Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, An Issue of Clinics in Liver Disease

Paul J. Gaglio

Description

Due to the current obesity epidemic, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in a significant portion of the United States patient population. It is being increasingly recognized that NAFLD affects both adults and children and can progress to end stage liver disease with resultant cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, several extrahepatic conditions may be linked to NAFLD including cardiovascular disease, insulin requiring and type 2 diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, colonic adenomas, hyperuricemia, vitamin D deficiency, hyperferritinemia, pancreatic steatosis, hypothyroidism, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Therapies for NAFLD are evolving rapidly. This issue will analyze patient demographics, risk factors, pathophysiology, patient presentation, and treatments for NAFLD.

Sujets

• Medical
• Médecine
• Gastroenterology

Informations

• Publié par: Elsevier
• Date de parution: 09 août 2016
• Nombre de lectures: 1
• EAN13: 9780323416979
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Clinics in Liver Disease
Editor
Paul J. Gaglio, MD, FACP, AGAF
Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, NY Presbyterian Hospital-Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
Consulting Editor
Norman Gitlin

Clinics Review Articles

www.liver.theclinics.com

May 2016 Volume 20 Number 2
Table of Contents
Cover image
Title page
Copyright
Contributors
Consulting Editor
Editor
Authors
Forthcoming Issues
Forthcoming Issues
Recent Issues
Preface. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Epidemiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States and the Rest of the World
Key points
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis diagnosis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis incidence
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis worldwide prevalence by continent
Risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Summary
References
The Prevalence and Pathobiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients of Different Races or Ethnicities
Key points
Introduction
Differences in the metabolic syndrome based on race or ethnicity
Summary
References
The Metabolic Syndrome and Its Influence on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Key points
Introduction
Definitions of the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Role of diet
Role of genetic factors
Role of adipokines
Correlation between the metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Treatment
Prognosis
Summary
References
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Lipids and Insulin Resistance
Key points
Introduction
Fatty acids, triglycerides, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathophysiology
Long-chain fatty acid transport in specific disease models
Obesity-related liver disease: hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis
Future prospects
References
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Gut Microbiome
Key points
Introduction
Gut microbiota promotes the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Gut microbiota participates to the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
How to modulate gut microbiota to improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Summary
References
Clinical Presentation and Patient Evaluation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Definitions
Why do we need to diagnose nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
Fibrosis as a predictor of mortality: who with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is at risk of dying?
Liver biopsy
Serologic tests for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Imaging tests for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Summary
References
Histology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Adults and Children
Key points
Introduction
Importance of liver biopsy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Pathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children and adolescents
Grading, staging, and scoring in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Sample and observer variability
Histology-based natural history studies
Summary
References
Progression and Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults
Key points
Introduction
Liver disease progression in simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Risk factors for disease progression in simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Liver disease progression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis
Hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Summary
References
The Progression and Natural History of Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Introduction
Summary
References
Effect of Weight Loss, Diet, Exercise, and Bariatric Surgery on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Introduction
Weight loss
Dietary interventions
Low carbohydrate and low fat diets
Fructose
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Exercise
Diet and exercise
Bariatric surgery
Summary
References
Current Pharmacologic Therapy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Introduction
Current treatment options
Potential therapies for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Summary
References
Emerging Therapies for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Introduction
Challenges in drug development for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
New drugs under study for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Summary
References
Extrahepatic Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Key points
Cardiovascular disease
Evaluation of subclinical cardiovascular risk
Clinical manifestations and effect on cardiovascular disease
Pathophysiology
Diabetes mellitus
Pathogenesis
Chronic kidney disease
Pathogenesis
Extrahepatic malignancy
Colorectal cancer
Endocrinopathies
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Osteoporosis
Obstructive sleep apnea
Cholesteryl ester storage disease
Summary
References
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Transplantation
Key points
Introduction
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and pre liver transplant considerations
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and post liver transplant considerations
Approach to recurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis after liver transplantation
References
Copyright
Elsevier
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http://www.theclinics.com
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE Volume 20, Number 2
May 2016 ISSN 1089-3261, ISBN-13: 978-0-323-41696-2
Editor: Kerry Holland
Developmental Editor: Meredith Clinton
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