Core Topics in General & Emergency Surgery E-Book

Brown, Simon Paterson

Description

Core Topics in General & Emergency Surgery meets the needs of surgeons in higher training and practising consultants for a contemporary and evidence-based account of this sub-specialty that is relevant to their general surgical practice. It is a practical reference source incorporating the most current information on recent developments, management issues and operative procedures. The text is thoroughly referenced and supported by evidence-based recommendations wherever possible, distinguishing between strong evidence to support a conclusion, and evidence suggesting that a recommendation can be reached on the balance of probabilities.

This is a title in the Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice series whose eight volumes are an established and highly regarded source of information for the specialist general surgeon.

• The Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice series provides a current and concise summary of the key topics within each major surgical sub-specialty.
• Each volume highlights evidence-based practice both in the text and within the extensive list of references at the end of every chapter.

• An expanded authorship team across the series includes additional European and World experts with an increased emphasis on global practice.
• The contents of the series have been extensively revised in line with recently published evidence.

• The volume contains a new chapter on the complications of bariatric surgery.
• This updated text will appeal to all General Surgeons who wish to keep up to date in both elective and emergency conditions, while providing the relevant information for the Specialist Surgeon who is still required to look after undifferentiated emergencies and carry out routine elective general surgical procedures.

Informations

• Publié par: Saunders Ltd.
• Date de parution: 24 juin 2013
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780702049729
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Core Topics in General and Emergency Surgery
A Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice
Fifth Edition

Simon Paterson-Brown, MBBS MPhil MS FRCS(Ed) FRCS(Engl) FCS(HK)
Honorary Senior Lecturer, Clinical Surgery School of Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh
Consultant General and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeon, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Contributors
Series Editors' preface
Editor's preface
Evidence-based practice in surgery
Chapter 1: Evidence-based practice in surgery
Introduction
The need for evidence-based medicine
The process of evidence-based medicine
Sources of evidence
Critical appraisal
Systematic literature reviews
Meta-analysis
Clinical guidelines
Integrated care pathways (ICPs)
Grading the evidence
Implementation of evidence-based medicine
Audit
Appendix
Chapter 2: Outcomes and health economic issues in surgery
Introduction
Outcome measures
Costs, charges and resource use
Economic evaluation
Summary
Chapter 3: Day case surgery
Introduction
The development of day surgery
How does it work for the patient?
How do we do it?
What will happen next?
Chapter 4: Abdominal hernias
Introduction
Aetiology
Mesh
Epigastric hernia
Umbilical and para-umbilical hernias
Inguinal hernias
Femoral hernia
Incisional hernia
Emergency hernia surgery
Port-site hernia
Antibiotic prophylaxis in hernia surgery
Prophylatic hernia surgery
Management of an infected mesh
Chapter 5: Organisation of emergency general surgical services and the early assessment and investigation of the acute abdomen
Introduction
Organisation of emergency general surgical services
Early assessment of the acute abdomen
Radiological investigations
Chapter 6: Perforations of the upper gastrointestinal tract
Introduction
Peptic ulcer perforation
Oesophageal perforation
Corrosive perforation
Perforation after endotherapy for mucosal/submucosal tumours
Duodenal and jejunal perforations during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Chapter 7: Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Introduction
Aetiology
Initial assessment and triage
Initial management
Endoscopy
Management of bleeding due to causes other than peptic ulceration
Endoscopic management of bleeding peptic ulcers
Pharmacological management of bleeding peptic ulcers
Surgical management of bleeding peptic ulcers
Management of recurrent bleeding
Helicobacter pylori eradication
Use of NSAIDs
Summary
Chapter 8: Pancreaticobiliary emergencies
Introduction
Biliary colic and acute cholecystitis
Acute acalculous cholecystitis
Acute cholangitis
Acute pancreatitis
Iatrogenic pancreaticobiliary emergencies
Chapter 9: Acute conditions of the small bowel and appendix
Introduction
Small-bowel obstruction
Peritonitis
Haemorrhage
Acute appendicitis
Chapter 10: Colonic emergencies
Introduction
Colonic ischaemia
Colonic obstruction
Inflammation and infection
Perforation
Colonic bleeding
Chapter 11: Anorectal emergencies
Introduction
Anorectal anatomy
Perianal abscess
Pilonidal abscess
Acute anal fissure
Haemorrhoids
Thrombosed haemorrhoids
Anorectal haemorrhage
Anorectal trauma
Foreign bodies
Chapter 12: Paediatric surgical emergencies
Introduction
Neonatal period
Infancy
Children
Chapter 13: Abdominal trauma
Introduction
Risk factors
Transport
Regional trauma systems
Assessment in the emergency department
Diagnostic modalities in blunt abdominal trauma
Operative management of abdominal trauma
Abdominal compartment syndrome
Organ injury scaling systems
Surgical decision-making in abdominal trauma
Management of abdominal injury
Interventional radiology
Appendix: Scaling system for organ-specific injuries
Chapter 14: Venous thromboembolism: prevention, diagnosis and treatment
Introduction
Epidemiology of VTE
Pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism
Risk factors for VTE
Prevention of venous thromboembolic disease
Diagnosis of venous thromboembolic disease
Management of venous thromboembolic disease
Chapter 15: Patient assessment and surgical risk
Introduction
Estimation of surgical risk
Communicating risk
Chapter 16: Perioperative and intensive care management of the surgical patient
Introduction
Variables associated with postoperative complications and death
Strategies to improve outcomes
Conclusions
Chapter 17: Surgical nutrition
Introduction
Metabolic response to feeding, trauma and sepsis
Nutritional requirements
Identification of patients who are malnourished
Nutritional support in surgical practice
Nutritional support in defined clinical situations
Nutritional supplementation with key nutrients: application to clinical practice
Chapter 18: Abdominal sepsis and abdominal compartment syndrome
Introduction
Pathophysiology of sepsis
The slippery slope of sepsis
Treatment strategies in sepsis
Systematic assessment
Antimicrobial therapy in abdominal sepsis
Imaging in abdominal sepsis
Early source control in abdominal sepsis
Aims of treatment in abdominal sepsis
Abdominal sepsis on the ICU
Re-operating in abdominal sepsis
Damage control laparotomy
Second-look or planned re-laparotomy
Leaving the abdomen open (laparostomy)
Abdominal compartment syndrome
Intestinal fistulas
Chapter 19: Complications of bariatric surgery presentingto the general surgeon
Introduction
Causes of obesity
Mechanisms of weight loss surgery
Bariatric operations
Complications of bariatric surgery
Clinical presentation
Other postoperative problems
Index
Copyright

Fifth edition © 2014 Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher's permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions .
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).
First edition 1997
Second edition 2001
Third edition 2005
Fourth edition 2009
Fifth edition 2014
ISBN 978-0-7020-4964-4
e-ISBN 978-0-7020-4972-9
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
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Printed in China
Commissioning Editor: Laurence Hunter
Development Editor: Lynn Watt
Project Manager: Vinod Kumar Iyyappan
Designer/Design Direction: Miles Hitchen
Illustration Manager: Jennifer Rose
Illustrator: Antbits Ltd
Contributors

Iain D. Anderson, BSc, MD, FRCS(Eng), FRCS(Gen), FRCS(Glas) , Consultant Surgeon, Intestinal Failure Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester, UK

Emma Barrow, MBChB, MD, FRCS(Gen) ,