We Have Crossed Many Rivers
388 pages
English

Découvre YouScribe en t'inscrivant gratuitement

Je m'inscris

We Have Crossed Many Rivers , livre ebook

-

Découvre YouScribe en t'inscrivant gratuitement

Je m'inscris
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne
En savoir plus
388 pages
English
Obtenez un accès à la bibliothèque pour le consulter en ligne
En savoir plus

Description

We Have Crossed Many Rivers: New Poetry from Africa is a fascinating anthology of some of the finest contemporary poetic voices from twenty-nine African countries. Inspired by the examples of first generation African poets like Wole Soyinka, Christopher Okigbo, Dennis Brutus, and Mazisi Kunene, the poets in this anthology display rootedness in, and preoccupation with, the discourses of identity and political freedom. At the same time, they engage the more contemporary themes of human and economic rights, governance, the natural environment, love, family and generational relations representative of the African continent. Poems from Tanure Ojaide, Yewande Omotoso, Reesom Haile and Frank Chipasula are inlcluded and in all there are contributions from 68 poets.

Sujets

Informations

Publié par
Date de parution 31 juillet 2012
Nombre de lectures 1
EAN13 9789788422877
Langue English
Poids de l'ouvrage 4 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,0088€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

:H +DYH &URVVHG 0DQ\ 5LYHUV
‡™ ‘‡–”› ˆ”‘ ˆ”‹…ƒ
0DOWKRXVH$IULFDQ3RHWU\ †”‹• ƒŽ‹ǡ ‡‡”ƒŽ• ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ” Ǥ Ǥ Žƒ”ǡ ‘– ˆ”‘ ƒ”ƒ†‹•‡ ‡•‹‡”‡ ”‹•‹„‡Ǧ‘”‰—ǡ‡ˆŽ‡…–‹‘• ƒ””› ƒ”—„ƒǡ‘‹…‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‹‰‡ƒ„ƒ Ž‘ ‹›‘‰ǡ ‘ƒ‰‡ –‘ ›ƒ‡ ‰‡Žƒ ‹”‹ǡ—‹‰ ƒ–‡”• ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ǡŠ‡ †Ž‡•• ‘‰ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ǡ ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ —Ž–—”‡• Ƭ –Š‡” ‘‡•ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ǡŠ‡ ƒ›†”‡ƒ ‘ˆ –• ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ Š‡ ‡ƒ—–› ƒ˜‡ ‡‡‹‡ ‘”‘ǡƒ…‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”– ‹‡ ‘”‘ ȋ‡†ǤȌ…Š‘‡• ”‘ –Š‡ ‘—–ƒ‹ „› ƒœ‹•‹ —‡‡‹‡ ‘”‘ ȋ‡†ǤȌ ‘‰ ”‡ƒǣ ‘‡• „› ‘‰„—Ž‡ ‘‘†‹ƒ›‘ Žƒˆ‹‘›‡ǡ””‘™Š‡ƒ†• –‘ › ‡ƒ”–ƒ›‘ Žƒˆ‹‘›‡ǡ –”‘‡ ‘ˆ ‘’‡ „—„ƒƒ” –ŠƒǡŠ‡ ƒŽ ‘ˆ ‹‡
:H +DYH &URVVHG 0DQ\ 5LYHUV ‡™ ‘‡–”› ˆ”‘ ˆ”‹…ƒ
(GLWHG %\ GLNr RNRUR
SXEOLVKHG E\ 0DOWKRXVH 3UHVV /LPLWHG  2QLWDQD 6WUHHW 2II 6WDGLXP +RWHO 5RDG 6XUXOHUH /DJRV /DJRV 6WDWH (PDLOPDOWKRXVHBSUHVV#\DKRRFRP 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‹ 'LNH 2NRUR  )LUVW 3XEOLVKHG  ,6%1  'LVWULEXWRUV$IULFDQ %RRNV &ROOHFWLYH /WG (PDLO DEF#DIULFDQERRNVFROOHFWLYHFRP :HEVLWH KWWSZZZDIULFDQERRNVFROOHFWLYHFRP
'HGLFDWLRQ
7R WKH 0HPRU\ RI 0\ 0RWKHU &ODUD 2NRUR
$FNQRZOHGJHPHQWV Š‡ ‡†‹–‘” ƒ† Š‹• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡” ‰”ƒ–‡ˆ—ŽŽ› ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Š‡ ‘’‡–• –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ …‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡”• ˆ‘” ’‡”•‹•‹‘ –‘ ”‡’”‹– –Š‡ ’‘‡• ‹ –Š‹• ƒ–Š‘Ž‘‰›ǣ DzŠƒ– Žƒ ƒ›•dzǡ Dz‡™• ˆ”‘ ƒ”Ž‡dzǡ Ƭ Dz‡™ ƒ‡dzǡ ƒŽŽ —’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ǡ —•‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ’‡”‹••‹‘ ȋ™ƒ‡ ƒ™‡•ȌǢDzŠ‡ ‹˜‡” ‹• ‹•‹‰dzǡ „› ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š ‡•Ž‡›Ǣ …‘’›”‹‰Š–ǣŠ‡ ‹˜‡” ‹• ‹•‹‰ǡ Ƭ —–— ‘—•‡ ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲ͹Ǥ Dz‘‹‰ ‘‡ǣ ˆ‘” ‡•‹‡Ǧ›‡•—ƒŠǡdz „› ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š ‡•Ž‡›Ǣ …‘’›”‹‰Š–ǣŠ‡ ‹˜‡” ‹• ‹•‹‰ǡƬ —–— ‘—•‡”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲ͹Ǣ Dz‡ ‡’ƒ”–‡† —” ‘‡Žƒ†• ƒ† ‡ ƒ‡ǡdz ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š ‡•Ž‡›ǣ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǣ ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š ‡•Ž‡›ǡŠ‡”‡ –Š‡ ‘ƒ† —”•ǡ Ƭ —–— ‘—•‡ ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͳͲǤ DzŠ‡ ‘”‘˜‹ƒ ‹•‡•dz ˆ‹”•– ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹Žƒ… ‡ƒ‹••ƒ…‡ ‘‹”‡ǣ ‘ŽǤ ͳͳ ••—‡ ʹǦ͵ǡ ’”‹‰ ʹͲͳʹǤ DzŠ‡ ƒ‹ –‘”dzǣ ”‘ ‡”ƒŽ† ‘‘”‡ Ƭ ŽŽ‹ ‡‹‡”ǡ ‡†•ǤŠ‡ ‡‰—‹ ‘†‡” ˆ”‹…ƒ ‘‡–”›Ǥ ‘†‘ǣ ‡‰—‹ǡ ͳͻͻͺǤdzŠ‡ ‹••dz ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† „› ”ƒ Š‹’ƒ•—Žƒǡ ‡†ǡ ‹‡†‹‰ –Š‡ ‘™ǣ  –Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‘˜‡ ‘‡–”›Ǥ ƒ”„‘†ƒŽ‡ǡ Ǥ ‘—–Š‡” ŽŽ‹‘‹• ‹˜‡”•‹–› ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲͻǤ Dzƒ‡– ˆ‘” ƒ ‡ŽŽ‡” ‘ˆ ƒŽ‡• ‘•– ‹ ƒ ‡ƒ•‘ ‘ˆ  dzǡ ”‘ ”‘…‡ŽŽƒ ™‹•Šƒ ™ƒ‹ƒ Ƭ ›—†ƒ ›ƒ —„ƒ‰‘ǡ ‡†•Ǥ ‡ ‡•–‹ ‹“—‡ †‡ ‘› ƒ„— ƒ•‹Ǥ ˜”›Ǧ•—”Ǧ‡‹‡ǡ ”ƒ…‡ǣ ‹Ž‡šȀ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡• †— —†ǡ ʹͲͲͲǤ Dz ƒ˜‡ǯ– ‡ ‘”‰‘––‡ ‘‡–Š‹‰ǡdz ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ Dz ‘‰ ‹ ’”‹‰ ȋˆ‘” ƒ•ƒ—‘Ȍdzǡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ”› Ž›’‹ƒ• ȋ‘•–‘ǣ ‘”†Ǧ”‘™ǡ ͳͻͻʹȌǤ Dz ‹•–‘”‹‡•ǡdz Ƭ Dzƒ…–‹ˆ‹…—ǡdz ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ ƒ…–‹ˆ‹…—ǡ ‘’’‡” ƒ›‘ ”‡••Ǥ ‘–Š ƒ’’‡ƒ” Š‡”‡ „› ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ’‡”‹••‹‘ ȋŠ”‹• „ƒ‹ȌǤ Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ’‘‡• „› ‰ƒ‰ƒ ˆ‘™‘†‘ǣ Dz ‘‡Žƒ†dz Ƭ Dz ‘” ‘”‹‘†‡dz –ƒ‡ ”‘ ‘‡Žƒ† ƒ† –Š‡” ‘‡•ǡ ”‡˜‹•‡† ‡†‹–‹‘ ȋ”‡–‘ǡ  ǣ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‘”Ž† ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲͺǤ —„Ž‹•Š ‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ Dz ‹•–‘”› ‡••‘dz „› ‰ƒ‰ƒ ˆ‘™‘†‘ ˆ‹”•– ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹ǣ”—˜‘‹…‡• ‡˜—‡ǡ ˜‘ŽǤ ͳ͵ǡ ‘•Ǥ ͳ Ƭ ʹǡ ’”‹‰Ǧ—‡” ʹͲͲͷǢ Dz ”‡‡–‘™dz „› ‰ƒ‰ƒ ˆ‘™‘†‘ ˆ‹”•– ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ǣ‘‡–”› –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡ ’‡…‹ƒŽ ‘—„Ž‡ ••—‡ ‡ƒ–—”‹‰ ‰Ž‹•Š ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‘‡–”› ˆ”‘ ”‘—† –Š‡ ‘”Ž†ǡ ͹Ȁͺ ʹͲͲ͵ǦͶǡ ƒ† ‹…Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‡ ƒ–Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ‘‹…‡• ˆ”‘ ƒŽŽ
˜‡”ǣ ‘‡• ™‹–Š ‘–‡• ƒ† …–‹˜‹–‹‡•ǡ ‡†Ǥ —•–— ‘œƒ‹ ȋƒ’‡ ‘™ǣ šˆ‘”†ǡʹͲͲ͸ȌǤDz‘†—‹•Š‘—ǡ‘”†—‰ƒ”†ǡdz„›‰ƒ‰ƒ ˆ‘™‘†‘ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹ǣ ”‘ƒ†‹„ƒ ȋ”‡–‘  ǣ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‘”Ž† ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲ͵ȌǢ Dz”‘…‡–‹•–‘‘Šƒ‰dzƬDz‹Ž‡”‘…‡••‹‘dzƒ’’‡ƒ”„›ƒ—–Š‘ǯ•”’‡”‹••‹‘ ȋƒ––Š‡™ Š‡‘†ƒȌǢ Dz‡–™‡‡ ‡‹‰Š„‘” Ƭ ƒ–‹‘dzǣ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† „› ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ’‡”‹••‹‘ ȋƒ––Š‡™ Š‡‘†ƒȌ Ƭ‡ƒ•‘• ‘ˆ ‘–—•ǡ ‡ƒ•‘• ‘ˆ ‘‡•ǡ  †‹–‹‘•ǡ ʹͲͲͻǤ Dz™‘‰‘dz Ƭ Dzƒ”dz „› Ž‡šƒ†”‡ ‹‡›‹ ƒ’’‡ƒ” „› ’‡”‹••‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ˆƒ‹Ž›Ǥ Dz‘‰ ˆ‘” ‘•– ”—‹–•ǡdz Dzƒ‹–‹‰ǡdz Dz ”‘‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‹†dzǡ Dz Ž‘™‡”• ‹ –Š‡ ‘„dz „› Š‹ƒŽ— ™ƒ™‘ Ƭ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‡”‹–ƒ‰‡ ”‡•• ‡”‹••‹‘Ǣ ‘ˆ‹ ›‹†‘Š‘ –‘ ‡‹‡ƒ †—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘‘• ƒ† ˆ”‹…ƒ ‘‡–ƒ”›Ǣ ˆ‘” ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ –‘ ‡” ‘–”ƒ ˆ‘” Dz‘ –Š‡ ƒŒƒ ‡‡†dz ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”Ǣ ˆ‘” ‹Œƒ ƒŽŽƒŠ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ –‘ —’‡‰ƒ ’Šƒ†‡ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ –‘ š‘Ž‹•‹ ›‡œ™ƒ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ ƒ—‡Ž ‹‰ƒ—‡ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ ˆ‘” „‹œ‘ Š‹”ƒ•Šƒ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ ˆ‘” ”‹…‡ ‡•ƒŠ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ ˆ‘” ‘Žƒ† ƒ‘Ž‡ ƒ”‡ ˆ‘” ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ’—„Ž‹•ŠǢ Dz ‘ ”ƒœ›  ˜‡” ‡dz „› ƒ„ƒ ‹†ƒ‡ ˆ‹”•– ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹Š‘ •ƒ‹† ‡”Šƒ™‹ ‹• †‡ƒ†dzǣ ‘–‡’‘”ƒ”› ”‹–”‡ƒ ‘‡–”› ‹ ‹‰”‹›ƒǡ ‹‰”‡ǡ ƒ† ”ƒ„‹…Ǥ ”ƒ•Žƒ–‡† „› Šƒ”Ž‡• ƒ–ƒŽ—’‘ ƒ† Š‹”ƒ‹ ‡‰ƒ•Šǡ ‡†•Ǥ •‡† „› ’‡”‹••‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡†”‹ —„Ž‹•Š‡”•Ǣ ‡‡•‘ ƒ‹Ž‡ ’‘‡• ƒ”‡ –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘‡ ƒ˜‡ —” ‘‹…‡ȋƒ™”‡…‡˜‹ŽŽ‡  Ƭ •ƒ”ƒǣ ‡† ‡ƒ ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲͲȌ ƒ† ‡ ˜‡–‡† –Š‡ Š‡‡Ž Ƭ •ƒ”ƒǣ ‡† ‡ƒ ”‡••ǡ ʹͲͲʹȌǢ •‡† „› ȋƒ™”‡…‡˜‹ŽŽ‡ ’‡”‹••‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡”•Ǣ Dz‡‡„‡”‹‰ ƒŠ‡Ždz „› ƒ—Ž‘• ‡–ƒ„ƒ› ˆ‹”•– ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† ‹ ƒ––ƒ’ƒŽŽƒš ͳ͵ǣ ͷͲǦͷͳǤ ʹͲͲ͸Ǣ ƒ†‘— ƒ‹‡ ƒŽŽǡ –‘ †‹–‹‘• ‹‘…‹‹ ƒ† ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡• †‹–‹‘•Ǣ ˆ‘” ƒŽŽƒ ‘—••‹”ƒǡ –‘ ‘—˜‡ŽŽ‡• †‹–‹‘•Ǣ ˆ‘” „‡ƒ ǤǤ —•‹ƒǡ –‘ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‡”‹–ƒ‰‡ ”‡••Ǣ ˆ‘” ›Ž Š‡‡› ‘‡”ǡ –‘ ‡‹‡ƒ †—…ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘‘•Ǣ ˆ‘” ›ƒ‹†‡ ƒœ‡Ž‡›ǡ –‘ ‘”ƒ ”‡•• ƒ† ‘‡ǯ• ”‡••Ǥ Š‡ ‡†‹–‘” ƒ† Š‹• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡” ƒŽ•‘ ‰”ƒ–‡ˆ—ŽŽ› ƒ…‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ƒ—•–‹‡ ‘ƒ–‡‰ ›‹ƒ ˆ‘” –”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘• ˆ”‘ ”‡…Š –‘ ‰Ž‹•Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘‡• „› ‡”‘‹“—‡ ƒ†Œ‘ ƒ† ƒ†‘— ƒ‹‡ ƒŽŽǢ ’‘‡• „› ƒŠƒ ƒ‹ǡ ƒ• ‹ŽƒŽ‹ǡ „†‡•Žƒ ‡•„ƒŠǡ ‘Šƒ ‡† ƒ‹† ƒ‹Šƒ‹ǡ „†‡Žƒ”‹ ƒ„„ƒŽ ƒ† ‘Šƒ‡† ƒ‹† ƒ‹Šƒ‹ ƒŽŽ ƒ’’‡ƒ” „› ’‡”‹••‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”• ƒ† ƒ• –”ƒ•Žƒ–‡† „› ‘Šƒ‡† ƒ‹† ƒ‹Šƒ‹Ǥ Š‡”‡ ‹– ™ƒ• ‘– ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ …‘–ƒ…– ’‘‡–• ‘” –Š‡‹” ’—„Ž‹•Š‡”• „› –Š‡ –‹‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ’—„Ž‹…ƒ–‹‘ǡ ™‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š –Š‡ ™‘”• ‹ –Š‡ Š‘’‡ ‘ˆ ƒ†˜ƒ…‹‰ –Š‡ ’‘‡–ǯ• ”‡’—–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡ ƒ’‘Ž‘‰‹œ‡ ˆ‘” ƒ› ‡””‘”• ƒ†Ȁ‘” ‘‹••‹‘• ‹ –Š‹• ˜‘Ž—‡ǡ ƒ† ™‡Ž…‘‡ ƒ› “—‡”‹‡• ‘” …‘””‡…–‹‘• ˆ‘” ˆ—–—”‡ ‡†‹–‹‘•Ǥ
,QWURGXFWLRQ Š‹• ˜‘Ž—‡ ƒ––‡’–• –‘ •Š‘™…ƒ•‡ ƒ† …‘–‡š–—ƒŽ‹œ‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ† ‡‡”‰‹‰ ’‘‡–‹… ˜‘‹…‡• ‘ˆ …‘–‡’‘”ƒ”› ˆ”‹…ƒ „› …”‡ƒ–‹‰ ƒ ‡† ‹— –Š”‘—‰Š ™Š‹…Š –Š‡› ƒ› „‡ ”‡ƒ† ƒ• –Š‡› ‡‰ƒ‰‡ ‹ †‹ƒŽ‘‰—‡ ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‹Ž‹‡—Ǥ  ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘‡• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ „› ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ† ‡ ‡”‰‹‰ ’‘‡–• „‘” ‘ –Š‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ …‘–‹‡– „—– ƒ”‡ ‘™ ”‡•‹†‡– ‹ –Š‡ ‡•–Ǥ Ž•‘ǡ ’‘‡–• „‘” ‘ –Š‡ …‘–‹‡– ƒ† …—””‡–Ž› •‡”˜‹‰ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹…‹ƒ• ‹ ˆ”‹…ƒ —‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ǡ ’‘‡–• ™‘”‹‰ ‘—–•‹†‡ ‘ˆ ƒ…ƒ†‡‹ƒǡ ƒ† –Š‘•‡ ’‘‡–• …—””‡–Ž›ƒ‹‰–Š‡‹”ƒ”‹–Š‡…‘–‹‡–ǯ•’‘‡–‹…‹…”…—‹–•ƒ”‡”‡’”‡•‡–‡†Ǥ „‘˜‡ ƒŽŽǡ –Š‹• …‘ŽŽ‡…–‹‘ ƒ––‡’–• –‘ •Š‘™ –Š‡ ‹† ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‹–› ‹ ˆ‘” ƒ† ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡‡• –Šƒ– ”‡˜‡ƒŽ –Š‡ ƒ––‡’– –‘ —•‡ Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡ –‘ ‡‰ƒ‰‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ ‹Ž‹‡—Ǥ  • ‡†‹–‘”ǡ Šƒ˜‡ ”‡ƒ† ƒ† •‡Ž‡…–‡† ’‘‡• –Šƒ– ™‘” ƒŽ‘ ‰ –Š‡ Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– –Š‡ ‹‰‡”‹ƒ •…Š‘Žƒ”Ǧ’‘‡– ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ ƒ• Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡ –Šƒ– ”‡’”‘†—…‡• •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡•Ǥ Š‹• ‹• ƒ ƒŒ‘” ”‘Ž‡ –Š‡ ’‘ ‡• ‹…Ž—†‡† ‹ –Š‹• „‘‘ •‡”˜‡Ǥ ƒ…Š ’‘‡ ‡”‹–• ‹–• ‘™ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ ƒ† •–”ƒ††Ž‡• –Š‡ ‹†‡‘Ž‘‰› –Šƒ– ‹•’‹”‡† –Š‹• „‘‘ǣ –‘ •Š‘™…ƒ•‡ –Š” ‘—‰Š …‘–‡’‘”ƒ”› ˆ”‹…ƒ ’‘‡–”› Š‘™ ˆ”‹…ƒ ’‘‡–• —•‡ ƒ”– –‘ ‹ŽŽ—•– ”ƒ–‡ –Š‡‹” ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š‹…ƒŽǡ …—Ž–—”ƒŽǡ ‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹…ƒŽǡ •’‹”‹–—ƒŽǡ ’‘Ž ‹–‹…ƒŽ ƒ† •‘…‹‘Ž‘‰‹…ƒŽ –‹‡• –‘ –Š‡ …‘–‹‡–Ǥ › ‘ ‡ƒ• ƒ”‡ –Š‡•‡ ’‘‡• ‡”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ˜‘‹…‡• •–ƒ‹‰ Š‘Ž† –‘ –Š‡‹” ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ˆ” ‹…ƒ•Ǥ ƒ–Š‡”ǡ –Š‡•‡ ’‘‡• ƒ”‡ …‘•…‹‘—• –‡š–• „‡…ƒ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‡”‹‘—• …‘‡…–‹‘• –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡ Š—ƒ …‘†‹–‹‘ǡ ’Ž‹‰ Š– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ǡ ’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ Š‹•–‘”›ǡ …—Ž–—”‡ǡ „‡ƒ—–›ǡ „‘–Š ’Š›•‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ† •’‹”‹–—ƒŽŽ›ǡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ …‘–‹‡– ‘ˆ ˆ”‹…ƒ ƒ† ‹–• ’‡‘’Ž‡•Ǥ   ‘” ›‡ƒ”•ǡ ˆ”‹…ƒ Šƒ• „‡‡ ‘–‡† ˆ‘” ‹–• …‹˜‹Ž ™ƒ”• ƒ† ‡–Š‹… …‘ˆŽ‹…–• –Šƒ– ‘ˆ–‡ ”‡•—Ž– ‹ Ž‘•• ‘ˆ Ž‹˜‡•ǡ ‰‡‘…‹†‡ ƒ† ’‡”ƒ‡–Ž› •…ƒ””‹‰ ‡–Š‹… ‰”‘—’•Ǥ Š‡ ’‘‡–• ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š ‡•Ž‡›ǡ ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ǡ ‰ƒ‰ƒ ˆ‘™‘†‘ǡ ‡Œƒ‹ ™ƒ›‡ǡ Ž‡šƒ†”‡ ‹‡›‹ǡ ƒ† ƒ› ‘–Š‡”• ’”‘ˆ‘—†Ž› †‡ƒŽ ™‹–Š –Š‡•‡ …‘ˆŽ‹…–• –Š‡ƒ–‹…ƒŽŽ› ‹ …”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™ƒ›• –Šƒ–
ƒ‡ –Š‡‹” Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‡‘”ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ”‡ƒ†‡”•Ǥ Š”‘—‰Š •–”‹‹‰ ‹ƒ‰‡• –Šƒ– ‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡ –Š‡ Šƒ”•Š Ž‹˜‹‰ …‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ‹ ƒ –‹‡ ‘ˆ ™ƒ”ǡ –Š‡ „”—–ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ ‡–Š‹… ˜‹‘Ž‡…‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› ‰”‡‡† ƒ† ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ ƒ†˜‡”•‡ ‡ˆˆ‡…– ‘ˆ ™ƒ” …”‹‡• ‘ –Š‡ Ž‹˜‡• ‘ˆ •—”˜‹˜‘”• ™‡ •‡‡ Š‘’‡ ƒ† Ž‘›ƒŽ–› –‘ –”—–Š ’”‘Œ‡…–‡† ‹ –Š‡•‡ ’‘‡•Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡› ƒ› ‘– „‡ •‡”˜‹‰ †‡–‡””‡–• –‘ –Š‡ …”‹‡• …‘‹––‡† ‘” ƒ…–‹‘• ‡ˆ‘”…‹‰ –Š‡ Šƒ† ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ™ǡ –Š‡› …‘˜‡› ‡–Š‹…ƒŽ ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‡‡†‡† ‘™ ƒ† ‘”‡ –Šƒ ‡˜‡” –‘ ‡†—…ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ›‘—‰ ƒ† ƒ†—Ž–• ‡”‘ŽŽ‡† ‹ •…Š‘‘Ž• ƒ…”‘•• –Š‡ …‘–‹‡– ƒ† ’‘‡–”› Ž‘˜‡”• ƒ…”‘•• –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ǡ ™Š‘ ƒ†‹”‡ “—ƒŽ‹–› ’‘‡–”›ǡ ‹””‡•’‡…–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ ™Š‡”‡ ‹– ‹• ™”‹––‡ ‘” ™Šƒ– …—Ž–—”‡ ‹ˆ‘”• ‹–• …‘’‘•‹–‹‘Ǥ  Ž‹‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• ƒ–Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ‘ˆ ˆ”‹…ƒ ’‘‡–”› –Šƒ– •‡‡ ‡† –‘ „‡ †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› ƒŽ‡ ˜‘‹…‡•ǡ –Š‹• ƒ–Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ––‡’–• –‘ •–”‹‡ ƒ „ƒŽƒ…‡ ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ‰‡†‡” ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ˆƒ…–ǡ –Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ‘Ž› ƒ–Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ ˆ”‹…ƒ ’‘‡–”› ˆ‡ƒ–—”‹‰ ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ ˜‘‹…‡• …‘’ƒ”ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” ƒŽ‡ …‘—–‡”’ƒ”–•Ǥ  Žƒ”‰‡ ’ƒ”– –Š‹• ƒ•’‡…– ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‘‘ Šƒ• ‘”‡ –‘ †‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ “—ƒŽ‹–› ”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ ƒ ‡”‡ ƒ––‡’– ƒ– ˆ‹š ‹‰ ƒ ‰‡†‡” ‘” –Šƒ– Šƒ• „‡‡ Š‡ƒ˜‹Ž› …”‹–‹…‹œ‡† ˆ‘” †‡…ƒ†‡•Ǥ Š‡ ™‘‡ ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡† ‹ –Š‹• „‘‘ ƒ”‡ ‘•–Ž› ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† …”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™”‹–‡”•ǡ —‹˜‡”•‹–› ’”‘ˆ‡••‘”•ǡ Œ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–•ǡ Š •–—†‡–• ‹ –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ‘ˆ ‰Ž‹•Š ƒ † ‹†‡’‡†‡– ™”‹–‡”•Ǥ ƒ…Š‹ †‹‘”ƒǦœ‡‹‰„‘ǡ ƒ–”‹…‹ƒ ƒ„„‡Š  ‡•Ž‡›ǡ ‘›…‡ •Š—–ƒ–ƒ‰ǡ ‘•‡ƒ”› ‘••‘ǡ ƒƒŒƒ ƒ”„‹ǡ ”Œƒ ƒŽƒˆ”ƒ…ƒǡ •ƒ„‡ ƒ„‹” •ƒǡ ‘ŽŽ‡‡ ‹‰‰•ǡ ƒ–ŠƒŽ‹‡ –‘‡ǡ —‘‡ ‡”‹••‹‘ǡ ‡––› ‹˜›ƒ„ƒ†‹ǡ ‡‡‘ ƒ›‘Œ‘ǡ ‡––› ‹˜›ƒ„ƒ†‹ǡ ‰—‡„‡” ‹…› ›Ž˜‡•–‡”ǡ ™‡†™ƒ „ƒƒ„— ƒ† ƒ„ƒ ‹†ƒ‡ǡ ƒ‘‰ ‘–Š‡”•ǡ •Šƒ”‡ ƒ …‘‘ ‰‘ƒŽǣ —•‹‰ –Š‡‹” ’‘‡–‹… Ž‡• –‘ ‹•’‹”‡ǡ ‡Ž‹‰Š–‡ ƒ† †ƒœœŽ‡ –Š‡‹” ”‡ƒ†‡”•Š‹’Ǥ  ‡ƒ…Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‘‡• …‘–”‹„—–‡† „› –Š‡•‡ ™‘ ‡ ™‡ ˆ‹† ‡š’‡”‹‡…‡• ‡”‹…Š‡† „› Š—ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ǡ ƒ„•‡…‡ǡ Ž‘˜‡ǡ ‡š‹Ž‡ǡ ‘•–ƒŽ‰‹ƒ ˆ‘” …Š‹Ž†Š‘‘†ǡ ‡†‹–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ Š‹•–‘”›ǡ ƒˆˆ‡…–‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ …‘–‹‡–ǡ …Š‹Ž†Š‘‘†ǡ ™ƒ”•ǡ ˆ”‡‡†‘ǡ ˆ‡‹‹‹–›ǡ ˆƒ‹Ž› –‹‡•ǡ Ž ‘˜‡ ˆ‘” Š—ƒ‹–›ǡ ‡’ƒ–Š› ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’‘‘”ǡ ‹–‹ƒ–‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ǡ ‘–Š‡”Ǧ †ƒ—‰Š–‡” ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•ǡ —†›‹‰ Ž‘˜‡ ˆ‘” –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ ƒ† …—Ž–—”‡ǡ ƒ† —‡”‘—• ‘–Š‡” –Š‡‡• –Šƒ– ƒ†† ˜‹–ƒŽ‹–› –‘ Ž‹ˆ‡ ƒ† ‡š‹•–‡…‡Ǥ  Š‡ ƒˆ‘”‡‡–‹‘‡† –Š‡‡• ƒŽ•‘ ”‡•‘ƒ–‡ ‹ –Š‡ ’‘‡• …‘–”‹„—–‡† „› –Š‡ ƒŒ‘”‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽ‡ ’‘‡–• •—…Š ƒ• —’‡‰ƒ ’Šƒ†‡ǡ ƒ—”‡ Œƒ‹†‡ǡ ™ƒ‡ ƒ™‡•ǡ ‹‡ ‘”‘ǡ ƒ† ”ƒ Š‹’ƒ•—Žƒǡ ƒ‘‰ ‘–Š‡”•ǡ ™Š‘ †‡ƒŽ ™‹–Š –Š‡ –Š‡‡ ‘ˆ Ž‘•• ‡š…‡ŽŽ‡–Ž›Ǥ Š‡‹” ’‘‡• ’‘••‡•• –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ƒ„‹†‹‰ •‡•‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ…Š‘”‡† „› ‡‘–‹˜‡ †‹…–‹‘ ƒ† ‡‘”ƒ„Ž‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ’‘‡ Dz‡‡„‡”‹‰dz ™Š‹…Š ‹•
  • Univers Univers
  • Ebooks Ebooks
  • Livres audio Livres audio
  • Presse Presse
  • Podcasts Podcasts
  • BD BD
  • Documents Documents