What Holds the Arctic Together ?

Alain Faure, Robert Griffiths, Cécile Pelaudeix

Description

The Arctic region is undergoing dramatic transformation. With the melting of ice, the circumpolar region is subject to increasing forces of globalization, and navigating through the Northwest and the Northeast passages is rapidly emerging as a practical and commercial position. How can science calculate and assess the scale of change in this geographic space ? To what extent are the Native populations listened to and act as active participants in decision-making concerning the Arctic ? What is the present state of Arctic governance ? What role can be played by the others countries ?

Sujets

• Géographie
• Géographie
• Géographie
• Géographie
• Diplomatie
• Géopolitique
• Relations internationales

Informations

• Publié par: L'Harmattan
• Date de parution: 01 septembre 2012
• Nombre de lectures: 44
• EAN13: 9782296503113
• Langue: Français
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 3 Mo

Extrait

W HAT H OLDS THE A RCTIC T OGETHER ?

© L’Harmattan, 2012 5-7, rue de l’École-polytechnique ; 75005 Paris http://www.librairieharmattan.com [e-mail] [e-mail] ISBN : 978-2-296-99219-1 EAN : 9782296992191

Cécile Pelaudeix, Alain Faure & Robert Griffiths (eds)

W HAT H OLDS THE A RCTIC T OGETHER ?

Logiques politiques Collection dirigée par Yves Surel Créée en 1991 par Pierre Muller, la collection « Logiques politiques » a pour vocation principale de publier des ouvrages de science politique, ainsi que des livres traitant de thématiques politiques avec un autre angle disciplinaire (anthropologie, économie, philosophie, sociologie). Elle rassemble des recherches originales, tirées notamment de travaux de doctorat, ainsi que des ouvrages collectifs sur des problématiques contemporaines. Des séries thématiques sont également en cours de développement, l’une d’entre elles visant à publier des ouvrages de synthèse sur les systèmes politiques des États-membres de l’Union européenne. Dernières parutions Xabier ITÇAINA et Julien WEISBEIN (sous la dir.),Marées noires et politique. Gestion et contestations de la pollution duPrestigeen France et en Espagne. Christophe VOILLIOT,Éléments de science politique, 2010 Sous la direction de Sylvain BARONE et Aurélia TROUPEL, Battre la campagne. Élections et pouvoir municipal en milieu rural, 2010. Isabelle ENGELI,Les politiques de la reproduction, Les politiques d'avortement et de procréation médicalement assistée en France et en Suisse, 2010. André-Louis SANGUIN,André Siegfried. Un visionnaire humaniste entre géographie et politique, 2010. Bruno PALIER et Yves SUREL (dir.),Quand les politiques changent. Temporalités et niveaux de l’action publique, 2010. Amandine CRESPY et Mathieu PETITHOMME,L’Europe sous tensions, 2009. Laurent GODMER,Des élus régionaux à l’image des électeurs ? L’impératif représentatif en Allemagne, en Espagne et en France, 2009. Jaeho EUN,Sida et action publique. Une analyse du changement de politiques en France, 2009.

T ABLE OF CONTENTS List of acronyms........................................................................................................... 9 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... 10

P REFACE :T HE A RCTIC ANDTHE C ONFIGURATION OFTHE S TARS ................................................................................11 Alain Faure

I NTRODUCTION :T HE A RCTIC ,I NNOVATIVE T HINKING FORA N EW R EGION ? ...................................................................15 Cécile Pelaudeix

T OWARDS AN ICE - FREE A RCTIC O CEAN ? .......................................25 Jérôme Weiss

I GGIAGRUK IS MY I NUPIAQ NAME ....................................................43 William l. Iggiagruk Hensley

C ANADIAN A RCTIC S ECURITY AND C LIMATE C HANGE : G OING B EYOND A T RADITIONAL S ECURITY A PPROACH .......51 Heather N. Nicol

I NUIT G OVERNANCE IN A C HANGING E NVIRONMENT : A S CIENTIFIC ORA P OLITICAL P ROJECT ?..................................67 Cécile Pelaudeix

I NDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF R USSIA ASPOLITICALACTORS ............85 Natalie Novik

S USTAINABLE D EVELOPMENT ANDTHE G REENING OF S OVEREIGNTY INTHE C ANADIAN A RCTIC .........................93 Paule Halley & Marie-Eve Mercier

C ONTINENTAL S HELVES AND M ARITIME B OUNDARIES INTHE A RCTIC : THE N EW C OLD W AR W ILL N OT T AKE P LACE ........................................................... 107 Frédéric Lasserre

T OWARDS A C OMMON P OLAR N AVIGATION C ODE : WHENTHE A NTARCTIC AND THE A RCTIC C ONVERGE ............................. 123 Anne Choquet

E CONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE A RCTIC O CEAN : U NIVERSAL , R EGIONAL AND N ATIONAL R EGULATION ...... 137 Alexander N. Vylegzhanin

N ORTHERN G EOPOLITICS IN F LUX :F ROMAFRONTIER MENTALITY TOPEACEFULCOOPERATION ............................. 151 Lassi Heininen

I NTERNATIONAL AND R EGIONAL R EGULATION OF THE A RCTIC : ISTHEREAROLEFORTHE E UROPEAN U NION ? ... 169 Clive Archer

C ONCLUDING R EMARKS :T HE N EW M EDITERRANEAN ........... 183 Robert Howell Griffiths

N OTES ON C ONTRIBUTORS ............................................................ 191

L IST OF ACRONYMS

AC ACAP AEPS AMAP ARHC ANCSA AWPPA CAFF CFNA COMNAP CLCS EEA EEZ EP EU IAATO IACS ICC ICCPR IHO ILC IMO IPCC JBNQA MARPOL MEPC MSC NAO NATO NDPTL NEAFC NILCA OSPAR

PAME PIOMAS SDWG SOLAS STCW

UNCLOS UNDRIP

Arctic Council Arctic Contaminants Action Program Arctic Environmental Program Strategy Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program Arctic Regional Hydrographic Commission Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna Canadian Forces Northern Area Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf European Economic Area Exclusive Economic Zone European Parliament European Union International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators International Association of Classification Societies Inuit Circumpolar Council International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Hydrographic Organization International Law Commission International Maritime Organization Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement Internal Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships Marine Environment Protection Committee Maritime Safety Committee North Atlantic Oscillation North Atlantic Treaty Organization Northern Dimension Partnership for Transport and Logistics North-East Atlantic Fisheries Convention Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement Oslo and Paris Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modelling and Assimilation System Sustainable Development Working Group International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea InternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,Certificationand Watchkeeping for Seafarers United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea United Nations Declaration of the Rights on Indigenous Peoples

A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Grenoble Centre for Canadian Studies has addressed the subject of the Canadian Arctic for more than seven years, through courses offered on Canada at the GrenobleInstitut d’Etudes Politiques as well as through participation of its members in international conferences. The Grenoble Centre organized the International Conference entitled st “The Arctic: Geopolitical Issues and Equations in the 21 Century”, which rd took place in Lyon in 2010 as part of the 23 edition of theEntretiens Jacques Cartierlinking the Rhône-Alpes Region of France with Quebec. As a follow- up to this event, which was the first of its kind in France, a further Conference took place in Montreal one year later. This was entitled “The Arctic in Transition” and it was organized by theChaire Raoul Dandurand at the Université du Québec à Montréal. Both of these Conferences provide eloquent testimony of the dynamic cooperation and close collaboration between the French and the Canadian scientific communities on Arctic issues. The Grenoble Centre for Canadian Studies expresses its warm thanks to the Canadian Embassy in Paris for the continuous support of the Centre’s research activities (and a support valiantly upheld recently in very difficult times!). The title of this book derives from the Centre’s use of the phrase “What Holds Canada Together” in the title of several of its Conferences, and subsequently in a book published by L’Harmattan, entitledLa Société Canadienne en Débats: What holds Canada together?Faure and Griffiths, (eds. 2008). Although that book was written entirely in French, the subtitle was retained in its English form because its direct translation into French proved a little shaky and controversial. Here, in an even more apposite context - What Holds the Arctic Together?– we have gone one stage further (at the risk of furrowing a few brows) in retaining the English language not only for the title, but also for the whole book. The Editors stress that this is because contributors include not only French and French Canadians, but also Russian, Finnish, Scandinavian, British, American and English Canadian researchers and we wish to reach the widest possible readership. C.P., A.F., R.G., May 2012