Criminal Law in Cameroon

Carlson Anyangwe

Description

This is a pioneer, long overdue and truly original book that off ers a unique, comprehensive and thorough exposition of the criminal law of Cameroon by a leading scholar. This latest book by Professor Carlson Anyangwe adopts a thematic approach, each chapter covering a specific aspect of the criminal law. The text is a clear, simple and comprehensive exposition of all the offences codified in the Penal Code. It offers a rich, clear, learned and discerning analysis to understanding of the criminal law. The book is designed to instruct and to contribute to a deeper understanding of the subject, the treatment of which is unique, informative and makes for compelling reading. This is the first textbook ever on the subject in Cameroon and it is undoubtedly an indispensable tool of trade for judges, prosecutors, lawyers in private practice, academic lawyers, law students and law enforcement officers.

Sujets

• Law

Informations

• Publié par: Langaa RPCIG
• Date de parution: 04 novembre 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 19
• EAN13: 9789956726691
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

CRIMINAL LAW IN CAMEROON Specific Offences *** Carlson Anyangwe

CRIMINAL LAW

IN CAMEROON

SPECIFIC OFFENCES

Carlson Anyangwe

Langaa Research & Publishing CIG Mankon, Bamenda

Publisher: LangaaRPCIG Langaa Research & Publishing Common Initiative Group P.O. Box 902 Mankon Bamenda North West Region Cameroon [e-mail] www.langaa-rpcig.net Distributed in and outside N. America by African Books Collective [e-mail] www.africanbookcollective.com

DISCLAIMER

ISBN: 9956-726-62-1 ©Carlson Anyangwe, 2011

All views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Langaa RPCIG.

Contents Preface Abbreviations List of Statues List of Cases PART I. CRIMES AGAINST THE STATE Chapter 1 Offences against the Security of the State §1. Treasonable acts A. Treasonable offences punishable by death B. Wartime treasonable offences C. Peacetime treasonable offences D. Misprison of treason §2. Secession §3. Civil war §4. Revolution §5. Armed band §6. Insurrection Chapter 2 Offences against the Constitution §1. Electoral fraud §2. Electoral corruption and violence §3. Agreement to subvert the law §4. Trespass on the legislature §5. Trespass of the executive and the judiciary reciprocally §6. Trespass by the judiciary on particular immunities §7. Unlawful use of force §8. Non-compliance with requisition Chapter 3 Misconduct in Public Office §1. Use of force by public servant §2. Corruption 1. Bribery 2. Corruption 3. Interest in grant 4. Interest in concern 5. Indulgence 6. Undue demand 7. Compulsion of public servant 8. Procuring influence §3. Abuse of office 1. Oppression 2. Obstructing the exercise of civic rights 3. Favour  i

ix xiv xvii xix

 1

2 5 9 15 20 25 27 29 30 31 33

34 34 36 37 38 38 39 41 41

43 45 45 46 58 60 61 63 64 66 67 68 68 68 69

4. Forgery of official act §4. Culpable abstention 1. Failure to report deficiency 2. Negligent custody 3. Failure to suppress riot 4. Failure to protect private rights 5. Denial of justice 6. Refusal of service 7. Neglect of preliminary to marriage 8. Non-entry of births, marriages and deaths in the prescribed register 9. Persistent neglect §5. Torture Chapter 4 Offences against Public Officials §1. Contempt 1. Contempt of president, vice-president or foreign sovereign 2. Contempt of head of government, etc. 3. Contempt of constituent bodies and of public servants §2. Assaulting a public servant 1. General considerations 2. Simple assault on a public servant 3. Aggravated assault on a public servant §3. Obstructing the exercise of lawful duty 1. Simple resistance 2. Collective resistance 3. Political resistance §4. Offences of subversion 1. Incitement to resist the application of laws 2. Contempt of any public authority 3. Inciting hatred against the government 4. Taking part in a subversive enterprise 5. Dissemination of false news §5. False statement; fraud at examinations 1. False statement misleading public servant 2. Fraud at examinations Chapter 5 Offences against Public Revenue, Government Property, etc. §1. Offences against the public revenue 1. Misappropriation of public funds 2. Refusal of tax §2. Offences against government property 1. Damage to public or protected property 2. Removal, destruction of public record 3. Taking copy of any government record §3. Offences against the normal operation of public service 1. Disturbance  ii

70 70 70 71 71 71 72 73 73 73 73 74

77 77 78 81 82 85 85 86 87 88 90 92 93 93 93 94 95 96 97 98 98 100

102 102 102 118 119 119 120 121 123 123

2. Resistance to the carrying out of authorized works §4. Offences against certain acts of public authority 1. Breach of seals 2. Defacement of posters 3. Failure by innkeeper to register guests 4. Illicit burial Chapter 6 Offences against the Administration of Justice §1. Perversion of justice 1. Perjury and cognate offences 2. False expert report 3. False oath 4. Concealment of proceedings 5. Concealment and fabrication of evidence 6. Prejudicial comment §2. Refusal to assist justice 1. Non-intervention 2. Refusal to clear 3. Defaulting witness 4. Defaulting expert 5. Defaulting juror or assessor 6. False excuse §3. Disobedience to judicial orders 1. Banned residence 2. Willful insolvency 3. Re-entry on immovable property 4. Non-payment of court-ordered maintenance 5. Failure to surrender minor to person granted custody §4. Defeating the course of justice 1. Misappropriation of attached property 2. Facilitating a detainee’s relations with an outside party 3. Escape from lawful custody 4. Accessory after the fact by shelter 5. Public invitation for contribution to pay off a court fine 6. Defacement of any judgment posted on a notice board 7. Revenge on witness 8. Forbidden publications Chapter 7 Offences against State Guarantees §1. Forgery offences 1. Forging the Great Seal 2. Forging treasury security 3. Forging certain signatures, stamps and punches 4. Forging marks and stationery 5. Forging postage and revenue stamps; related offences 6. Forging public act, record or document  iii

123 124 124 124 124 124

126 126 126 135 136 136 137 140 142 142 144 145 146 146 147 147 147 148 148 149 150 151 151 151 152 155 155 156 156 157

158 158 165 165 166 167 168 169

7. Forging licences and similar documents 8. Forging official certificates 9. Colourable resemblance §2. Counterfeiting and related offences 1. Counterfeiting note and coin 2. Manufacture or possession of counterfeiting equipment 3. Improper possession of certain things §3. Usurpation 1. Unauthorised striking of money 2. Unlawful assumption of an office 3. Irregular solemnisation of marriage 4. Use of any uniform or decoration not entitled to 5. Use of any qualification not entitled to 6. Use of any title of honour not entitled to §4. Offences affecting guarantees to the national economy 1. Injury to the credit of the state 2. Refusal of note or coin that is legal tender 3. Injury to national development 4. Misappropriation of loans and subsidies 5. Infringement of regulations governing standards PART II CRIMES AGAINST THE GENERAL INTEREST Chapter 8 Offences relating to Public Safety §1. Arson §2. Destruction of dwelling, vehicle or mine §3. Dangerous activities 1. Failure to provide against risk of bodily harm 2. Rashly making use of fire, etc. 3. Rashly demolishing any construction or building 4. Rashly furnishing medical treatment 5. Rash driving §4. Drink or drunk driving §5. Infringement of regulation government explosives §6. Obstructing the use of public highway §7. Non-repair of highway Chapter 9 Offences Relating to Public Peace §1. Unlawful assembly §2. Riot §3. Seditious cries §4. Depredation of band §5. Arms and ammunition offences 1. Possession of arms 2. Dangerous carriage of arms §6. Disturbance of quiet enjoyment of land  iv

171 172 173 174 174 181 183 184 185 187 188 188 189 190 190 190 190 191 191 194

195

196 196 199 201 201 202 203 203 203 208 211 211 211

213 213 215 218 221 222 223 224 227

§7. False news §8. Contempt of race or religion §9. Discrimination §10. Public drunkenness §11. Vagrancy offences 1. Begging 2. Vagabondage 3. Dangerous preparations §12. Gambling and lotteries §13. Keeping unlicensed pawnshop §14. Witchcraft Chapter 10 Offences Relating to the Public Economy §1. Keeping false weights and measures §2. Bad cheques §3. Interference with auctions or tenders §4. Interference with labour §5. Rigging prices §6. Destruction of foodstuffs Chapter 11 Offences Relating to Public Health §1. Adulteration of foodstuffs §2. Issuing false medical certificates §3. Facilitating the communication of infectious disease §4. Pollution of air and water §5. Breach of contract in essential services Chapter 12 Offences against Public Decency and Sensibilities §1. Safeguarding public decency 1. Public indecency 2. Corruption of morals 3. Obscene publications 4. Other objectionable publications 5. Justification of crime §2. Safeguarding public sensibilities 1. Desecration of graves and corpses 2. Disturbance of funeral 3. Cruelty to animals Chapter 13 Offences Relating to Public Worship §1. Protection of public religious practice 1. Forcing or preventing the practice of a religion 2. Disturbance of public worship §2. Protection of minister of religion 1. Contempt of minister of religion 2. Violent obstruction of a ministry v

242 246 247 248 249 249 250 251 252 254 254 261 261 263 269 270 271 271

273 273 273 274 276 278 280 280 280 282 284 286 289 289 289 292 292

294 294 294 295 295 295 296

PART III CRIMES AGAINST PRIVATE INTEREST Chapter 14 Offences against Bodily Integrity : Non-Fatal Assaults §1. Types of non-fatal assaults 1. Psychic assault 2. Physical assault §2. Threats 1. Simple threats 2. Conditional threats §3. Harm 1. Minor harm 2. Simple harm 3. Slight harm §4. Desertion of incapable §5. Failure to render assistance to a person in danger §6. Grievous harm §7. Deliberate communication of HIV §8. Justification of the use of force Chapter 15 Offences against Bodily Integrity: Fatal Assaults §1. Unlawful homicide 1. Intentional killing: murdersimpliciter, capital murder, etc. 2. Unintentional killing: negligent or reckless killing §2. Lawful homicide 1. Justifiable homicide 2. Excusable homicide 3. Difference in legal consequence between both types of defences §3. Causation in the law of homicide Chapter 16 Offences against Personal Tranquility §1. Violation of certain individual rights 1. False arrest 2. Forced labour 3. Invasion of residence 4. Tampering with correspondence §2. Injury to honour and reputation 1. False report 2. Defamation 3. Abuse Chapter 17 Offences against Private Property: Stealing §1. Theft: stealing by trespassory asportation 1. Simple theft 2. ‘Special’ theft 3. Aggravated theft 4. Receiving

vi

297

298 299 299 300 305 305 306 307 308 309 310 312 314 317 319 324

333 333 333 365 375 375 378 380 380

391 391 391 393 394 396 397 397 402 408

411 411 411 421 422 431

§2. Misappropriation: stealing by embezzlement or fraudulent conversion 1. Simple misappropriation 2. ‘Special’ misappropriation 3. Aggravated misappropriation §3. False pretences: stealing by tricks or cheating 1. Simple false pretences 2. Aggravated false pretences 3. Credit by fraud and fraudulent retention Chapter 18 Offences against private Property: Protection of Business and other Property-Related Interests §1. Protection of real property against vandalism 1. Destruction 2. Boundary marks and fences §2. Protection of consumers against sharp business practices 1. Usury 2. Forbidden sales 3. Deception of shareholders §3. Protection of intellectual property against business piracy 1. Copyright 2. Patents 3. Trade designs and patterns 4. Trademarks 5. Commercial confidence §4. Protection of creditors against delinquent debtors 1. Fraudulent debtor 2. Culpable bankruptcy 3. Fraudulent bankruptcy 4. Culpable bankruptcy-related acts by agents 5. Offences other than by debtors 6. Fraudulent creditors §5. Protection of individuals against confidence tricksters 1. Signature in blank 2. Professional confidence 3. Corruption of employee 4. Forgery of a private document 5. False, and forged certificates Chapter 19 Sexual Offences §1. Private indecency §2. Rape §3. Indecency with young people §4. Homosexuality §5. Bestiality §6. Prostitution and cognate offences vii

435 436 439 439 441 442 447 447

451

451 451 453 454 454 457 458 460 474 476 476 477 479 482 485 486 487 488 490 490 490 490 491 493 494 498

499 499 505 523 534 538 540