The EU-15's new economy

European Commission Eurostat

Description

A statistical portrait
Science and technology
Target audience: Specialised/Technical

Informations

• Publié par: EUROPEAN-COMMISSION-EUROSTAT
• Nombre de lectures: 10
• Langue: English

Extrait

ISSN 1725-0838
The EU-15’s New
Economy —
A statistical portrait
THEME
Science
EUROPEAN and
COMMISSION technology
2005 EDITIONEurope Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union
Freephone number (*):
00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11
(*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed.
A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2005
ISBN 92-894-9058-6
ISSN 1725-0838
© European Communities, 2005Preface
With its so-called Lisbon strategy the European Union aims to become significantly more
innovative in the coming years. This publication offers a statistical portrait of the EU-15
which makes it possible to benchmark the countries involved in terms of how they are
managing to achieve the goals set in Lisbon. It is both comprehensive – covering a broad
spectrum of phenomena relevant to the new economy – but at the same time compact,
restricting itself to a set of fifty key indicators. Because of this, the publication provides the
reader with a well-considered and practical overview of how Europe is performing with
regard to the Lisbon agenda.
For its conceptual framework, the publication builds on two thematic books in Dutch, one on
the knowledge-based economy (innovation), and one on the digital economy of the
Netherlands. Furthermore, it has involved an intensive search for relevant statistical
indicators, allowing both international benchmarking and the analysis of time series. As a
consequence, the project has also identified several statistical gaps and suggested ways to
address them in the future. Statistics Netherlands started a strategic research programme to
help measurement issues for the New Economy in 2002 which is expected to lead to final
results in 2005.
This publication is one of the results of the EU’s New Economy Statistical Information
System (NESIS) project (IST-2000-31118). Participation in the NESIS project, in fact, was
part of the strategic research programme on the new economy mentioned above. Statistics
Netherlands is grateful for the funds it received from the EU to accomplish this work. The
publication has been produced by a team from the Division of Business Statistics’ science
and technology group and support and development department. Among them the book’s
editor Teun Wolters, and Andries Kuipers and Gerhard Meinen deserve a special mention.
Valuable comments on subsequent draft versions were received from various partners
within the NESIS project, in particular from Mikael Åkerblom (Statistics Finland) and the
NESIS project’s coordinator Deo Ramprakash.
I hope that this publication will serve the public on the road towards a better and timely
understanding of structural changes in the modern economy, and of public policies aiming
to bring about such changes.
Gosse van der Veen
Director-General
Statistics Netherlands
iiiTable of contents
Preface iii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 New Economy and measurement 1
1.2 A framework to structure the publication 1
2. ICT and globalisation: opportunities and threats (Module A) 5
2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 Selected indicators 5
2.3 Quantified indicators 6
2.4 Conclusion 11
3. Innovation (Module B) 19
3.1 Introduction 19
3.2 Selected indicators 19
3.3 Quantified indicators 20
3.4 Conclusion 26
4. Features and performance (Module C) 37
4.1 Introduction 37
4.2 Selected indicators 37
4.3 Quantified indicators 38
4.4 Conclusion 42
5. Macroeconomic context (Module D) 53
5.1 Introduction 53
5.2 Selected indicators 53
5.3 Quantified indicators 55
5.4 Conclusion 59
6. Capacities and strategies: Businesses and Households (Module E) 69
6.1 Introduction 69
6.2 Selected indicators Businessess 69
6.3 Quantified indicators 70
6.4 Households 73
6.5 74
6.6 Conclusion 76
7. Public domain and Government (Module F) 87
7.1 Introduction 87
7.2 Selected indicators Public domain 87
7.3 Quantified indicators Public domain 88
7.4 Government 92
7.5 92
7.6 Conclusion 95
8. The knowledge factor 105
8.1 Introduction 105
8.2 Choice of indicators 105
8.3 Quantified indicators 105
8.4 Conclusion 107
Appendix 1 Definition of the New Economy 111
Appendix 2 Selection criteria and process quality 115
1. Criteria for the choice of indicators 115
2. Process quality 115
vList of figures and boxes
Chapter 1 Introduction
Diagram 1 Framework for the NESIS statistical publication 2
Table 1 The four Pillars of the NESIS project 2
Chapter 2 ICT and globalisation (Module A)
Table A01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices per capita in PPS 6
Table A01aux Growth rate of the GDP at constant prices 7
Table A02 Value added of business sector services 8
Table A03 Value added of manufacturing ICT sector 8
Table A04 Value added of high technology manufacturing sector 8
Table A05 GDP at market prices in PPS per person employed 9
Table A06 Imports + exports as share of GDP 9
Table A07 Export of ICT goods 10
Table A08 Turnover of enterprises in manufacturing under foreign majority control 10
Table A09 Turnover in enterprises in services under foreign majority control,
1997/1998 10
Table A02aux- Foreign controlled high-tech manufactures, knowledge-intensive
-A04aux services and high-tech knowledge-intensive services, 2000 11
Box A Growth disparities 6
Box B Americans work on the job, Europeans work at their leisure 7
Box C National Corporate Responsibility Index 7
Box D The fearful don’t win 8
Box E Hours actual worked per person in employment 9
Chapter 3 Innovation (Module B)
Table B01a Expenditure on R&D by the business enterprise sector, 1995
and 2001 20
Table B01b Expenditure on R&D by the business enterprise sector, 1990–2001 21
Table B01aux Expenditure on R&D by performing sector, 2001 22
Table B02a Patent applications filed with the EPO by year of filing at the
national level, by IPC, 1995 and 2001 22
Table B02b
national level, by IPC, 1990–2001 22
Table B03a ICT patent applications filed with the EPO, by year of filing at the 23
Table B03b 23
Table B02aux Enterprises in the business enterprise sector that protected their
innovations, in the period 1998–2000, by protection method 23
Table B03aux High-technology patents, 2001 24
Table B04/B05a Enterprises in the manufacturing and services sector with
innovative activities in the period 1994–1996 24
Table B04/B05b
innovative activities in the period 1998–2000 24
Table B04aux Innovativeness of total business enterprise sector, by type of
innovation, in the period 1998–2000 25
Table B06 Enterprises that changed their organisational structure in the
period 1998–2000 26
Table B05aux Non-technological change in enterprises, in the period 1998–2000 26
Table B07 Turnover due to innovative products new to the market, for the
manufacturing sector, 1996 and 2000 26
Table B06aux Innovation expenditure as a share of total turnover, 2000 27
Box A Research intensity and business enterprise expenditure on R&D 21
Box B Knowledge intensive services and employment 25
Chapter 4 Features and performance (Module C)
Table C01 ICT expenditure 38
viTable C01aux IT and communications expenditure, 2003 38
Table C02 Enterprises considering their innovation activity to have a high
impact on increased market or market share, 1998–2000 39
Table C02aux
impact on specified effects, 1998–2000 39
Table C03 Number of domain names with an associated IP address record,
at the top level domain of a country 39
Table C04 Internet access basket for 40 hours at daytime discounted public
switched telecommunications network (PSTN) rates, including VAT 40
Table C03aux Costs of internet use by type, 2002 40
Table C05 Sales conducted over computer-mediated (Internet or other)
networks 40
Table C04aux Electronic sales and purchases, 2002 41
Table C06 Enterprise births, 2001 42
Table C05aux Enterprise births for some innovative sectors in Finland 42
Table C07 Private equity raised for investment in companies: sum of early
stage (seed and start-up) and expansion and replacement 42
Table C06aux Private equity raised for investment in companies by type, 2003 42
Box A Impact of e-business on the value chain performance 40
Box B Impacts of B2B projects 41
Box C E-commerce and productivity 41
Box D Aligning information systems to company strategy 41
Box E Enterprise births in Finland 42
Chapter 5 Macroeconomic context (Module D)
Table D01 GDP at market prices per capita in PPS 55
Table D01aux Growth rate of the GDP at constant prices 55
Table D02 Value added of business sector services 56
Table D03 Value added of manufacturing ICT sector 56
Table D04 Value added of high technology manufacturing sector 56
Table D05 GDP at market prices in PPS per person employed 57
Table D06 Employed persons aged 15–64 57
Table D07 Inflation rate based on harmonised indices of consumer prices 57
Table D08 Net borrowing/lending of consolidated government sector 58
Table D09 Gross inland consumption of energy divided b