Collaborative Governance in Extractive Industries in Africa

Koa

Description

The potential for using revenues from extractive resources for inclusive growth in Africa is tremendous. However, the realisation of the transformative role that extractive industries could play in sustainable development has been elusive in most African countries. Extractive industries in most of these countries are plagued with numerous conflicts, some with serious casualties over the control, distribution, management and utilisation of the resources and revenues from extractive operations. Collaborative Governance in Extractive Industries in Africa presents the critical challenges facing extractive industries from different contexts, countries, sectors and settings. It features chapters with diverse angle of interest and analytical tools applied in examining the critical issues related particularly to mining and petroleum development in Africa. The contributors to this book have extensive academic and professional experience in policy research in the mining, oil and gas sectors in Africa and other regions. The book addresses the current gap in knowledge about appropriate governance regimes that could create the forum where the divergent interests and positions of various stakeholders of extractive resources and revenues could be handled - without any of them resorting to deadly conflicts. It presents the functionality of collaborative governance in enhancing for example, transparency, accountability, and equitable distribution of extractive revenues. Governance practitioners, policy- and decision makers could use the structures, components and procedures discussed in this book to develop training manuals, governance criteria and indicators for measuring and managing collaborative governance regime at the national and local levels. They will also find useful information about some of the critical elements that should guide the strategic implementation of the collaborative process.

Informations

• Publié par: United Nations University Institute for Natural Resources
• Date de parution: 29 décembre 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9789988633141
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Collaborative Governance in Extractive Industries in Africa

The United Nations University Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (UNU-INRA), the only Institute of the United Nations University system based in Africa, was established in 1986. The Institute’s mission is to empower African universities and other research institutions through capacity strengthening. UNU-INRA operates mainly from its headquarters in Accra, and Operating Units (OUs) - currently based at universities in Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, Namibia, Senegal and Zambia. Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (UNU-INRA) Second floor, International House, Annie Jiagge Road, University of Ghana, Legon Campus Accra, Ghana Private Mail Bag, Kotoka International Airport, Accra, Ghana Email:[e-mail] or [e-mail] www.inra.unu.edu

Collaborative Governance in Extractive Industries in Africa Edited by: Timothy Afful-Koomson  Kwabena Owusu Asubonteng

Collaborative Governance in Extractive Industries in Africa

Edited by: Timothy Afful-Koomson and Kwabena Owusu Asubonteng ©United Nations University Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (UNU-INRA), 2013 ISBN 978 – 9988 – 633 – 13 – 4 Cover designand layout:Kwabena O. Asubonteng Cover photo credits:Yasuko Kusakari, David Mwinfang, Tullow  Oil and UNU-INRA Printed byPixedit Limited, Ghana - 0203339269 | 0206893271 Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author’s and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the United Nations University-Institute for Natural Resources in Africa.

Table of Contents

LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................XI

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................. XII

FOREWORD................................................................................... XIII

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................... XVI

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................... XVII

COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE AND ITS RELEVANCE FOR EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES IN AFRICA ......................... 1

IntroducƟon................................................................................. 1

What is governance?................................................................... 5

TheoreƟ7cal building blocks of governance .................................

What is collaboraƟve governance? ........................................... 13

What are the key features of collaboraƟve governance? ........ 14

What is the value of collaboraƟve governance for extracƟve industries in Africa?................................................................... 18

Chapters in this book................................................................. 19

References................................................................................. 23

IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA................................................................................................. 27

IntroducƟon............................................................................... 27

v

Africa’s non-renewable natural resources and their contribuƟon to the sustainable development on the conƟnent ................... 28

Mineral resources in Africa ....................................................... 29

The contribuƟon of mining to sustainable development in Africa ................................................................................................... 30

EvaluaƟon of the social pillars of sustainable development .... 41

EvaluaƟon of environmental pillars of sustainable development ................................................................................................... 45

Environmental governance ....................................................... 53

Conclusion and recommendaƟons ........................................... 56

References................................................................................. 59

SOCIAL POLICY AND STATE REVENUES IN MINERAL- RICH COUNTRIES IN AFRICA.................................................... 61

IntroducƟon............................................................................... 61

The natural resource ‘curse’ argument..................................... 62

Success stories of some mineral-rich countries ........................ 64

Some policyŽƉƟ65ons for mineral-rich countries in Africa .........

Improving local parƟcipaƟon in mineral resources development ................................................................................................... 68

Mainstreaming mining in PRSPs................................................ 70

Fostering minerals cluster development .................................. 71

Conclusion ................................................................................. 73

References................................................................................. 75

vi

ANALYSIS OF GOVERNANCE IN THE GHANAIAN MINING SECTOR............................................................................. 77

IntroducƟon............................................................................... 77

Mining in Ghana ........................................................................ 78

Conceptualising governance ..................................................... 80

Statement of the problem......................................................... 82

Research design and methodology ........................................... 84

Results and analysis................................................................... 84

Conclusion and recommendaƟons ........................................... 96

References................................................................................. 99

LABOUR ‘SPECIALISATION’ AND SUSTENANCE OF ARTISANAL MINING ACTIVITY IN GHANA ..................... 102

IntroducƟon............................................................................. 102

Factors contribuƟ109ng to growth of specialised labour in ASM.

Labour and skills ...................................................................... 115

Entrepreneurship and ‘growth’ in local mining communiƟes 117

Impact on mineral resources governance, environment, human traĸcking, health and safety .................................................. 118

Conclusion ............................................................................... 120

References............................................................................... 120

WHITHER SUSTAINABLE SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE MINING IN GUYANA?................................................................. 123

vii

DemysƟ............... 123fying sustainability and sustainable mining

Guyana: a brief overview ........................................................ 125

Environmental sustainability................................................... 130

Social sustainability ................................................................. 134

Governance systems for mining in Guyana ............................ 136

LegislaƟve framework ............................................................. 138

Sustainability challenges ......................................................... 144

Lessons from the Guyanese experience ................................. 148

The way forward ..................................................................... 150

References............................................................................... 152

THE CHALLENGES OF PETROLEUM REVENUES: GHANA, CORRUPTION, AND INSTITUTIONS.................. 155

The resource curse predicament ............................................ 155

PoliƟ cal explanaƟons and consequences................................ 158

InsƟtuƟons of extracƟon and redistribuƟon........................... 160

CorrupƟon in the petroleum industry..................................... 162

Ghana and its ‘good governance’............................................ 171

Conclusion ............................................................................... 174

Reference ................................................................................ 177

THE MANAGEMENT OF STRATEGIC RESOURCES: THE OIL AND GAS FIND IN GHANA ............................................. 181

viii

IntroducƟon............................................................................. 181

Contextualising the impact of the oil and gas industry on the environment and society ........................................................ 184

Management frameworks for minimising environmental damage from the oil industry.................................................. 185

CompeƟƟon for resources in Africa ........................................ 187

The ‘resource curse’ ................................................................ 189

The oil and gasĮ191nd in Ghana ..................................................

Conclusion ............................................................................... 197

References............................................................................... 197

ENHANCING COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE OF EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES IN AFRICA: THE WAY FORWARD ........................................................................................ 200

Summary of key issues ............................................................ 200

Win-win beneĮts and incenƟves for collaboraƟve governance regime...................................................................................... 202

StarƟng and managing the collaboraƟve governance process ................................................................................................. 204

The need for sponsor(s) and leader(s) for the process ........... 204

The insƟtuƟonal set-up for collaboraƟve governance............ 206

Seƫ213ng the rules of engagement.............................................

PrioriƟsing issues and arƟculaƟ213ng interests. ..........................

Making decisions and developing shared understanding....... 215

ix