Characterization of ethylene-induced abscission in miniature rose (Rosa hybrida L.) [Elektronische Ressource] / von Noorollah Ahmadi

Noorollah Ahmadi

Informations

• Publié par: gottfried_wilhelm_leibniz_universitat_hannover
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 66
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 21 Mo

Extrait

Characterization of Ethylene-Induced Abscission in
Miniature Rose (Rosa hybrida L.)



Von der
Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
zur Erlangung des Grades



Doktor der Gartenbauwissenschaften
(Dr. rer. hort.)



genehmigte Dissertation


von
Noorollah Ahmadi, M. Sc. Horticulture
geboren am 11. September 1969 in Eghlid, IRAN


2008














Referent: Prof. Dr. Margrethe Serek
Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Traud Winkelmann
Tag der Promotion: 04. 12. 2008














Dedicated to my family
Acknowledgements

To the Almighty God, “ALLAH” Who have granted me everything and Who have blessed
and supported me by His power in all my life, as well as giving me the opportunity to
continue the study and complete this dissertation. During my stay in Germany for doing
my PhD, I got an opportunity to study and learn many things. This dissertation could have
never been completed without the help of so many generous people. I express my thanks
and gratitude to all people who helped me, but their names are not mentioned here.
I would like to express my upmost gratitude to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Margrethe Serek.
The excellent supervision and supports that she gave truly help the progression of this
research project. Her poignant comments throughout the preparation of this thesis will
never be forgotten.
My deepest thanks go to my co-supervisor, Dr. Heiko Mibus-Schoppe, for his masterful
guidance and patience getting me introduced to the field of molecular genetics. I can say
without any doubt that his supports and suggestions inspired me to pursue a high level of
rigor during the course of this research.
I am grateful to Prof. Dr. Traud Winkelmann for consenting to be a co-referee as well as
for her support and comments. Thanks also go to Prof. Dr. Hans-Michael Poehling and
Prof. Dr. Bernhard Beßler for their kindness of being members of examination committee.
I am indebted to Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology for awarding the
grant for this Ph.D. project. The technical assistance of Annette Steding, Wiltrud von
Oertzen, Gisela Bölsing, staff members of Floriculture Section, is sincerely appreciated.
Additionally, I am thankful to Herbert Geyer and his team in the greenhouse for supplying
and taking care of the plant material. Many thanks go to all my colleagues and office mates
who have been around these five years for their friendship and providing great atmosphere
to work in laboratory and office.
I am deeply grateful to my parents, Ebrahim Ahmadi and Golafshan Nasiri, for everything
they have done to support me in achieving my goal. I should also like to express my great
gratitude to my brothers and sisters who had to deal without me, with several family
occasions.
Last but not least, my sincere gratitude is extended to my wife, Narges Nasiri, for her
support and patience, especially for caring Navid and Nastaran who were born during my
study in Germany.
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Table of Contents

Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................i
List of figures................................................................................................................ iv
Abbreviations................................................................................................................ v
Abstract........................................................................................................................ vii
1. Introduction..................................................................................1
2. Literature Review.........................................................................5
2.1 Senescence processes..............................................................................................5
2.2 Abscission...............................................................................................................6
2.2.1 Abscission phenomena.......................................................................................6
2.2.2 Abscission behavior of different plant organs...................................................7
2.2.2.1 Leaf and leaflet abscission.........................................................................7
2.2.2.2 Flower and flower parts abscission............................................................9
2.2.2.3 Fruit abscission...........................................................................................9
2.2.2.4 Other organs abscission............................................................................10
2.3 Ethylene synthesis and signal transduction pathway.......................................11
2.3.1 Ethylene synthesis............................................................................................11
2.3.2 Ethylene perception and signal transduction pathway.....................................12
2.3.3 Induction and regulation of ethylene biosynthesis...........................................15
2.3.3.1 Plant growth regulators............................................................................16
2.3.3.2 Environmental stresses.............................................................................16
2.3.3.3 Climacteric ethylene.................................................................................17
2.3.3.4 Pollination-induced senescence................................................................17
2.4 Ethylene, senescence and abscission.....................................................................20
2.4.1 Ethylene and senescence..................................................................................20
2.4.2 Ethylene and abscission....................................................................................21
ii
2.5 Non ethylene related senescence...........................................................................23
3. Publications....................................................................................26
Paper ..............................................................................................................................26
Ahmadi, N., Mibus, H. and Serek, M. (2008). Isolation of an ethylene induced
putative nucleotide laccase in miniature roses (Rosa hybrida L.). J. Plant Growth
Regul. 27:320–330.
Manuscript 1...................................................................................................................37
Characterization of ethylene-induced organ abscission in F1 breeding lines of
miniature roses (Rosa hybrida L.). Postharvest Biology and Technology (in press)
Manuscript 2...................................................................................................................52
Functional analysis of rose laccase (RhLAC) gene in tobacco plant by virus-induced
gene silencing technique. (in preparation for submission)
Conference paper...........................................................................................................61
Identification of ethylene induced genes in abscission zone of Rosa hybrida L. by use
thof differential display. 9 International Symposium on Postharvest Quality of
Ornamental Plants 10-14.06.2008, Odense, Denmark. Acta Horticulture (in press)
Poster...............................................................................................................................66
Isolation of ethylene induced putative nucleotide laccase in miniature roses (Rosa
hybrida L.). Gordon Research Conference on Plant Senescence 15-20.06.2008, Mount
Holyoke College South Hadley, MA, USA.
4. Discussion and Outlook................................................................68
4.1 Evaluation of leaves and buds abscission induced by exogenous ethylene.........68
4.2 Leaves yellowing and chlorophyll degradation.....................................................69
4.3 Expression of RhETR1, RhETR3, RhCTR1 and RhCTR2...................................70
4.4 Isolation of ethylene induced cDNAs......................................................................72
4.5 Induction, isolation and characterization of laccase gene....................................73
4.6 Laccase expression in various organs and genotypes...........................................74
4.7 Functional analysis of RhLAC by virus-induced gene silencing...........................75
4.8 Outlook......................................................................................................................79
5. References.......................................................................................82
iii
List of Figures
Fig. 1. Diagrammatic view of tissues in a typical leaf abscission zone............................7
Fig. 2. Biosynthesis pathway and regulation of ethylene................................................11
Fig. 3. The structural features of ethylene receptor gene family.....................................13
Fig. 4. Model for the transduction of the ethylene signal............................