D-Day in the Pacific

Harold J. Goldberg

Description

A dramatic account of the bloody fight for Saipan, June 1944

Available as an audio book on Audible

In June 1944 the attention of the nation was riveted on events unfolding in France. But in the Pacific, the Battle of Saipan was of extreme strategic importance. This is a gripping account of one of the most dramatic engagements of World War II. The conquest of Saipan and the neighboring island of Tinian was a turning point in the war in the Pacific as it made the American victory against Japan inevitable. Until this battle, the Japanese continued to believe that success in the war remained possible. While Japan had suffered serious setbacks as early as the Battle of Midway in 1942, Saipan was part of her inner defense line, so victory was essential. The American victory at Saipan forced Japan to begin considering the reality of defeat. For the Americans, the capture of Saipan meant secure air bases for the new B-29s that were now within striking distance of all Japanese cities, including Tokyo.

List of Illustrations
List of Maps
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Admiral King and General MacArthur
2. The Target
3. Operation Forager
4. "A Condemned Man's Breakfast"
5. The 2nd Marine Division Lands
6. The 4th Marine Division Lands
7. The Great Marianas Turkey Shoot
8. The 2nd Marine Division Moves Forward
9. The 4th Marine Division Moves Forward
10. Marines under Fire
11. The 27th Infantry Division on Southern Saipan
12. Into Death Valley
13. The Gyokusai
14. Suicide Cliff and Banzai Cliff
15. Tojo and Tinian
Conclusion
Appendix A. Holland Smith and the Army
Appendix B. Coming Home
Appendix C. Principal Military Units with Commanding Officers
Notes
Bibliography
Index

Sujets

• HISTORY
• Histoire
• Segunda Guerra Mundial
• Military history
• General officer
• Military
• Military tactics
• World War II
• Strategy
• General
• Stratégie (patron de conception)
• Seconde Guerre mondiale

Informations

• Publié par: Indiana University Press
• Date de parution: 02 mai 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9780253116819
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

D-DAY IN THE PACIFIC
Twentieth-Century Battles
Spencer C. Tucker, Editor
D-DAY
IN THE
PACIFIC
The Battle of Saipan

HAROLD J. GOLDBERG
This book is a publication of
Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA
http://iupress.indiana.edu
Telephone orders
800-842-6796
Fax orders
812-855-7931
Orders by e-mail
[e-mail]
2007 by Harold J. Goldberg
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The Association of American University Presses Resolution on Permissions constitutes the only exception to this prohibition.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Manufactured in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Goldberg, Harold J.
D-Day in the Pacific : the battle of Saipan / Harold J. Goldberg.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-253-34869-2 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Saipan, Battle of, Northern Mariana Islands, 1944. I. Title.
D767.99.S3G65 2007
940.54 2667-dc22
2006034047
1 2 3 4 5 12 11 10 09 08 07
For Nancy, Alex and Emily, and Zack and Alena and the courageous marines and soldiers whose presence honors these pages
The Marianas are the first line of defense of the homeland.
Admiral Nagumo Chuichi
I have always considered Saipan the decisive battle of the Pacific offensive.
General Holland M. Smith (USMC)
CONTENTS
List of Illustrations
List of Maps
Acknowledgments

Introduction
one
Admiral King and General MacArthur
two
The Target
three
Operation Forager
four
A Condemned Man s Breakfast
five
The 2nd Marine Division Lands
six
The 4th Marine Division Lands
seven
The Great Marianas Turkey Shoot
eight
The 2nd Marine Division Moves Forward
nine
The 4th Marine Division Moves Forward
ten
Marines under Fire
eleven
The 27th Infantry Division on Southern Saipan
twelve
Into Death Valley
thirteen
Gyokusai
fourteen
Suicide Cliff and Banzai Cliff
fifteen
T j and Tinian

Conclusion
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Notes
Bibliography
Index
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure 1. Admiral Ernest J. King
Figure 2. Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
Figure 3. Admiral Raymond A. Spruance and Lieutenant General H. M. Smith
Figure 4. Admiral Nagumo Chuichi
Figure 5. K Company, 3rd Battalion, 6th Marines, 2nd Marine Division on Saipan
Figure 6. Marines first assault wave hits Saipan beach on D-Day
Figure 7. Marines move to secure Saipan beaches on D-Day
Figure 8. Destruction in Charan Kanoa
Figure 9. Garapan after U.S. Navy shelling
Figure 10. Marines engage in house-to-house fighting in Garapan
Figure 11. Marines move through Garapan
Figure 12. U.S. flamethrower tank in action
Figure 13. Marines in 4th Division throwing grenades toward Japanese position
Figure 14. Marines in firefight on Saipan
Figure 15. Combat troops taking cover behind tank
Figure 16. Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, Admiral Ernest J. King, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, and Major General Sanderford Jarman
Figure 17. Marines firing captured Japanese mountain gun
Figure 18. Marines moving through battle zone
Figure 19. Marines cover advance into Tanapag
Figure 20. Dead Japanese soldier near destroyed tank
Figure 21. Marines using demolition charge to eliminate Japanese defensive position
Figure 22. Marine talks with Chamorro woman
Figure 23. Japanese drawing of a soldier
Figure 24. Bidding farewell to marines killed in action
MAPS
Map 1. Western Pacific with Mariana Islands inset
Map 2. Saipan
Map 3. Japanese defense sectors
Map 4. D-Day, 15 June
Map 5. Positions at close of D-Day
Map 6. Positions on 18-21 June
Map 7. Positions on 23-26 June
Map 8. Positions on 29-30 June
Map 9. Positions at time of Gyokusai, 6-7 July
Map 10. Saipan and Tinian
Abbreviations Used in Maps
Symbols within a rectangle indicate a military unit. An X within a rectangle indicates an infantry unit. A dot within a rectangle indicates artillery.
The number to the left of a rectangle indicates the unit, and the number to the right of the triangle is the parent unit to which the unit belongs.
Two vertical lines above a rectangle indicate a battalion.
Three vertical lines above a rectangle indicate a regiment.
Horizontal lines connecting two numbers indicate the boundary between two units.
Unit Division
Antiaircraft Artillery

Artillery

Engineers

Infantry

Tank Division

Unit Size
Company
I
Battalion
II
Regiment
III
Brigade
X
Division
XX
Corps
XXX
Examples
3rd Battalion, 8th Marines

14th Marines (Artillery)

Boundary between 6th Marines (Regiment) and 8th Marines (Regiment)

Source for maps: National Archives or Marine Corps Reproduction Department .
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am grateful to the following marines of the 2nd Division: John Mitch Alcorn, John Armstrong, Dick Bailey, Ed Bale, Bill Ball, Gene Brenner, Ralph L. Browner, Arnold Cook, Watson Crumbie, Sammy Davis, Joseph De Leo, Gene Douglas, Dave Dowdakin, Ed J. Driscoll, Reginald H. Dunbar, John Einarson, Fayette Ellis, James Evans, Robert E. Everett, Arthur C. Faquin, Frank Farmer, Alvin D. Ferry, John Geary, Sal Sam Giordano, Jerry G. Goforth, Robert L. Groves, Chuck Haffner, Raymond Chick Hill, Douglas P. Hopkins, Clyde Hughes, Dale W. Husemoller, William L. Jefferies, Steve Judd, Robert A. Kane, David E. Kinder, Donald Kirkman, William Krenke, M. F. Leggett, George F. Mead, James H. Monroe, James A. Montgomery, Robert R. Montgomery, Preston Pres Newman, Harry H. Niehoff, Wayne Lamar Owen, Robert D. Parker, Dick Pete Peterson, Harry Phillips, Charles D. Porter, Albert C. Rainey, Dock Riddle, Ralph Roden, Bill Rogal, Roy William Roush, Rod Sandburg, Robert Schultz, W. M. Scott, David V. Sebern, Joseph L. Shimek, Ed Skrabacz, Dodson Smith, Ken Stinson, John Jack Stone, Ralph Stratton, Chester Szech, Bob Thatcher, George Van Houten, Jerry Wachsmuth, Larry H. Wade, Arthur Wells, Robert Winters, and Robert Zurn.
I am grateful to the following marines of the 4th Division: William B. Allen, Walter Bailey, Jerome Jerry Baron, Paul B. Beverly, Bill Bouthiette, Enzo I. Brandolini, Frank Britt, Clair C. Chaffin, E. M. Cook, Julian Cusey, Leo E. Pete Cypher, John A. Dickinson, Jim Disney, Basil Duncan, Joseph C. Epperson, Norm Gertz, Christie Goudas, Earl P. Guy, Everett Bud Hampton, Howard Haury, Richard A. Hertensteiner, Willie Higgs, Bill Holden, Orvel E. Johnson, Gerald G. Kelleher, Richard S. Kelly, Charles W. Koehl, Charles A. Kubicek, John E. Lane, Dick Lehr, Herbert Levinson, Rowland Lewis, Don MacDonald, Clint Martin, George L. Mazarakos, William W. Mac McConnell, Mike Iron Mike Mervosh, William L. More, John Murach, Robert H. Nicks, Joe E. Ojeda, Alva R. Perry, David Ragan, Wallace Ralston, Jim Reed, John R. Jack Rempke, Keith Renstrom, Byron Reppert, Joe R. Risener, R. B. Roberts, Paul S. Schwartz, Marvin C. Scott, Walter H. Shiplee, Jasper Smith, Arnold Stanek, Edgar E. Earl Steffen, William A. Stephenson, Donald Swindle, Joe Tamulis, Alan Ian Taylor, B. G. Bill Taylor, Eugene V. Taylor, John Teuchert, J. Edward Tincher, William Tosline, Victor L. Varanay, Robert Verna, Peter Vogliano, R. P. Willson, and Glen E. Young.
I am grateful to the following soldiers of the 27th Infantry Division: John F. Armstrong, Steve Behil, Frank Cimaszewski, Jack Cotton, Joseph E. Diamond, John P. Earley, Wiliam W. Ellsworth, Luther Luke Hammond, Charles Roy Hilbert, Clifford W. Howe, Daniel Koshansky, Julius F. Kovalski, Erwin W. Mark Marquardt, Joseph Meighan, Cliff Melim, John A. Munka, Liam Murphy, Eli Nicosia, Martin E. Nolan, Roy Nyquist, Emmett Scott Scotty Prothero, Harold Smith, Vince Walsh, Casimer Wilk, and J. William Winter.
Others who provided assistance include John Jack Armstrong, son of army veteran John Armstrong; Stephen Bird, son of Byron Bird, USMC; Brian Blodgett, U.S. Army warrant officer, who teaches at American Military University in Manassas Park, Virginia; Dale Cook, Fourth Marine Division Association; Major Charles Crosby, executive officer of the 2-108th Infantry Battalion; Erin E. Day, granddaughter of Robert Williams, USMC; Alan Diskin, son of army veteran Edward Diskin; Lieutenant Colonel David Evangelista, commander of the 2-108th Infantry Battalion; John Faquin, son of Arthur Faquin, USMC; Jeff Fought, nephew of Major Lester S. Fought, USMC; Ann Fuhrman, coordinator, University Archives, Oklahoma State University; Austin Geiling, Fourth Marine Division Association; Charles David Hall, son of army veteran Charles Joseph Hall; Jack Hitt; Colonel Chuck Van Horne, executive secretary for the Second Marine Division Association; G. Allen Meighen Jr., attorney at law; National Archives in College Park, Maryland; Victor Olney, New York Army National Guard; Barbara