Australia at Work The Benchmark Report

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Informations

• Publié par: Zewyer
• Nombre de lectures: 6
• Langue: English

Extrait

THE BENCHMARK REPORT









Brigid van Wanrooy
Sarah Oxenbridge
John Buchanan
Michelle Jakubauskas



Funded by:
Unions NSW
Australian Research Council


i
















This report was published by the Workplace Research Centre at The University of Sydney,
September 2007.

Workplace Research Centre
Storie Dixson Wing H10
The University of Sydney NSW 2006
Ph: 02 9351 5626


Copyright
© September 2007 of the Workplace Research Centre
This material, intended to serve as a guide only, is provided without charge. The content of this report may
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Disclaimer: Though all due care has been taken in its preparation and the information is believed to be
correct at the date of publication, it is intended to be a guide only. The report is not to be taken as
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which may arise as a result of accessing or using the content.

i Australia at Work: The Benchmark Report
Table of Contents

Executive Summary ................................................................................... vi
Acknowledgements .................................................................................... x
1. Introduction to Australia at Work ..............................................................12
Methodology 15
2. The Labour Force .................................................................................18
3. Awards, Agreements and Contracts at Work .................................................28
Self-employed and Employees: Contracts ‘for’ and ‘of’ service....................... 28
Employees’ labour contracts ................................................................ 30
Change in instruments........................................................................ 36
Individual common law contracts........................................................... 38
Characteristics of workers with different industrial instruments ..................... 39
Negotiating pay................................................................................ 49
Non-negotiated AWAs......................................................................... 51
State of play: Awards, Agreements and Contracts at Work ............................ 55
4. Earnings at Work ..................................................................................57
Differences in employees’ earnings ........................................................ 58
Changes in income ............................................................................ 59
Earnings, work hours and unpaid hours.................................................... 61
Living standards ............................................................................... 63
5. Hours at Work .....................................................................................65
Configuration of working hours ............................................................. 70
Working hours preferences .................................................................. 71
6. Employees’ Attitudes at Work73
Job and labour market security 75
Management and employee relationships ................................................. 77
Safety in the workplace ...................................................................... 80
Working hours: control and intensity ...................................................... 81
Conclusion ...................................................................................... 85
7. Unions at Work ....................................................................................86
Characteristics of union members .......................................................... 86
Unrepresented workers: potential union members? ..................................... 88
Union workplaces.............................................................................. 90
Union delegates ............................................................................... 91
8. Conclusion: Beyond Black and White92
Key findings 92
Implications for policy........................................................................ 95
Australia at Work: moving forward......................................................... 98
References .............................................................................................99
Appendix A Technical Report...................................................................... 102
Appendix B Summary data on industrial instrument coverage............................... 109

ii Australia at Work: The Benchmark Report
Tables and Figures

Figure 2.1 Labour market status, 2006–2007 ....................................................... 18
Table 2.1 Same job or business, 2006–2007......................................................... 19
Figure 2.2 Employment status, employed persons, 2007 ......................................... 20
Table 2.2 Employment status by gender and age, 2007, per cent .............................. 21 3 Part-time and full-time in main job by age and gender, 2007, per cent .......... 21
Table 2.4 Workplace characteristics by employment status, 2007 ............................. 23 5 Employed persons by industry (ANSIC06), 2006 & 2007............................... 24
Table 2.6 Employed persons by occupation, 2006 & 2007........................................ 25 7 ANZSCO Skill level by age and gender, 2007, per cent 26
Table 2.8 Change in occupation or skill level, 2006–2007 27
Table 3.1 Self-employed business arrangements, 2007 ........................................... 29 2: Indicative estimates of employee coverage of different type of instruments,
Australia, 1990–2006, per cent........................................................................ 32
Table 3.3 Coverage: award role in main job, 2007, per cent.................................... 33 4 Employees’ self-reported instrument type, 2006 & 2007 ............................ 34
Table 3.5 Employees’ selfinstrument type by change in job, 2007, per cent .... 36 6 Change in instrument type by change in job, 2006–2007, per cent................. 37
Table 3.7 Employee characteristics by self-reported instrument type, 2007, per cent ..... 40 8 Occupation by self-reported instrument type, 2007, per cent ...................... 41
Table 3.9 Change in percentage of self-reported instrument type by skill level, 2006-200742
Table 3.10 Industry by self-reported instrument type, 2007, per cent ........................ 43 11 Change in percentage of self-reported instrument type by industry, 2006–200744
Table 3.12a Employees’ average earnings in main job by self-reported instrument and skill
level, 2007 ............................................................................................... 45
Table 3.12b Employees’ average hours in main job by self-reported instrument and skill
level, 2007 46
Table 3.12c Employees’ hours preference by self-reported instrument and skill level, 2007
............................................................................................................. 47
Table 3.13 Employees’ self-reported instrument type by yearly salary in main job, 2007.. 48 14 Full-time employees’ self-reported instrument type by average hours, 2007... 49
Table 3.15 Employees’ self-reported instrument type by basis of wage increase, 2007,
per cent................................................................................................... 50
Table 3.16 Employees’ self-reported instrument type by opportunity to negotiate pay with
employer, 2007, per cent.............................................................................. 51
Table 3.17 Individual contracts by change in job, March 2006–2007............................ 52 18 Employees’ individual contracts by skill level, 2007, per cent .................... 53
Table 3.19a Employees’ average earnings by individual contracts and skill level, 2007 .... 54 19b Employees’ average hours by individual contracts and skill level, 2007........ 54
Figure 4.1 Average total yearly earnings from work by age and sex, 2007 .................... 57
Table 4.1 Employees’ average wage rates by sex and skill level, 2007 ........................ 58 2 Employees’ average hourly rate by skill level and change in job, 2006–2007, $ . 59
iii Australia at Work: The Benchmark Report
Table 4.3 Employees’ change in pay in main job by change in work characteristics, 2006–
2007, per cent ........................................................................................... 60
Table 4.4 Employees’ average usual and paid hours, 2007, per cent........................... 62 5 Employees’ unpaid hours by occupation, 2007.....