Women s Mental Health, An Issue of Psychiatric Clinics
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289 pages
English

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Description

This issue reviews psychiatric concerns that are specific to women. Comprehensive and up-to-the-minute articles discuss topics such as PMS/PMDD, Perinatal Disorders, Menopause, Infertility, Female Sexual Dysfunction, Substance Abuse in Women, Gender Differences in ADHD, Fibromyalgia, Migraines in Women, Breast Cancer, Obesity in Women, Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Psychiatric Disorders in Women, Trauma and Violence Issues for Women in the Military, and Caring for the Elderly Female Psychiatric Patient.


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Publié par
Date de parution 05 mai 2010
Nombre de lectures 10
EAN13 9781455700615
Langue English
Poids de l'ouvrage 1 Mo

Informations légales : prix de location à la page 0,5517€. Cette information est donnée uniquement à titre indicatif conformément à la législation en vigueur.

Extrait

Psychiatric Clinics of North America , Vol. 33, No. 2, June 2010
ISSN: 0193-953X
doi: 10.1016/S0193-953X(10)00035-3

Contributors List
Psychiatric Clinics of North America
Women's Mental Health
Susan G. Kornstein, MD
Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Women's Health, Mood Disorders Institute, and Clinical Trials Office, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980710, Richmond, VA 23298-0710, USA
Anita H. Clayton, MD
Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 801210, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1210, USA
ISSN  0193-953X
Volume 33 • Number 2 • June 2010

Contents
Cover
Contributors List
Forthcoming Issues
Preface
Approach to Premenstrual Dysphoria for the Mental Health Practitioner
Treatment of Mood Disorders During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Challenges and Opportunities to Manage Depression During the Menopausal Transition and Beyond
Depressive Symptoms Related to Infertility and Infertility Treatments
Female Sexual Dysfunction
Substance Abuse in Women
Gender Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
The Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Fibromyalgia
Women at a Dangerous Intersection: Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression and Related Disorders in Patients with Breast Cancer
Obesity in Women
Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the Treatment of Depressive Disorders in Women
Trauma and Violence: Are Women the Weaker Sex?
Caring for the Elderly Female Psychiatric Patient
Index
Psychiatric Clinics of North America , Vol. 33, No. 2, June 2010
ISSN: 0193-953X
doi: 10.1016/S0193-953X(10)00037-7

Forthcoming Issues
Psychiatric Clinics of North America , Vol. 33, No. 2, June 2010
ISSN: 0193-953X
doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2010.02.002

Preface
Advances in Women’s Mental Health

Susan G. Kornstein, MD
Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Women’s Health, Mood Disorders Institute, and Clinical Trials Office, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980710, Richmond, VA 23298-0710, USA
E-mail address: skornste@vcu.edu
E-mail address: AHC8V@hscmail.mcc.virginia.edu

Anita H. Clayton, MD ,
Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 801210, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1210, USA
E-mail address: skornste@vcu.edu
E-mail address: AHC8V@hscmail.mcc.virginia.edu


Susan G. Kornstein, MD Guest Editor

Anita H. Clayton, MD Guest Editor
Women’s health is escalating in importance in the national health care agenda with new data about gender differences being acquired quickly, an increasing percentage of the population being female, and health insurance reform under intense debate. Since the requirement that women be included in clinical research studies, with subsequent analysis of gender differences when appropriate, the knowledge base has increased dramatically with regard to the prevalence, etiology, presentation, and treatment response of disorders in women. Women’s health has increasingly become an area of specialty, with residency tracks, fellowships, conferences, and organizations dedicated to this important clinical and research focus.
This volume updates some topics covered in the 2003 issue of Psychiatric Clinics of North America that was devoted to women’s health, and introduces new topic areas. The effect of reproductive status on psychiatric symptoms is examined in several articles, including a review of premenstrual dysphoria by Simone Vigod and colleagues, identification and management of depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period by Lee Cohen and colleagues, presentation on the interrelationship between mood and climacteric symptoms in the menopausal transition by Claudio Soares and Benicio Frey, and discussion of the influence of infertility and its treatment on women’s mental health presented by Kirsten Wilkins and colleagues.
Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses are addressed by Shelly Greenfield and colleagues with regard to substance abuse problems and by Julia Rucklidge related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In addition, the effects of gender are considered in sexual functioning and dysfunction by Anita Clayton and David Hamilton and in the elderly psychiatric patient by Mudhasir Bashir and Suzanne Holroyd.
Medical conditions with comorbid psychiatric symptoms that occur more frequently in women are also presented. Fibromyalgia is reviewed by Lesley Arnold; Tal Weinberger and colleagues discuss breast cancer; and Leila Azarbad and Linda Gonder-Frederick speak to obesity in women. Additionally, Kristina Deligiannidis and Marlene Freeman provide a detailed analysis of complementary and alternative medicine interventions for psychiatric disorders. In contrast trauma and violence toward women is addressed by Laura Pratchett and coworkers.
These comprehensive reviews provide new insights into caring for women with psychiatric conditions. Application of the wealth of information in these articles will improve the care of women and should stimulate further research into this important clinical area.
Psychiatric Clinics of North America , Vol. 33, No. 2, June 2010
ISSN: 0193-953X
doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2010.01.008

Approach to Premenstrual Dysphoria for the Mental Health Practitioner

Simone N. Vigod, MD, FRCPC a , Benicio N. Frey, MD, PhD b , c , Claudio N. Soares, MD, PhD, FRCPC b , c , d , e , Meir Steiner, MD, PhD, FRCPC b , c , d , *
a Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Women’s College Hospital, Women’s College Research Institute, 76 Grenville Street, Room 944C, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
c Women’s Health Concerns Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare, Fontbonne Building, 6th Floor, 301 James Street South, Hamilton, ON L8P 3B6, Canada
d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
e Mood Disorders Division, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
* Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
E-mail address: mst@mcmaster.ca

Abstract
As many as 7% of women experience significant social or occupational dysfunction as a result of severe premenstrual mood disturbance. Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors are implicated in the cause of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, but the interaction between these factors remains to be elucidated. Mental health practitioners can aid women by providing diagnostic clarity and by initiating an integrated step-wise management approach.

Keywords
• PMDD • PMS • Dysphoria • Mental Health • Mood disorder
For many centuries, the menstrual cycle has held negative connotations for women. It has been held as evidence for a generalized sense that women were incompetent or unstable, with their resultant exclusion from opportunities in education, employment, and positions of influence. 1, 2 Such views are no longer in the mainstream. There has been clear advancement of knowledge with the advent of understanding that female sex hormones underlie the menstrual cycle and that mood disorders related to menstruation are a significant problem for some women. Women commonly present to health care practitioners complaining of premenstrual mood disturbance, warranting diagnosis and treatment. However, it can be challenging for providers to feel confident about managing these complaints because of the wide array of symptoms that women report, the multiple physical and psychiatric conditions on the differential diagnosis, and the psychosocial connotations of the disorder. This review presents an approach to the diagnosis and management of premenstrual mood disturbance and specifically reviews a biopsychosocial approach to the management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) for the mental health practitioner.

Scope of the problem

Prevalence
Varying reports in the literature on the prevalence of premenstrual mood disturbance depend in part on the definitions used. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) explicitly acknowledges in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) that up to 70% of women are affected by at least mild symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). 3 The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) reports that up to 85% of women experience PMS as defined by at least 1 emotional and 1 physical symptom, present in 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, and severe enough to interfere in daily life. 4 The APA has defined, and ACOG acknowledges, PMDD as a more severe and pervasive form of premenstrual mood disturbance that affects a much smaller, albeit significant, proportion of women. 3, 4
Studying the prevalence of PMDD in community samples has been challenging because the strict DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria for PMDD include prospective symptom measurement, exclusion of other psychiatric and physical disorders, and evaluation of functional impairment. Most community prevalence estimates have been based on retrospective symptom reports and have contained variable definitions of severe symptoms. Prevalence estimates based on DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, but without the requirement for prospective symptom ratings, seem to be in the range of 5% to 6% in samples from North America and Europe. 5, 6 However, there may be

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