vocabulaire anglais banque bank

Description

vocabulaire anglais banque bank

Informations

• Publié par: aramis
• Nombre de lectures: 1 729
• Langue: Français

Extrait

Types of banks

Complete the text using these words :

(1

Central banks

)

supervise the banking system ; fix the minimum interest rate ; issue

bank notes ; control the money supply ; influence exchange rates ; and act as lender of last

resort.

(2)

:

commercial banks, retail banks

are businesses that trade in money. They receive

and hold deposits in current and savings accounts, pay money according to customers’

instructions, lend money and offer investment advice, foreign exchange facilities, and so on.

In some countries such as England these banks have branches in all major towns, in other

countries there are small regional banks. Under American law, for example, banks can operate

in only one state. Some countries have banks that were originally confined to a single

industry, e.g. the Crédit Agricole in France, but these now have a

much wider customer base.

In some European countries, notably Germany, Austria and Switzerland, there are

universal

banks

:

which combine deposit and loan banking with share and bond dealing,

investment advice etc….

Yet these banks usually form a subsidiary known as

finance houses

to lend money

-

at several per cent over the base lending rate

-

for hire purchase or

instalment credit, that is loans to customers that are repaid in regular, equal monthly amounts.

In Britain, the USA and Japan, however, there is, or used to be, a strict separation between

commercial banks and banks that do stockbroking or bond dealing. Thus in Britain, (5)

:

merchant banks

specialise in raising funds for industry on the various financial markets,

financing international trade, issuing and underwriting securities, dealing with take-overs and

mergers, issuing government bonds and so on. They also offer stockbroking and portfolio

management services to rich corporate and individual clients.

investment banks

in the USA are similar, but they can only act as intermediaries offering

advisory services and do not offer loans themselves.

Yet despite the Glass-Steagall Act in the USA, and Article 65, imposed by the Americans in

Japan in 1945, which enforce this separation, the distinction between commercial and