In Peace and War

Jeffrey L. Cruikshank

Description

Founded in 1937, the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, New York, has trained more than 20,000 professional mariners—and, in the process, has weathered many turbulent times.

In Peace and War draws on extensive research—including archival work and interviews with past and present-day administrators, alumni, and current midshipmen—to document the Academy's evolution from its beginnings to the present.

This balanced and comprehensive work details the vision and contributions of determined leaders, both at Kings Point and in Washington, who shaped the Academy. It describes the evolution of the U.S. merchant marine, and explains how a tragic fire aboard the passenger ship SS Morro Castle off the coast of New Jersey—in which the shameful behavior of the ship's crew caused the unnecessary deaths of many passengers—led to the passage of the Merchant Marine Act in 1936, which paved the way for the Academy.

It details how Kings Point has adjusted its training and priorities to meet the evolving needs of the nation. For example: visual signaling training was added to the curriculum in response to the growing threat from German subs in the months leading up to World War II. In June 1940, Cadet William O'Reilly's frantic signaling from the SS Washington—a vessel carrying more than 1,700 refugees—averted its sinking by a hostile submarine.

From its inception, Kings Point has used the high seas as a campus, with its students shipping out for a full year on commercial vessels to receive a thorough grounding in practical seamanship. In wartime, this has meant that Kings Point cadets often have found themselves in harm's way, and some have paid the ultimate price. Between 1942 and 1945, for example, 142 Kings Point cadets were lost in action, and countless others survived attacks all around the world. At other times, the conflict has been closer to home. The book also describes the Academy's invaluable service after 9/11, when Kings Point personnel and vessels worked around the clock to ferry fire-fighters and rescue personnel to and from nearby Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan.

Using compelling examples, In Peace and War conveys the educational experience at the Academy today, including the regiment of midshipmen and the required Sea Year, both of which sharply distinguish Kings Point from almost all other educational institutions. It uses the stories of ten graduates in Norfolk, Virginia, to explain what today's "merchant marine" is, and to illustrate the wide range of careers and leadership roles for which the Academy prepares its students. Finally, the book details the dedication of the many alumni and other supporters who are committed to continuing Kings Point's contributions to the nation and the maritime industry, and to preserving the proud traditions of this venerable institution.

Sujets

• Histoire
• Armada de los Estados Unidos
• Merchant Marine Act of 1936
• Kings Point
• United States Merchant Marine Academy
• Military history of the United States
• Military
• United States Armed Forces
• Naval
• History
• United States Navy
• 9
• 11

Informations

• Publié par: Turner Publishing Company
• Date de parution: 01 septembre 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781620458785
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

In Peace and War

In Peace and War
A History of the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point
Jeffrey L. Cruikshank and Chlo G. Kline

John Wiley Sons, Inc.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Copyright 2008 by the American Maritime History Project, Inc. All rights reserved
Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
Published simultaneously in Canada
Wiley Bicentennial Logo: Richard J. Pacifico
Design and composition by Navta Associates, Inc.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, [phone], fax [phone], or on the web at www.copyright.com . Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, [phone], fax [phone], or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions .
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and the author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Cruikshank, Jeffrey L.
In peace and war: a history of the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point / Jeffrey L. Cruikshank and Chl e G. Kline.
p. cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-13601-0 (cloth)
1. United States Merchant Marine Academy-History. I. Kline, Chl e G. II. Title. III. Title: History of the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point.
VK525.U6C65 2007
387.5071 173-dc22
2007006473
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
From struggle comes strength
The Merchant Marine Song
Heave ho!
My lads, heave ho!
It s a long, long way to go,
It s a long, long pull with our hatches full,
Braving the wind,
Braving the sea,
Fighting the treacherous foe.
Heave ho!
My lads, heave ho!
Let the sea roll high or low,
We can cross any ocean, sail any river, give us the goods and we will deliver,
Damn the submarine!
We re the men of the Merchant Marine!
Contents
The American Maritime History Project
Foreword by Vice Admiral Joseph D. Stewart, USMS
Acknowledgments

1 A Norfolk Interlude: Serving the Maritime Industry, 2003
2 Planting the Seeds
3 Conceived in Peace: 1937-1941
4 Embodied in War: 1940-1945
5 Making Peacetime Headway: 1945-1950
6 Weathering New Storms: 1950-1960
7 Building on the Foundations: 1955-1970
8 Widening the Scope: 1970-1980
9 The Guns Return: 1970-1980
10 Safe Harbor: 1980-1987
11 Broadening the Mission: 1987-1992
12 Reinventing the Academy: 1993-1999
13 Renewal, Tragedy, and Commitment: 2000-2004
14 Scenes from an Education: 2003-2006

Appendix A Maritime Administrators
Appendix B Superintendents, USMMA
Appendix C Academic Deans, USMMA
Appendix D Commandants/Regimental Officers, USMMA
Appendix E Hall of Distinguished Graduates
Appendix F Cadets and Graduates Killed in World War II
Appendix G Number of Graduates by Year and by Nation, State, and Territory (1938-2006)
Appendix H Names of Academy Buildings and Locations
Appendix I Academy Training Ships
Appendix J Oral Histories
Appendix K Alumni Business Leadership Rankings
Appendix L List of Contributors to the American Maritime History Project for the History of the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy
Notes
Bibliography
Photo Credits
Index
The American Maritime History Project
The American Maritime History Project, founded in 1996, seeks to record, preserve, and communicate the four-hundred-year story of America s rich seafaring history.
Board of Directors
Allen, Virgil R.
Commander, U.S. Coast Guard (Ret)
Vice President, USN Memorial Foundation
Gibson, Charles Dana
Maritime Historian, Author
Herberger, Albert J.
Vice Admiral, USN (Ret)
Maritime Administrator 1993-1997
Leback, Captain Warren G.
Maritime Administrator 1989-1992
Lombardo, Dr. Gary A. (Vice President)
Assistant Dean, USMMA
Lumbard, Eliot H., Esq. (Chair)
Attorney
Mazek, Dr. Warren F. (Vice President)
Dean and Assistant Superintendent, USMMA
O Neil, David A. (deceased)
President, Seaworthy Systems
President, SNAME (1997-1998)
Marine Engineer
Patterson, Thomas J.
Rear Admiral, USMS (Ret)
Assistant Superintendent, USMMA
Peterson, Ellsworth L.
President, Peterson Builders (Ret)
Shipbuilder
Romano, Anthony P. Jr. (Treasurer)
Chair and CEO, Gibbs Cox (Ret)
Marine Engineer
Ryan, George J.
President, Lake Carriers Association (Ret)
Seiberlich, Carl J. (deceased)
Rear Admiral, USN (Ret)
Maritime and Intermodal Consultant
Sherman, Fred S.
Managing Partner, Management Transportation Associates
Maritime Consultant
Yocum, James H.
Investment Adviser
Former Chair, USMMA Alumni Association
History Adviser
Roland, Dr. Alex
Professor and Former Chair, History Department
Duke University
Advisory Committee
Ackerman, James H. Esq. (deceased)
Law Office, J. H. Ackerman
Maritime Attorney
Aron, Peter A.
President, J. Aron Charitable Foundation
Billy, Dr. George B. (Secretary)
Librarian, USMMA
Braynard, Frank O.
Maritime Historian, Author, Lecturer
Curator Emeritus, American Merchant Marine Museum
Brickman, Dr. Jane P.
Professor and Head of Humanities, USMMA
Cushing, Dr. Charles R.
President, C. R. Cushing Co.
Naval Architect
Femenia, Jose
Professor and Head of Engineering, USMMA
President, SNAME (1999-2000) Marine Engineer
Forster, Donald W.
Chairman, Power Technology Marine Engineer
Hayden, Reginald M. Jr., Esq.
Hayden Milliken, PA
Maritime Attorney
Former Chair, USMMA Alumni Association
Hightower, John
President, Mariners Museum
Kelly, Edward V.
Vice President, American Maritime Officers
Kiefer, Robert H.
George G. Sharp, Inc. (Ret)
Marine Engineer
Kurz, Adolph B. (deceased)
Keystone Shipping Co.
Maitland, Guy E. C., Esq.
Managing Partner, International Registries
Markoe, Dr. Karen E.
Chair, Department of Humanities, Maritime College
State University of New York
Maxtone-Graham, John
Maritime Historian, Author, Lecturer
McCready, Lauren S.
Rear Admiral, USMS (Ret)
Professor and Head of Engineering, USMMA
Moore, Captain Arthur R.
Maritime Historian, Author
Palmer, Dr. Janet F. (Ret)
Former Registrar, USMMA
Renick, Captain Charles M.
President Emeritus
American Merchant Marine Museum
Searle, George R.
Past National President
American Merchant Marine Veterans
(World War II)
Shirley, James T. Jr., Esq.
Haight Gardner Holland Knight
Maritime Attorney
Former Chair, USMMA Alumni Association
Starer, Brian D., Esq.
Haight Gardner Holland Knight
Maritime Attorney
Stewart, Joseph D.
Vice Admiral, USMS
Superintendent, USMMA
Wallischeck, Commander Eric Y.
Waterfront Director, USMS
Yocum Sailing Center, USMMA
Wilcox, Thomas
Director, Maine Maritime Museum
Foreword
I am pleased to provide these introductory comments for In Peace and War , a new and comprehensive history of the institution at which I am honored to serve.
I d like to offer observations in three categories: where this unusual volume comes from, its principal lessons-at least as I see them-and the relevance those lessons might have for our future as a school and a nation.
First, the origins of this book: over the past five years or so, an independent foundation called the American Maritime History Project (AMHP) has launched a series of projects aimed at documenting and illuminating a generally misunderstood industry, the United States merchant marine. The chair and driving force behind that foundation is an alumnus of this Academy, Eliot H. Lumbard, Esq., a member of the class of 45, a mariner, public servant, criminal justice reformer, and valued counselor. Eliot seeks no recognition for himself, and he has struggled to keep his name out of any prominent place in this volume. The fact that these particular words are appearing in print means that he has lost that struggle-an unusual occurrence for a man as energetic and determined as we all know Eliot to be. But it is a war he deserves to lose. Thank you, Eliot.
Eliot and his distinguished colleagues on the AMHP board of directors first commissioned a survey of the domestic maritime industry, dating back to the colonial era and continuing up to the present. That book project was tentatively titled The Way of the Ship: A Maritime History of the United States, 1600-2000 . As it progressed, it became clear that the story of this Academy needed to be treated separately and in a different way. That realization led to the commissioning of this book.
I think that decision says a great deal about both the AMHP and its leadership. There was already in existence at that time a history of Kings Point (as this school is affectionately known to its graduates and other friends). That