EPNES Tutorial on Power Dist Systems GTH

Description

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineerseconcepor alTutorial onPower Distribution CircuitsG. HeydtArizona State UniversityMarch, 2003Arizona State UniversityArizona State University1Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineerseconcepor alWhat is power distribution?Power systems are made up of:!Generation!Transmission!DistributionGeneration systems are the large generating units that produce AC voltages at high power levels.Transmission systems are long distance, very high power level systems to transmit power from city to city.Distribution systems are local, lower power systems that take power from the intercity grid and bring this to residences, commercial customers, and industrials.Arizona State UniversityArizona State University2Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineerseconcepor alTypical numbersTransmis- Generation Distributionsion Typical 35 kV 345 kV 15 kV voltages Typical 800 MW 800 MW 1 MW power Local in In a power Inter-city, Typical size neighbor-plant 200 km hood, 5 km Arizona State UniversityArizona State University3Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineerseconcepor alTypical configurationsTransmission systems are NETWORKED usually. That is there are many loads and many sources, and many lines that join these points in a mesh, networked fashion.PRESCOTTWINSLOWFLAGSTAFFTEMPEPHOENIXHOLBROOKNOGALESArizona State UniversityArizona State University4Power Engineering ...

Informations

• Publié par: Fiob
• Nombre de lectures: 24
• Langue: English

Extrait

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Tutorial on Power Distribution Circuits

G. Heydt

Arizona State University

March, 2003

Arizona State University

1

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

What is power distribution?

Power systems are made up of:

! Generation ! Transmission ! Distribution

Generation systems are the large generating units that produce AC voltages at high power levels.

Transmission systems are long distance, very high power level systems to transmit power from city to city.

Distribution systems are local, lower power systems that take power from the intercity grid and bring this to residences, commercial customers, and industrials.

Arizona State University

2

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

  Typical voltages  Typical power

Typical size  

Typical numbers

Generation  35 kV

35 kV

800 MW

In a power plant

Transmis- sion 345 kV

345 kV

800 MW

Inter-city,  200 km

Distribution 15 kV

15 kV

1 MW

Local in neighbor- hood, 5 km

Arizona State University

3

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Typical configurations

Transmission systems are NETWORKED usually. That is there are many loads and many sources, and many lines that join these points in a mesh, networked fashion.

FLAGSTAFF

PHOENIX

NOGALES

PRESCOTT

WINSLOW

TEMPE

HOLBROOK

Arizona State University

4

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Typical configurations

Transmission systems are networked so that power can be delivered between load centers by several routes. If a line is removed from service, power can be rerouted. Like power delivered to Nogales from Flagstaff by two different routes.

FLAGSTAFF

PHOENIX

NOGALES

PRESCOTT

WINSLOW

TEMPE

HOLBROOK

Arizona State University

5

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Distribution systems

Distribution system configuration is usually different -- rather than being networked, distribution systems are usually RADIAL. That means lines go from A to B to C to D to ...

RURAL RD PRICE RD

MESA-W

MESA-C

MAIN ST

Arizona State University

6

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Distribution systems

Power can only flow in one direction in the radial system

RURAL RD

PRICE RD

MESA-W

MESA-C

MAIN ST

Arizona State University

7

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Distribution systems

Why is this configuration used?

! Safety (only one source direction - when it is interrupted, the line is dead) ! Cost -- it is cheaper ! Easy to locate problems

RURAL RD PRICE RD

MESA-W

MESA-C

MAIN ST

Arizona State University

8

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Networked Systems

But there are advantages of reliability of networked systems - provided cost, safety, control, and maintenance issues can be resolved.

Arizona State University

9

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

A TYPICAL RADIAL DISTRIBUTION  SYSTEM

Arizona State University

10

Power Engineering concepts for Industrial Engineers

Research and study areas

! The reliability vs. cost of networked systems versus radial systems ! Use of networked systems (they do this in big cities like Chicago and New York) ! Control of power in a networked distribution system

TOTAL COST

INVESTMENT COST

COST OF SERVICE INTERRUPTIONS AND LOSS OF PRODUCTIVITY

Deployment of distribution components, multiple feeds, and over-capacity

Arizona State University

11