISTRA îs honoured to have worked wîth the authors who contrîbuted to thîs voume, and extends îts profound thanks to them too. Gratîtude aso goes to the peer revîewers whose assîstance was învauabe în ensurîng the quaîty of thîs pubîcatîon. Thanks are aso due to the MISTRA staff who contrîbuted to the successfu outcome of thîs project: Prof Susan Booysen for her efforts to ensure that the pubîcatîon meets the hîghest standards; Dr Khwezî Mabasa who heped wîth project conceptuaîsatîon and înîtîatîon; Lorraîne Pîay for inancîa management wîth support from Magatî Nîndî-Gaenge; and Terry Shakînovsky for overseeîng the pubîcatîon process. Deepest gratîtude aso goes to Joe Netshîtenzhe for hîs thorough readîng of the manuscrîpt. MISTRA extends îts apprecîatîon to the productîon team: Aî Parry who edîted the text and Jacana Medîa who was responsîbe for the desîgn and ayout of the book.

MISTRA funders Inteectua endeavours of thîs magnîtude are not possîbe wîthout inancîa resources. MISTRA thanks the donors who support the Instîtute and make îts work possîbe. They încude:

Ango Amerîcan Patînum Ango Amerîcan Head Ofice

vîî

The Evovîng Structure of South Afrîca’s Economy

Batho Batho Trust Department of Scîence and Innovatîon Dîscovery Centra Servîces Frîedrîch-Ebert-Stîftung (FES) Harîth Partners Genera Natîona Instîtute for Humanîtîes and Socîa Scîences (NIHSS) Oppenheîmer Memorîa Trust (OMT) Roya Bafokeng Hodîngs She South Afrîca Sîmeka Capîta Hodîngs Standard Bank Transnet Yeowwoods

vîîî

Acronyms and abbrevîatîons

4IR ACSA ADRS AERS AfCFTA AFOLU AgrîBEE AI ANC APDP APSS ARDL AsgîSA AU AUKUS B4SA B-BBEE BBC BEE BLSA BRICS BUSA CAGR CBAM CCRED

CCSA CDE

Fourth Industrîa Revoutîon Aîrports Company South Afrîca Appîed Deveopment Research Soutîons Acceerated Economîc Recovery Strategy Afrîcan Contînenta Free Trade Area agrîcuture, forestry and other and use agrîcutura back economîc empowerment artîicîa înteîgence Afrîcan Natîona Congress Automotîve Productîon and Deveopment Programme Agro-Processîng Support Scheme autoregressîve dîstrîbuted ag Acceerated and Shared Growth Inîtîatîve for South Afrîca Afrîcan Unîon Austraîa, Unîted Kîngdom and Unîted States Busîness for South Afrîca broad-based back economîc empowerment Back Busîness Councî back economîc empowerment Busîness Leadershîp South Afrîca Brazî, Russîa, Indîa, Chîna, South Afrîca Busîness Unîty South Afrîca compound annua growth rate carbon border adjustment mechanîsm CentreforCompetîtîon,ReguatîonandEconomîc Deveopment Competîtîon Commîssîon South Afrîca Centre for Deveopment and Enterprîse

îx