Evolution of the pectoral girdle and forelimb in Sauropodomorpha (Dinosauria, Saurischia) [Elektronische Ressource] : osteology, myology and function / von Kristian Remes

EVOLUTION OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLE AND FORELIMB IN SAUROPODOMORPHA (DINOSAURIA, SAURISCHIA): OSTEOLOGY, MYOLOGY AND FUNCTION von Dipl.-Geol. Kristian Remes Dissertation der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades (Dr. rer. nat.) Eingereicht zur Beurteilung am 06.12.2007 Betreuer: PD Dr. Oliver Rauhut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Martin Sander, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Datum der mündlichen Prüfung: 21.04.2008 9?z?s?Qqfwjt{ REMES Sauropodomorph forelimb evolution 5 0 Contents 0 Contents __________________________________________________ 5 Anatomical abbreviations 9 Institutional abbreviations 12 1 Introduction ______________________________________________ 14 2 Material and Methods ______________________________________ 24 3 A review of archosaurian forelimb musculature: The fundament for reconstructions in extinct taxa _______________ 34 Introduction 34 General theoretical aspects of phylogenetic inference of musculature 35 Variation and the choice of extant sample taxa 37 Archosaurian forelimb myology 39 I. Cingulo-axial muscles 41 1. M. cucullaris (C) 41 2. M. rhomboideus (R) 43 3. M. levator scapulae (LS) 45 4. M. serratus superficialis (SS) 47 5. M.