The M.I.T. Press, 1962

Description

• mémoire
• mémoire - matière potentielle : organization
• mémoire - matière potentielle : allocation
• expression écrite - matière potentielle : recursive func - tions of s - expressions

• complete lisp program
• lisp language
• lisp programming system
• list structure
• universal lisp function
• atomic symbol
• elementary functions
• u.s. army
• u. s. army

Sujets

• Mémoire
• Organization
• Allocation
• Edwards
• Abrahams
• Artificial Intelligence
• Raphaël
• Slagle Township, Michigan
• Rochester

Informations

• Publié par: ictea0
• Nombre de lectures: 18
• Langue: English

Extrait

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

This Free E−Book is brought to you byNatural−Aging.com.

100% Effective Natural Hormone Treatment Menopause, Andropause And Other Hormone Imbalances Impair Healthy Healing In People Over The Age Of 30!

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

By Patrick Jackson

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs by Patrick Jackson

===================================

by Patrick Jackson © Patrick Jackson − All Rights Reserved 2004 http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com ===================================

Spanish Grammar Lesson Reflexive Verbs and Reflexive Pronouns

This Spanish Grammar lesson covers Reflexive Verbs and Reflexive Pronouns. In Spanish, a verb is considered reflexive if the subject (the performer of the action) and the object (the receiver of the action) are the same.

Here's an example of a reflexive verb being used in English:

I wash myself.

In the above sentence the verb "wash" is considered reflexive because the subject or the one performing the action ("I") and the object or the one receiving the action ("myself") are the same. On the other hand, if I said "I wash the baby," the verb "wash" is no longer reflexive because the subject or the one performing the action ("I") and the object or the one receiving the action ("baby") are not the same.

Spanish reflexive verbs consist of a verb and a reflexive pronoun. The following are reflexive pronouns or objects of reflexive verbs.

me myself teyourself (tú form)

1

seyourself (usted form) nosourselves sethemselves, yourselves

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

When there is just one verb in the sentence, the reflexive pronoun must come before the reflexive verb.

Me baño. I wash myself

However, when there are two verbs in the sentence, the reflexive pronoun either comes right before the first verb or follows the second verb.

Quiero bañarme. I want to wash myself.

Me quiero bañar. I want to wash myself.

Here are some examples using reflexive verbs.

Me afeito I shave myself

Te duchas You take a shower

Se llama Juan He calls himself John

Nos dormimos We fall asleep

No nos sentamos We don't sit down

Se enojan They get mad

Se levantan All of you get up

Te cepillas los dientes You brush your teeth.

2

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

Literally, "los dientes" means "the teeth" and not "your teeth." Since we are using the reflexive pronoun "te" it is obvious whose teeth we are talking about.

Here some common reflexive verbs in Spanish.

acostarse to go to bed afeitarseto shave oneself bañarseto bathe oneself casarse (con alguien)to get married, to marry someone cepillarseto brush oneself despertarse (ie) to wake up desvestirse (i)to get undressed divertirse (ie)to enjoy oneself dormirse (ue)to fall asleep ducharseto take a shower enfermarse to get sick lavarseto wash oneself

levantarseto get up llamarseto be named, to be called mirarseto look at oneself peinarseto comb (one's hair) quitarse (la ropa)to takeoff (one's clothes) secarseto dry one's self sentarse (ie)to sit down sentirse (ie)to feel vestirse (i)to get dressed

Now let's try a few exercises. Translate the following into Spanish. The answers follow the questions.

1.My name is Patrick 2.You brush your hair every evening. (Use "tu" form) 3.You can wash your feet. (Use "tú" form) 4.Do you take a shower or do you take a bath in the morning? (Use the "usted" form) 5.He takes off his pants. 6.We wash our hands before dinner. 7. The wake up very late.

Answers.

1.Me llamo Patrick. 2.Te cepillas el pelo cada noche. 3.Te puedes lavar los pies. Puedes lavarte los pies. 4.¿Se ducha o se baña en la mañana?

3

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

5.Se quita los pantalones. 6.Nos lavamos las manos antes de la cena. 7.Se despiertan muy tarde.

======================================= Who else wants to Learn How to Speak Spanish like a real Latin American? Patrick Jackson is the founder of Learning Spanish Like Crazy. A unique method of that combines recorded lessons and live tele−classes. Subscribe today to his Free Learning Spanish Grammar Ezine: mailto: pvjax−[e-mail] Website: http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com ======================================= Reprint Guidelines: **Attn Ezine Editors/Site Owners ** Feel free to reprint this article in its entirety in your ezine or on your web site so long as you leave all links in place, do not modify the content and include my resource box listed above. If you need additional Spanish lessons, check out my lessons archive for fresh, new, content that you can use in your ezine or on your

web site FREE! http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com/archive/ ======================================= Feel free to replace your Learning Spanish Like Crazy Affliate Link in my resource box. Affliate Details at: http://learningspanishaffiliate.com

Patrick Jackson is the founder of Learning Spanish Like Crazy. A unique method of that combines recorded lessons and live tele−classes.Subscribe today to his Free Learning Spanish Grammar Ezine: mailto: pvjax−[e-mail]: http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com

Spanish Grammar Lesson with the Progressive Verb Tense

By Patrick Jackson

Spanish Grammar Lesson with the Progressive Verb Tense by Patrick Jackson

=================================== Spanish Grammar Lesson The Present Progressive Tense by Patrick Jackson

4

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

© Patrick Jackson − All Rights Reserved 2004 http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com ===================================

Spanish Grammar Lesson The Present Progressive Tense

The progressive tense is used to describe actions that are in progress at a specific moment in time (the present). In English, it is the auxiliary verb "to be" and the present participle. In layperson terms, the "present participle" means verbs with "ing" attached to the end of the verb.

The present tense is used much more frequently in English than it is used in Spanish. As in Spanish, we use it to talk about actions that are in progress "now" or "right now." But in English, we also use the present progressive tense to describe habitual actions or to speak in general. For example:

I am living in the suburbs. I am working in the post office. I am taking Spanish lessons.

In Spanish, the present tense is used to emphasize that an action is taking place now. But many Spanish grammar books do not indicate that there is another use for the present progressive tense. And that the present progressive tense can be used to stress that an action is continuous.

I learned this one from trial and error. As embarrassing as it is to admit, a five year old little girl corrected my Spanish grammar. That's how I found out.

The first time it happened it happened with an adult. I was trying to tell an adult that I am learning Spanish. Since the Spanish grammar books taught me that the Spanish present progressive tense is only used to describe actions that are in progress "right now," I did not use the present progressive tense to say that "I am learning Spanish." Because I was not learning Spanish at that specific moment. At that very moment, I was trying to talk to her in Spanish. So I said "Aprendo español." She politely corrected me and said "se dice estoy aprendiendo español".

At the time, I thought that maybe she was wrong and that my textbook was right. So I tried telling my next door neighboor's five year old that "Yo aprendo español" who proudly corrected my Spanish. She told me: you're supposed to say `"yo estoy aprendiendo español."

Forming the Present Progressive Tense

5

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

In Spanish, we form the present progressive tense by conjugating the verb "estar" with the present participle. You form regular "ar" present participles by dropping the "ar" and adding "ando." And you form regular "er" present participles by dropping the "er" and adding "iendo"

Let's try it.

My grandmother is eating pork chops. Mi abuelita está comiendo chuletas de cerdo.

The uncle is working. El tío está trabajando.

The father−in−law is dancing. El suegro está bailando.

The stepmother is cooking the lobster. La madrastra está cocinando la langosta.

The grandson is doing nothing. El nieto no está haciendo nada.

You are washing the windows. Tú estás limpiando las ventanas.

Now let's try a few on your own. The answers appear at the bottom.

1.The nephew is selling cars. 2.The daughter−in−law is writing a letter. 3.The sister−in−law is receiving a lot of gifts. 4.The grandchildren are playing. 5.The cousin is buying a tie. Answers:

1.El sobrino está vendiendo carros. 2.La nuera está escribiendo una carta. 3.La cuñada está recibiendo muchos regalos. 4.Los nietos están jugando. 5.El primo está comprando una corbata.

=========================================================== Who else wants to Learn How to Speak Spanish like a real

Latin American? Patrick Jackson is the founder of Learning Spanish Like Crazy. A unique method of that combines

6

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

recorded lessons and live tele−classes. Subscribe today to his Free Learning Spanish Grammar Ezine: mailto: pat−[e-mail] Website: http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com =========================================================== Reprint Guidelines: **Attn Ezine Editors/Site Owners ** Feel free to reprint this article in its entirety in your ezine or on your web site so long as you leave all links in place, do not modify the content and include my resource box listed above. If you need additional Spanish lessons, check out my lessons archive for fresh, new, content that you can use in your ezine or on your web site FREE! http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com/archive/ ======================================= Feel free to replace your Learning Spanish Like Crazy Affliate Link in my resource box. Affliate Details at: http://learningspanishaffiliate.com

Patrick Jackson is the founder of Learning Spanish Like Crazy. A unique method of that combines recorded lessons and live tele−classes.Subscribe today to his Free Learning Spanish Grammar Ezine: mailto: pat−[e-mail]: http://www.learningspanishlikecrazy.com

7

Spanish Grammar Lessons with Reflexive Verbs

This Free E−Book has been brought to you byNatural−Aging.com.

100% Effective Natural Hormone Treatment Menopause, Andropause And Other Hormone Imbalances Impair Healthy Healing In People Over The Age Of 30!

8

5¼ë½Ú·i}F¨yyXӂÐ7N¢" style="top:639px;left:725px;width:206px;height:29px;">