Achieving Economic Stability: Lessons from the Crash of 1929

Us Epa

Description

• cours - matière potentielle : thought

Achieving Economic Stability: Lessons from the Crash of 1929 Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis Discusses various explanations of the crash of 1929 and subsequent policy recommendations. Comparisons are made with the October 1987 stock market plunge, and it is suggested that, with appropriate public policy response, the economy can remain on a stable course although not without challenges. Description: 9,10,11,12Grade Levels: Supplementary MaterialsDocument Type: This document may be printed.

• upward pressure on interest rates
• such emphasis
• significant determinant of economic developments
• significant wealth effects
• keynesian view that an inexplicable contraction
• stock prices
• economic activity
• stock market
• money supply
• monetary policy

Sujets

• Thought
• Federal Reserve Bank
• New York City
• Policy
• Economy
• Significance
• Märket
• Déterminant
• Contraction

Informations

• Publié par: tocam
• Nombre de lectures: 17
• Langue: English

Extrait

Information Access Strategy

January 2009


















EPA 240-R-09-001 US EPA Information Access Strategy

Table of Contents

1. EPA’s Information Access Strategy ...................................................................................................... 1
Environmental Information Access .......... 1
National Dialogue on Access to Environmental Information ... 1
2. Information Access Needs of EPA Audiences ...................................................................................... 5
Approach for Public Outreach .................................................. 5
Information Access Needs ........................ 5
Finding Information .................................................................................................................................. 6
Understanding Information ....................... 7
Using and Analyzing Information............. 8
New Tools and Access to Experts................................................................................................ 8
3. Recommendations for Improving Access to Environmental Information ....... 10
Recommendation 1: Enable People to Find Environmental Data and Information at EPA and Other
Federal Agencies ..................................................................................................................................... 11
Recommendation 2: Improve People‟s Understanding of EPA Data and Information to Promote
Appropriate Use ...... 12
Recommendation 3: Organize EPA Information and Data into Formats that Promote Better
Understanding and Facilitate Desired Uses ............................................................................................ 13
Recommendation 4: Use New Web Technologies to Empower People to Find, Understand and Use
Environmental Information and Data ..................................... 15
4. Next Steps .............................................................................................................. 16
Develop an Access Implementation Plan 17
Establish an Ongoing Process for Soliciting EPA‟s Information Audience Needs and Monitoring the
Agency‟s Performance in Meeting Them ............................................................................................... 17
Appendix. Issues on Information Access Strategy Recommendations................ 19

US EPA Information Access Strategy | Page 1
1. EPA’s Information Access Strategy
before. EPA and other information providers Environmental Information Access
are producing more environmental information
Protecting the environment is everyone‟s today than at any time in the past. EPA—
business. Our nation‟s environmental success working with these other providers and using
over the past 40 years has been the sum of newly available technology—has an
achievements by many—EPA and other Federal unprecedented ability to make information
agencies; tribal, state, and local government available to people who need it.
partners; environmental groups; communities
In December of 2007, EPA‟s Assistant and concerned citizens; and responsible
Administrator for Environmental Information industry.
and Chief Information Officer (CIO), Molly A.
Environmental regulation reined in the glaring O' Neill, launched a National Dialogue on
problems that served as our call to action on Access to Environmental Information. Between
Earth Day, 1970. Today‟s environmental January and mid-June of this year, EPA‟s Office
problems are more complex, often involving of Environmental Information (OEI) met with
diffuse pollutant sources. More than ever people throughout the country who use
before, environmental solutions depend on environmental information to learn about their
effective action by countless individuals information needs and access preferences. EPA
working voluntarily to address problems that are assembled the thousands of comments received
beyond the practical reach of command and into this Information Access Strategy, offering
control regulation. direction for future efforts to enhance access to
EPA‟s environmental information.
To help protect our environment, everyone—
As the National Dialogue took the public stage
from the Internet-savvy environmental
last winter, EPA heard many comments about
professional to the concerned citizen reliant on
the strategic importance of sound information; printed materials—needs ready access to high
the tremendous opportunities offered by new,
quality information to provide the foundation for
Internet based information sharing technologies; sound decisions. Through this Information
and the growing field of information providers.
Access Strategy, EPA hopes to enhance access
These issues raise three broad questions for this
to environmental information so that we may all
Strategy:
be better equipped to help address our nation‟s
environmental challenges. First, stepping above specific issues of
technology, data and information, how should
EPA frame its overall goal for managing Agency National Dialogue on Access to
information resources? Environmental Information

In recent years, EPA has witnessed sweeping Second, looking back on the progress EPA has
changes in the growth and use of environmental made over the past decade, how can the Agency
information. The thirst for environmental build most effectively on past accomplishments?
information among environmental professionals
and the concerned public is stronger than ever
US EPA Information Access Strategy | Page 2
Third, looking beyond EPA information individual program offices and circles of
resources, what role should the Agency play primary information users.
within the larger community of external
providers of environmental information?
The following discussions of these three Information as a Common Strategic
Resource for Accomplishing EPA’s questions offer general context for the National
Mission Dialogue findings about audience information
access needs and recommendations in this

Information Access Strategy for addressing
Information
them.
Derived
from Data
Managing Information as a Common,
Supported by TechnologyStrategic Resource
EPA‟s path through the thicket of technology, Side View
data and information management issues begins EPA Information Management
with a simple, transcendent goal: To manage The Information Access Strategy will improve
alignment of EPA’s Information Management environmental information as a common,
with Important Information Uses. strategic resource for accomplishing the
Agency‟s environmental mission. As the
graphic on this page shows, the strategic
Strategic management of information technology, Planning,
Policy, and environmental data and information resources Program Program
Development Implementationimplies a direct management alignment with the

Research and Public Agency‟s mission to protect human health and
Development Involvement
the environment. The graphic also presents an
example profile of major mission-critical

information uses. These information uses—for
program research, planning, implementation, Top View
and public participation—already receive the Major Uses of Environmental Information
attention of information resource managers for
their individual areas of program responsibility.
Information resources at EPA are usually
Improved access—leading to wider, more developed under one of EPA‟s many specific
diverse secondary uses of EPA data flows, data environmental laws. Agency information
systems and information products—will present owners invest in their information resources as
new challenges for Agency information resource necessary to meet the requirements for programs
managers. In the near term, secondary users implemented under individual laws. A new,
must be adequately informed of the quality and Agency-level goal for information resource
suitability of today‟s resources for uses other management draws the attention of information
than the primary ones for which they were resource managers to mission-critical uses of
originally designed. Ultimately, however, the environmental information outside their
designs of EPA data and information resources
must evolve to accommodate the requirements
US EPA Information Access Strategy | Page 3
of mission-critical secondary uses. EPA‟s new with the Agency‟s vast information resources.
Quality Policy (www.epa.gov/oei/quality.htm), EPA‟s information systems—originally
embodies the key principles of data and designed to serve individual program needs for
information management needed to guide EPA twelve major environmental statutes
toward issuance of appropriate documentation administered by EPA—are gradually becoming
supporting secondary uses. interoperable. Each year, more EPA information
resources are digitized by the Agency‟s library
Building on EPA’s Past Success network for easy, electronic access by staff
across the country. An expanding extranet,
Over the past decade, EPA has used