A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola: Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan andCibola, by Victor Mindeleff and Cosmos MindeleffThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and withalmost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away orre-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License includedwith this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.orgTitle: A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228Author: Victor Mindeleff and Cosmos MindeleffIllustrator: Henry Hobart NicholsRelease Date: November 17, 2006 [EBook #19856]Language: EnglishCharacter set encoding: UTF-8*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE ***Produced by Louise Hope, Carlo Traverso, Håkon Hope andthe Online Distributed Proofreading Team athttp://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from imagesgenerously made available by the Bibliothèque nationalede France (BnF/Gallica) at http://gallica.bnf.fr) [Transcriber’s Note: A few words in this e-text use the uncommon letters “Ĕ”, “ĭ”, “ŏ” (vowel with breve or “short” mark) or “ⁿ” (small raised n). Alternate transcriptions of these words are given at the end of the text. If the apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage, you may need to change your text reader’s “file encoding” or ...
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and
Cibola, by Victor Mindeleff and Cosmos Mindeleff
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: A Study of Pueblo Architecture: Tusayan and Cibola
Eighth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1886-1887,
Government Printing Office, Washington, 1891, pages 3-228
Author: Victor Mindeleff and Cosmos Mindeleff
Illustrator: Henry Hobart Nichols
Release Date: November 17, 2006 [EBook #19856]
Language: English
Character set encoding: UTF-8
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE ***
Produced by Louise Hope, Carlo Traverso, Håkon Hope and
the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
generously made available by the Bibliothèque nationale
de France (BnF/Gallica) at http://gallica.bnf.fr)
[Transcriber’s Note:
A few words in this e-text use the uncommon letters “Ĕ”, “ĭ”, “ŏ”
(vowel with breve or “short” mark) or “ⁿ” (small raised n). Alternate
transcriptions of these words are given at the end of the text.
If the apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as
garbage, you may need to change your text reader’s “file encoding” or
“character set”, or use a different font. As a last resort, use the
Latin-1 version of this file instead.
Parenthetical question marks are from the original, as are all
brackets except footnote and illustration tags.
Variant spellings and typographical errors are listed at the end of
the text.]
* * * * *
A STUDY
of
PUEBLO ARCHITECTURE: Tusayan And Cibola.
by
Victor Mindeleff.
* * * * *
CONTENTS.
Introduction 13
CHAPTER I.--Traditionary history of Tusayan 16
Explanatory 16
Summary of traditions 16
List of traditionary gentes 38
Supplementary legend 40
CHAPTER II.--Ruins and inhabited villages of Tusayan 42
Physical features of the province 42
Methods of survey 44
Plans and description of ruins 45
Walpi ruins 46
Old Mashongnavi 47
Shitaimuvi 48
Awatubi 49
Horn House 50
Small ruin near Horn House 51
Bat House 52
Mishiptonga 52
Moen-kopi 53
Ruins on the Oraibi wash 54
Kwaituki 56
Tebugkihu, or Fire House 57
Chukubi 59
Payupki 59
Plans and descriptions of inhabited villages 61
Hano 61
Sichumovi 62
Walpi 63
Mashongnavi 66
Shupaulovi 71
Shumopavi 73
Oraibi 76
Moen-kopi 77
CHAPTER III.--Ruins and inhabited villages of Cibola 80
Physical features of the province 80
Plans and descriptions of ruins 80
Hawikuh 80
Ketchipauan 81
Chalowe 83
Hampassawan 84
K’iakima 85
Matsaki 86
Pinawa 86
Halona 88
Tâaaiyalana ruins 89
Kin-tiel and Kinna-Zinde 91
Plans and descriptions of inhabited villages 94
Nutria 94
Pescado 95 Ojo Caliente 96
Zuñi 97
CHAPTER IV.--Architecture of Tusayan and Cibola compared
by constructional details 100
Introduction 100
Housebuilding 100
Rites and methods 100
Localization of gentes 104
Interior arrangement 108
Kivas in Tusayan 111
General use of kivas by pueblo builders 111
Origin of the name 111
Antiquity of the kiva 111
Excavation of the kiva 112
Access 113
Masonry 114
Orientation 115
The ancient form of kiva 116
Native explanations of position 117
Methods of kiva building and rites 118
Typical plans 118
Work by women 129
Consecration 129
Various uses of kivas 130
Kiva ownership 133
Motives for building a kiva 134
Significance of structural plan 135
Typical measurements 136
List of Tusayan Kivas 136
Details of Tusayan and Cibola construction 137
Walls 137
Roofs and floors 148
Wall copings and roof drains 151
Ladders and steps 156
Cooking pits and ovens 162
Oven-shaped structures 167
Fireplaces and chimneys 167
Gateways and covered passages 180
Doors 182
Windows 194
Roof openings 201
Furniture 208
Corrals and gardens; eagle cages 214
“Kisi” construction 217
Architectural nomenclature 220
Concluding remarks 223
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
Plate I. Map of the provinces of Tusayan and Cibola 12
II. Old Mashongnavi, plan 14
III. General view of Awatubi 16
IV. Awatubi (Talla-Hogan), plan 18
V. Standing walls of Awatubi 20
VI. Adobe fragment in Awatubi 22
VII. Horn House ruin, plan 24
VIII. Bat House 26
IX. Mishiptonga (Jeditoh) 28 X. A small ruin near Moen-kopi 30
XI. Masonry on the outer wall of the Fire-House,
detail 32
XII. Chukubi, plan 34
XIII. Payupki, plan 36
XIV. General view of Payupki 38
XV. Standing walls of Payupki 40
XVI. Plan of Hano 42
XVII. View of Hano 44
XVIII. Plan of Sichumovi 46
XIX. View of Sichumovi 48
XX. Plan of Walpi 50
XXI. View of Walpi 52
XXII. South passage