In Missing, Sunaina Marr Maira explores how young South Asian Muslim immigrants living in the United States experienced and understood national belonging (or exclusion) at a particular moment in the history of U.S. imperialism: in the years immediately following September 11, 2001. Drawing on ethnographic research in a New England high school, Maira investigates the cultural dimensions of citizenship for South Asian Muslim students and their relationship to the state in the everyday contexts of education, labor, leisure, dissent, betrayal, and loss. The narratives of the mostly working-class youth she focuses on demonstrate how cultural citizenship is produced in school, at home, at work, and in popular culture. Maira examines how young South Asian Muslims made sense of the political and historical forces shaping their lives and developed their own forms of political critique and modes of dissent, which she links both to their experiences following September 11, 2001, and to a longer history of regimes of surveillance and repression in the United States.Bringing grounded ethnographic analysis to the critique of U.S. empire, Maira teases out the ways that imperial power affects the everyday lives of young immigrants in the United States. She illuminates the paradoxes of national belonging, exclusion, alienation, and political expression facing a generation of Muslim youth coming of age at this particular moment. She also sheds new light on larger questions about civil rights, globalization, and U.S. foreign policy. Maira demonstrates that a particular subjectivity, the "imperial feeling" of the present historical moment, is linked not just to issues of war and terrorism but also to migration and work, popular culture and global media, family and belonging.
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For te young people in tis book and for Majeed
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
One
Two
hree
Four
Five
Six
Appendix
Notes
Bibliograpy
Index
ix
Sout Asian Muslim Yout in te United States after /
Imperial Feelings: U.S. Empire and te War on Terror
Cultural Citizensip
Transnational Citizensip: Flexibility and Control
Economies of Citizensip: Work, Play, and Polyculturalism
Dissenting Citizensip: Orientalisms, Feminisms, and Dissenting Feelings
Missing: Fear, Complicity, and Solidarity
A Note on Metods
Acknowledgments
he acknowledgments are usually te place were te autor names te individuals or groups tat ave enabled te production of wat is inevitably a collectively saped artifact, despite te often soli-tary process of writing. In my case, I am unable to name tose I would really like to tank for making tis book possible—te young people wose stories I include in tis book, as well as teir families and friends, wose names I cannot reveal for reasons of confidentiality and safety but wo allowed me to narrate teir experiences and sare teir critique. I am indebted to tem for being willing to be so can-did wit me at a time wen not just immigrants, butalso citizens, were esitant to sare teir views for fear of backlas. his was a moment tat was vari-ously frustrating, scary, painful, infuriating, and de-pressing for many—including myself—and I want to tank tese students for teir courage and candor tat kept me sane and elped me keep my eyes on te prize. I am very grateful to te public ig scool for letting me do tis researc and for giving me suc open access to te teacers and staff, wo were in-credibly generous wit teir time and let me intrude into teir classrooms. In particular, te director of te International Student Center was extremely tougtful and willing to sare is experiences and insigts wit me. It is largely due to is support of te Muslim immigrant students tat many of tem found spaces were tey could publicly express teir