History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth. Vol. II.

James Anthony Froude

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• Publié par: mephong
• Publié le: 08 décembre 2010
• Nombre de lectures: 53
• Langue: English

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The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth. Vol. II., by James Anthony Froude This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth. Vol. II. Author: James Anthony Froude Release Date: August 14, 2009 [EBook #29687] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORY OF ENGLAND *** Produced by Paul Dring, Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net HISTORY OF ENGLAND FROM THE FALL OF WOLSEY TO THE DEATH OF ELIZABETH. BY JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A. LATE FELLOW OF EXETER COLLEGE, OXFORD. VOLUME II. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER AND COMPANY. 1872. Charles Scribner and Co of No 654 Broadway New York have authority from me to publish all works which I have chiefly written and may hereafter write. J A Froude. London. Jan. 29. 1871. CONTENTS OF VOLUME II. CHAPTER VI. THE PROTESTANTS. PAGE [Pg viii] The Lollards Presentation to Religious Benefices in the Fourteenth Century Statutes of Provisors Rise of the Lollards John Wycliffe Theory of Property Insurrection of Wat Tyler Wycliffe's Influence declines Death of Wycliffe Insurrection of Oldcastle Close of the Lollard Movement New Birth of Protestantism The Christian Brothers Luther Multiplication of Testaments William Tyndal The Antwerp Printing-Press The Christian Brothers Wolsey's Persecutions Story of Anthony Dalaber Escape of Garret Perplexity of the Authorities The Ports are set for Garret's Capture Garret goes to Bristol, and is taken The Investigation at Oxford Doctor London's Intercession The Bishop of Lincoln Oxford is Purged Temper of the Protestants The Fall of Wolsey brings no Relief Sir Thomas More as Chancellor Contrast between Wolsey and More Martyrdom of Bilney Martyrdom of James Bainham Feelings of the People Pavier the Town Clerk The Worship of Relics Roods and Relics The Rood of Dovercourt The Paladins Early Life of Latimer He goes to Cambridge Latimer's Education His Fame as a Preacher He is appointed Chaplain to the King His Defence of the Protestants He is cited before the Bishops Latimer before the Bishops Thomas Cromwell 16 17 21 25 26 28 29 30 31 34 35 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 49 57 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 88 89 90 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 109 Will of Thomas Cromwell 116 CHAPTER VII. THE LAST EFFORTS OF DIPLOMACY. [Pg ix] Mary of Hungary The King is cited to Rome Clement refuses further Delay Isolation of England Henry urgent against the Interview He appeals to a Council Terms of the Appeal Legal Value of the Appeal Cranmer's Sentence known at Rome Measures of the Consistory Henry again calls on Francis He will not surrender his Marriage He will not repeal his Legislation He urges the Rupture of the Interview Recal of the Embassy England and Germany Birth of Elizabeth Clement arrives at Marseilles The Interview Bonner at Marseilles Bonner and the Pope The Pope rejects the Appeal Proposal for a Court to sit at Cambray Francis implores Henry to consent Henry refuses to revoke the Laws against the Papacy State of England The Princess Mary Queen Catherine The Nun of Kent State of Feeling in England Proposed Marriage of the Princess Mary The Nun of Kent Disgrace of Mary The Countess of Salisbury The Nevilles General Superstition Proposals for a Protestant League used as a Menace to Francis The Protestant League The Court of Brussels Meeting of Parliament Perils of the Reformation Cromwell 125 127 128 129 130 132 134 136 137 138 140 141 142 143 144 145 149 150 151 152 153 157 158 159 160 162 165 168 170 178 181 183 184 185 187 191 192 194 196 197 198 199 [Pg x] Opening Measures The Congé d'Élire Abolition of Exactions Closing Protest Apology of Sir Thomas More accepted by the King Obstinate Defence of Fisher The Bill proceeds Execution of the Nun Her last Words The Act of Succession The first Oath of Allegiance Clement gives final Sentence against the King Obscurity of the Pope's Conduct Mission of the Duke of Guise The French Fleet watch the Channel The Commission sits to receive the Oath More and Fisher More before the Commission He refuses to Swear Debate in Council The Government are peremptory Concession not possible Royal Proclamation Circular to the Sheriffs Death of Clement VII. 200 201 204 205 206 208 209 210 211 212 216 218 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 236 CHAPTER VIII. THE IRISH REBELLION. [Pg xi] State of Ireland The Norman Conquest Absentees The Norman Irish Weakness of the English Rule Distribution of the Irish Clans The Irish Reaction Condition of the People English and Irish Estimates Ireland for the Irish Coyne and Livery The Geraldines of Kildare Deputation of Lord Surrey Return of Kildare Foreign Intrigues Desmond intrigues with the Emperor Geraldine Conspiracy Kildare sent to the Tower 237 238 239 241 248 249 251 253 254 255 256 257 261 265 266 267 268 270 The Irish Rise The Duke of Richmond Viceroy Third Deputation to Kildare Ireland in its Ideal State New Aspects of Irish Rebellion Ireland and the Papacy Kildare is sent to the Tower Desmond and the Emperor Corny O'Brien The Holy War of the Geraldines General Rebellion Siege of Dublin Murder of Archbishop Allen Fitzgerald writes to the Pope Dublin saved by the Earl of Ormond A Truce agreed to Delay of the English Deputy Ormond again saves Dublin The Deputy sails from Beaumaris Mismanagement of Skeffington Delay and Incapacity Burning of Trim and Dunboyne Skeffington will not move General Despondency Disorganization of the English Army The Campaign opens Siege of Maynooth Storming of the Castle The Pardon of Maynooth The Rebellion collapses Lord Leonard Grey Fitzgerald surrenders Dilemma of the Government Execution of Fitzgerald End of the Rebellion 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 CHAPTER IX. THE CATHOLIC MARTYRS. [Pg xii] State of England in 1534 Temper of the Clergy Order for Preaching Secret Disaffection among the Clergy The Confessional Treasonable Intrigues Catholic Treasons Persecuting Laws against the Catholics The Act of Supremacy The Oath of Allegiance 307 308 310 312 313 317 318 319 322 326 Election of Paul the Third Anxiety of the Emperor Proposals for a Catholic Coalition Counter-Overtures of Francis to Henry Attitude of Henry Distrust of France England and the Papacy The Penal Laws The Battle of the Faiths The Charterhouse Monks The Anabaptist Martyrs Fisher and More Fisher named Cardinal The Pope condescends to Falsehood Fisher Tried and Sentenced Execution of Fisher Sir Thomas More Effect upon Europe Letter to Cassalis Reply of the Pope Bull of Deposition Intrigues of Francis in Germany England and Germany 328 330 331 332 333 335 336 337 338 339 357 359 364 365 366 367 368 377 382 385 386 388 390 CHAPTER X. THE VISITATION OF THE MONASTERIES. [Pg xiii] Visitation of the Monasteries The Abbey of St. Albans Commission of 1535 The Visitors at Oxford Progress of the Visitors Visit to Langden Abbey Fountains Abbey The Monks at Fordham The Monks of Pershore Rules to be observed in all Abbeys The Black Book in Parliament Discussion in Parliament Conflicting Opinions Smaller Houses suppressed The Protestant Bishops State of London The Vagrant Act Remission of Firstfruits Dissolution of Parliament The Work accomplished by Parliament 396 402 407 409 413 415 417 419 421 423 427 429 431 433 435 437 439 440 441 442 CHAPTER XI. TRIAL AND DEATH OF ANNE BOLEYN. [Pg xiv] Death of Queen Catherine Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn committed to the Tower The Tower Cranmer's Letter to the King Cranmer's Postscript Preparations for the Trial True Bills found by the Grand Juries The Indictment The Trials The opposite Probabilities Execution of the five Gentlemen The Divorce The Execution The Succession The King's Third Marriage Opinions of Foreign Courts Meeting of Parliament Speech of the Lord Chancellor Second Act of Succession 443 446 454 457 459 461 468 469 470 476 480 483 484 486 488 490 491 492 493 495 CHAPTER VI. THE PROTESTANTS. [Pg 15] WHERE changes are about to take place of great and enduring moment, a kind of prologue, on a small scale, sometimes anticipates the true opening of the drama; like the first drops which give notice of the coming storm, or as if the shadows of the reality were projected forwards into the future, and imitated in dumb show the movements of the real actors in the story. Such a rehearsal of the English Reformation was witnessed at the close of the fourteenth century, confused, imperfect, disproportioned, to outward appearance barren of results; yet containing a representative of each one of the mixed forces by which that great change was ultimately effected, and foreshadowing even something of the course which it was to run. Prelude to the Reformation in the fourteenth century. There was a quarrel with the pope upon the extent of the papal privileges; there were disputes between the laity and the clergy,—accompanied, as if involuntarily, by attacks on the sacramental system and the Catholic faith, —while innovation in doctrine was accompanied also with the tendency which characterized the extreme development of the later Protestants —towards political republicanism, the fifth monarchy, and community of goods. Some account of this movement must be given in this place, [Pg 16] although it can be but a sketch only. "Lollardry"[1] has a history of its own; but it forms no proper part of the history of the Reformation. It was a The Lollards forerunners, not fathers, of the separate phenomenon, provoked by the same causes which produced their true fruit