Expedition into Central Australia

Charles Sturt

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• Publié par: showyar
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 9
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

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Project Gutenberg's Expedition into Central Australia, by Charles Sturt

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

Title: Expedition into Central Australia

Author: Charles Sturt

Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #4976]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EXPEDITION INTO CENTRAL AUSTRALIA ***

Produced by Col Choat

PRODUCTION NOTES: 1. Notes have been placed in square brackets[] where indicated in the published text or at the end of the paragraph, as appropriate. 2. Italics in the published text have been capitalised in the eBook, with the exception of common and scientific names appearing in the appendices at the end of volume 2, which appear in the eBook as normal text. 3. Errata have been corrected. Original text has been placed in the eBook between braces{}.

NARRATIVE OF AN EXPEDITION INTO CENTRAL AUSTRALIA PERFORMED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF HER MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT, DURING THE YEARS 1844, 5, AND 6, TOGETHER WITH A NOTICE OF THE PROVINCE OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA IN 1847. IN 2 VOLUMES.

TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE THE EARL GREY, ETC. ETC. ETC.

MY LORD,

Although the services recorded in the following pages, which your Lordship permits me to dedicate to you, have not resulted in the discovery of any country immediately available for the purposes of colonization, I would yet venture to hope that they have not been fruitlessly undertaken, but that, as on the occasion of my voyage down the Murray River, they will be the precursors of future advantage to my country and to the Australian colonies.

Under present disappointment it must be as gratifying to those who participated in my labours, as it is to myself to know that they are not the less appreciated by your Lordship, because they were expended in a desert.

I can only assure your Lordship, that it has been my desire to give a faithful description of the country that has been explored, and of the difficulties attending the task; nor can I refuse myself the anticipation that the perusal of these volumes will excite your Lordship's interest and sympathy. I have the honour to be,

My Lord,

Your Lordship's Most obedient humble servant, CHARLES STURT.

London, November 21,1848.

NOTICE.

It might have been expected that many specimens, both of Botany and Ornithology, would have been collected during such an Expedition as that which the present narrative describes, but the contrary happened to be the case.

I am proud in having to record the name of my esteemed friend, Mr. Brown, the companion of Flinders, and the learned author of the "Prodromus Novae Hollandiae," to whose kindness I am indebted for the Botanical Remarks in the Appendix.

To my warm-hearted friend, Mr. Gould, whose splendid works are before the Public, and whose ardent pursuits in furtherance of his ambition, I have personally witnessed, I owe the more perfect form in which my ornithological notice appears.

I have likewise to acknowledge, with very sincere feelings, the assistance I have received from Mr. Arrowsmith, in the construction of my Map, to whose anxious desire to ensure correctness and professional talent I am very greatly indebted.

I hope the gentlemen whose names I have mentioned will accept my best thanks for the assistance they have afforded me in my humble labours. It is not the least of the gratifications enjoyed by those who are employed on services similar to which I have been engaged, to be brought more immediately in connection with such men.

London, November 21, 1848.

CHAPTER I

Chaining over the Sandhills to Lake Torrens

CONTENTS

VOLUME I.

CHARACTER OF THE AUSTRALIAN CONTINENT OF ITS RIVERS PECULIARITY OF THE DARLING SUDDEN FLOODS TO WHICH IT IS SUBJECT CHARACTER OF THE MURRAY ITS PERIODICAL RISE BOUNTY OF PROVIDENCE GEOLOGICAL POSITION OF THE TWO RIVERS OBSERVATIONS RESULTS SIR THOMAS MITCHELL'S JOURNEY TO THE DARLING ITS JUNCTION WITH THE MURRAY ANECDOTE OF MR. SHANNON CAPTAIN GREY'S EXPEDITION CAPTAIN STURT'S JOURNEY MR. EYRE'S SECOND EXPEDITION VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE MR. OXLEY'S OPINIONS STATE OF THE INTERIOR IN 1828 CHARACTER OF ITS PLAINS AND RIVERS JUNCTION OF THE DARLING FOSSIL BED OF THE MURRAY FORMER STATE OF THE CONTINENT THEORY OF THE INTERIOR.

CHAPTER II

PREPARATIONS FOR DEPARTURE ARRIVAL AT MOORUNDI NATIVE GUIDES NAMES OF THE PARTY SIR JOHN BARROW'S MINUTE REPORTS OF LAIDLEY'S PONDS CLIMATE OF THE MURRAY PROGRESS UP THE RIVER ARRIVAL AT LAKE BONNEY

GRASSY PLAINS CAMBOLI'S HOME TRAGICAL EVENTS IN THAT NEIGHBOURHOOD PULCANTI ARRIVAL AT THE RUFUS VISIT TO THE NATIVE FAMILIES RETURN OF MR. EYRE TO MOORUNDI DEPARTURE OF MR. BROWNE TO THE EASTWARD.

CHAPTER III

MR. BROWNE'S RETURN HIS ACCOUNT OF THE COUNTRY CHANGE OF SCENE CONTINUED RAIN TOONDA JOINS THE PARTY STORY OF THE MASSACRE LEAVE LAKE VICTORIA ACCIDENT TO FLOOD TURN NORTHWARDS CROSS TO THE DARLING MEET NATIVES TOONDA'S HAUGHTY MANNER NADBUCK'S CUNNING ABUNDANCE OF FEED SUDDEN FLOODS BAD COUNTRY ARRIVAL AT WILLIORARA CONSEQUENT DISAPPOINTMENT PERPLEXITY MR. POOLE GOES TO THE RANGES MR. BROWNE'S RETURN FOOD OF THE NATIVES POSITION OF WILLIORARA.

CHAPTER IV

TOONDA'S TRIBE DISPOSITION OF THE NATIVES ARRIVAL OF CAMBOLI HIS ENERGY OF CHARACTER MR. POOLE'S RETURN LEAVE THE DARLING REMARKS ON THAT RIVER CAWNDILLA THE OLD BOOCOLO LEAVE THE CAMP FOR THE HILLS REACH A CREEK WELLS TOPAR'S MISCONDUCT ASCEND THE RANGES RETURN HOMEWARDS EAVE CAWNDILLA WITH A PARTY REACH PARNARI MOVE TO THE HILLS JOURNEY TO N. WEST HEAVY RAINS RETURN TO CAMP MR. POOLE LEAVES

LEAVE THE RANGES DESCENT TO THE PLAINS MR. POOLE'S RETURN HIS REPORT FLOOD'S CREEK AQUATIC BIRDS RANGES DIMINISH IN HEIGHT.

CHAPTER V

NATIVE WOMEN SUDDEN SQUALL JOURNEY TO THE EASTWARD VIEW FROM MOUNT LYELL INCREASED TEMPERATURE MR. POOLE'S RETURN HIS REPORT LEAVE FLOOD'S CREEK ENTANGLED IN THE PINE FOREST DRIVE THE CATTLE TO WATER EXTRICATE THE PARTY STATE OF THE MEN MR. POOLE AND MR. BROWNE LEAVE THE CAMP PROCEED NORTHWARDS CAPT. STURT LEAVES FOR THE NORTH RAPID DISAPPEARANCE OF WATER MUDDY CREEK GEOLOGICAL FORMATION GYPSUM PUSH ON TO THE RANGES RETURN TO THE CREEK AGAIN ASCEND THE RANGES FIND WATER BEYOND THEM PROCEED TO THE W.N.W. RETURN TO THE RANGES ANTS AND FLIES TURN TO THE EASTWARD NO WATER RETURN TO THE CAMP MR. POOLE FINDS WATER MACK'S ADVENTURE WITH THE NATIVES MOVE THE CAMP.

CHAPTER VI

THE DEPOT FURTHER PROGRESS CHECKED CHARACTER OF THE RANGES JOURNEY TO THE NORTH-EAST RETURN JOURNEY TO THE WEST RETURN AGAIN PROCEED TO THE NORTH INTERVIEW WITH NATIVES ARRIVE AT THE FARTHEST WATER THE PARTY SEPARATES PROGRESS NORTHWARDS CONTINUE TO ADVANCE SUFFERINGS OF THE HORSE

CROSS THE 28TH PARALLEL REJOIN MR. STUART JOURNEY TO THE WESTWARD CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY FIND TWO PONDS OF WATER THE GRASSY PARK RETURN TO THE RANGE EXCESSIVE HEAT A SINGULAR GEOLOGICAL FEATURE REGAIN THE DEPOT.

CHAPTER VII

MIGRATION OF THE BIRDS JOURNEY TO THE EASTWARD FLOODED PLAINS NATIVE FAMILY PROCEED SOUTH, BUT FIND NO WATER AGAIN TURN EASTWARD STERILE COUNTRY SALT LAGOON DISTANT HILLS TO THE EAST RETURN TO THE CAMP INTENSE HEAT OFFICERS ATTACKED BY SCURVY JOURNEY TO THE WEST NO WATER FORCED TO RETURN ILLNESS OF MR. POOLE VISITED BY A NATIVE SECOND JOURNEY TO THE EASTWARD STORY OF THE NATIVE KITES AND CROWS ERECT A PYRAMID ON MOUNT POOLE PREPARATIONS FOR A MOVE INDICATIONS OF RAIN INTENSE ANXIETY HEAVY RAIN MR. POOLE LEAVES WITH THE HOME RETURNING PARTY BREAK UP THE DEPOT MR. POOLE'S SUDDEN DEATH HIS FUNERAL PROGRESS WESTWARD THE JERBOA ESTABLISHMENT OF SECOND DEPOT NATIVE GLUTTONY DISTANT MOUNTAINS SEEN REACH LAKE TORRENS EXAMINATION OF THE COUNTRY N.W. OF IT RETURN TO THE DEPOT VISITED BY NATIVES PREPARATIONS FOR DEPARTURE AGAIN INTO THE NORTH-WEST INTERIOR.

CHAPTER VIII

LEAVE THE DEPOT FOR THE NORTH-WEST SCARCITY OF WATER

FOSSIL LIMESTONE ARRIVE AT THE FIRST CREEK EXTENSIVE PLAINS SUCCESSION OF CREEKS FLOODED CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY POND WITH FISH STERILE COUNTRY GRASSY PLAINS INTREPID NATIVE COUNTRY APPARENTLY IMPROVES DISAPPOINTMENTS WATER FOUND APPEARANCE OF THE STONY DESERT NIGHT THEREON THE EARTHY PLAIN HILLS RAISED BY REFRACTION RECOMMENCEMENT OF THE SAND RIDGES THEIR UNDEVIATING REGULARITY CONJECTURES AS TO THE DESERT RELATIVE POSITION OF LAKE TORRENS CONCLUDING REMARKS.

CHAPTER IX

FLOOD'S QUICK SIGHT FOREST FULL OF BIRDS NATIVE WELL BIRDS COLLECT TO DRINK DANGEROUS PLAIN FLOOD'S HORSE LOST SCARCITY OF WATER TURN NORTHWARD DISCOVER A LARGE CREEK BRIGHT PROSPECTS SUDDEN DISAPPOINTMENT SALT LAGOON SCARCITY OF WATER SALT WATER CREEK CHARACTER OF THE INTERIOR FORCED TO TURN BACK RISK OF ADVANCING THE FURTHEST NORTH RETURN TO AND EXAMINATION OF THE CREEK PROCEED TO THE WESTWARD DREADFUL COUNTRY JOURNEY TO THE NORTH AGAIN FORCED TO RETURN NATIVES STATION ON THE CREEK CONCLUDING REMARKS.

PLATES TO VOLUME I.

Chaining over the Sandhills to Lake Torrens

Sketch of the Sturt's tracks and discoveries

Sunset on the Murray

Colonel Gawler's Camp on the Murray

Ana-branch of the Darling

Mus Conditor

Parnari

Lower part of the Rocky Glen

Geological formation of the Ranges

Part of the Northern Range

General appearance of the Northern Ranges at their termination

Native Village in the northern interior

The Depot Glen

Milvus Affinis

Water Hole

Red Hill, or Mount Poole

Mr. Poole's Grave

Lake Torrens

Pond with Fish

Native Well

Near the camp at Cawndilla

Mr. Arrowsmith, has prepared a large Map of Captain Sturt's routes into the centre of Australia, from the original protractions and other official documents, now in his hands.

On this Map are delineated the whole of the details resulting from his numerous route,--the dates marking his daily progress--the description of the country--its dip-the depressed Stony Desert, which is probably the great northern prolongation of the Torrens Basin of Mr. Eyre,--etc. etc. etc.

This Map in two sheets may be had in a cover, price 7 shillings.

CHAPTER II/I

VOLUME II.

REFLECTIONS ON OUR DIFFICULTIES COMMENCE THE RETREAT EYRE'S CREEK PASS THE NATIVE WELL RECROSS THE STONY DESERT FIND ANOTHER WELL WITHOUT WATER NATIVES SUCCESSFUL FISHING VALUE OF SHEEP

DECIDE ON A RETREAT PROPOSE THAT MR. BROWNE SHOULD LEAVE HIS REFUSAL TO DESERT THE PARTY MR. BROWNE'S DECISION PREPARE TO LEAVE THE CAMP REMARKS ON THE CLIMATE AGAIN LEAVE THE DEPOT SINGULAR EXPLOSION DISCOVER A LARGE CREEK PROCEED TO THE NORTH RECURRENCE OF SAND RIDGES SALT WATER LAKE AGAIN STRIKE THE STONY DESERT ATTEMPT TO CROSS IT.

CHAPTER II/II

THE HORSES ASCEND THE HILLS IRRESOLUTION AND RETREAT HORSES REDUCED TO GREAT WANT UNEXPECTED RELIEF TRY THE DESERT TO THE N.E. FIND WATER IN OUR LAST WELL REACH THE CREEK PROCEED TO THE EASTWARD PLAGUE OF FLIES AND ANTS SURPRISE AN OLD MAN SEA-GULLS AND PELICANS FISH POOL OF BRINE MEET NATIVES TURN TO THE N.E. COOPER'S CREEK TRIBE, THEIR KINDNESS AND APPEARANCE ATTEMPT TO CROSS THE PLAINS TURN BACK PROCEED TO THE NORTHWARD EFFECTS OF REFRACTION FIND NATIVES AT OUR OLD CAMP AND THE STORES UNTOUCHED COOPER'S CREEK, ITS GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION.

CHAPTER II/III

CONTINUED DROUGHT TERRIFIC EFFECT OF HOT WIND THERMOMETER BURSTS DEATH OF POOR BAWLEY FIND THE STOCKADE DESERTED LEAVE FORT GREY FOR THE DEPOT DIFFERENCE OF SEASONS MIGRATION OF BIRDS HOT WINDS EMBARRASSING POSITION MR. BROWNE STARTS FOR FLOOD'S CREEK THREE BULLOCKS SHOT COMMENCEMENT OF THE RETREAT ARRIVAL AT FLOOD'S CREEK STATE OF VEGETATION

EFFECTS OF SCURVY ARRIVE AT ROCKY GLEN COMPARISON OF NATIVE TRIBES HALT AT CARNAPAGA ARRIVAL AT CAWNDILLA REMOVAL TO THE DARLING LEAVE THE DARLING STATE OF THE RIVER OPPRESSIVE HEAT VISITED BY NADBUCK ARRIVAL AT MOORUNDI.

CHAPTER II/IV

REMARKS ON THE SEASON DRY STATE OF THE ATMOSPHERE THERMOMETRICAL OBSERVATIONS WINDS IN THE INTERIOR DIRECTION OF THE RANGES GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS NON-EXISTENCE OF ANY CENTRAL CHAIN PROBABLE COURSE OF THE STONY DESERT WHETHER CONNECTED WITH LAKE TORRENS OPINIONS OF CAPTAIN FLINDERS NO INFORMATION DERIVED FROM THE NATIVES THE NATIVES THEIR PERSONAL APPEARANCE DISPROPORTION BETWEEN THE SEXES THE WOMEN CUSTOMS OF THE NATIVES THEIR HABITATIONS FOOD LANGUAGE CONCLUSION.

AN ACCOUNT OF THE SEA COAST AND INTERIOR OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA; WITH OBSERVATIONS ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS CONNECTED WITH ITS INTERESTS.

CHAPTER III/I

DUTIES OF AN EXPLORER GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA DESCRIPTION OF ITS COAST LINE SEA MOUTH OF THE MURRAY ENTERED BY MR. PULLEN RISK OF THE ATTEMPT BEACHING ROSETTA HARBOUR VICTOR HARBOUR NEPEAN BAY KANGAROO ISLAND KINGSCOTE CAPT. LEE'S INSTRUCTIONS FOR PORT ADELAIDE PORT ADELAIDE REMOVAL TO THE NORTH ARM HARBOUR MASTER'S REPORT