Cultural landscape changing due to anthropogenic influences on surface water and threats to mangrove wetland ecosystems [Elektronische Ressource] : a case study on the Sundarbans, Bangladesh / by Shafi Noor Islam

Shafi

Sujets

• Social work
• Biologie

Informations

• Publié par: brandenburgische_technische_universitat_cottbus
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 75
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

Brandenburg University of Technology at Cottbus
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process Engineering
Department of Ecosystems and Environmental Informatics
International Study Course Environmental and Resource Management


Title of the PhD Thesis



Cultural Landscape Changing due to
Anthropogenic Influences on Surface
Water and Threats to Mangrove Wetland
Ecosystems: A Case Study on the
Sundarbans, Bangladesh

A thesis approved by the Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process
Engineering at the Brandenburg University of Technology at Cottbus in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the academic degree of Doctor of
Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Environmental and Resource Management.



By
B.Sc. (Honours), M.Sc., M.A.
Md. Shafi Noor Islam




From Jamalpur, Bangladesh





Supervisor : Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Albrecht Gnauck
Supervisor : Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Hans-Jürgen Voigt

Date of the oral examination: 25th June 2008 Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus
Fakultät für Umweltwissenschaften und Verfahrenstechnik
Lehrstuhl für Ökosysteme und Umweltinformatik
Internationale Studiengang Umwelt-und Ressourcen Management



Titel der Dissertation


Veränderung einer Kulturlandschaft
infolge anthropogener Einflüsse auf
Oberflächengewässer und Bedrohung
von Mangrovenökosystemen am Beispiel
der Sundarbans, Bangladesch

Von der Fakultät für Umweltwissenschaften und Verfahrenstechnik der
Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus zur Erlangung des
akademischen Grades eines Doktor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
genehmigte Dissertation.



Von

B.Sc. (Honours), M.Sc., M.A.
Md. Shafi Noor Islam



Aus Jamalpur, Bangladesch



Gutachter : Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Albrecht Gnauck
Gutachter : Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Hans-Jürgen Voigt


Tag der mündlichen Prüfung : 25th June 2008
iiBrandenburg University of Technology at Cottbus
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process Engineering
Department of Ecosystems and Environmental Informatics
International Study Course Environmental and Resource Management







Declaration


I, Shafi Noor Islam, hereby declare that this thesis has been written independently. It
has not been published anywhere before. Where materials of other authors were used
as, due reference and acknowledgement has been stated properly.









.........................................
th Md. Shafi Noor Islam Cottbus, 30 November 2007














iiiAcknowledgements

A Doctorate research endeavour is always accomplished with the assistance of many experts,
so any attempt to acknowledge them by name who rendered services is impossible and for
this I am sorry and ask for their understanding. It is my ardent task to record my debt to my
supervisors Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Albrecht Gnauck, Chair of Ecosystems and
Environmental Informatics and Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. Hans-Jürgen Voigt, Chair of ental Geology, Brandenburg University of Technology at Cottbus, Germany. I must
acknowledge in stimulating my ideas in different ways and remain obliged for the energetic
care with which they have gone over the manuscript of my research and for improving and
clarifying the exposition of the statements.

I got background information from; Mangrove Ecosystems, Functions and Management by
Lacerda, L.D.D, Springer Verlag, Berlin. The Mangrove of Sundarbans, Volume Two:
Bangladesh by Zakir Hossain and Gaytri Acharia, IUCN, Bangkok. Mangrove Forestry in
Bangladesh by Siddiqi, N.A, University of Chittagong, Surface Water Modelling of
Sundarbans Biodiversity Conservation Project Report 2003 supplied by IWM-Dhaka, with
important technical-hydrological terms, informations, definitions and data to these books
which I used very openly in my dissertation, I acknowledge my debt. Beside these Soil
Resource Development Institute-SRDI, Bangladesh Centre for Advance Studies, CEGIS-
Dhaka, Forest Department, Department of Environment and Forestry, Centre for Integrated
Rural Development Programme for Asia and the Pacific-CIRDAP, Rupantar, CDS, BARCIK
the national NGOs in Bangladesh they supplied me a lot of information and reference reports.

I am grateful to Professor Dr. Maudood Elahi, Professor Mesbah-Us-Saleheen, Department of
Geography and Environment, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka. Professor Dr.A.H.M.A.
Baqee University of Dhaka, Professor Dr.A.K.M. Kalam University of Waterloo Canada, Dr.
Nieaz Ahmed Siddiqi and Dr. Luthfe Alam of Bangladesh Forest Research Institute
Chittagong, Amirul Islam and Abdur Rahman of Institute of Water Modelling (IWM) Dhaka,
Dr. Hero Heering Consultant of IPAWAM Bangladesh, Dr. Beth Middleton, Secretary
General of Society of Wetlands Scientists, USGS, USA.

I acknowledge the assistance of the professors and staff of BTU Cottbus, Germany especially
to Professor Dr. Michael Schmidt-Head of ERM- PhD programme, Professor Dr. Gerhard
Wiegleb and Professor Dr. Marie-Theres Albert of World Heritage Studies, Ms. Kathryn
Prouty M.A, Beata Körner M.A, and Dipl.-Ing. R. Schuhr of International Office, Dipl.-
Geogr. Ralph Heinrich, Dipl.-Ing. Harmut Nemitz and Katya Rösch, Dept. of Ecosystems and
Environmental Informatics, Bernadett Hoppe Co-ordinator of ERM PhD programme and my
colleagues and friends specially Jean Duclos Alegue Feugo (Cameroon), Irene Sachs, Nicole
Link(Germany), Raynah Burke (Panama), Wie Shouke (China), Delphine Oliver, Anne
Bousquet (France), Iana Debora (Brazil), Alena Kiptsevich (Belarus), Agnieszka Bukowska,
Agnieszka Plwowarczyk, Aneta Grabanska, Marta Janeczko, Magdalina Pybaczewska,
Margaret Frackowiak (Poland), Pierre Burtin (Sweden), Virginia Appendino (Argentina),
Tijani, Frank, Seth, Francis, Effah (Ghana), Masgidi (UAE), Badre Ichrak (Morocco), Collins
(Nigeria) and Engel Berth Soto (Mexico). My sincere thanks to Bangladeshi students in
Germany like Rumana, Sharif, Lipon and others from different parts in Europe, USA and
Canada those always encouraged me to finish my Doctorate dissertation in time.

I am very grateful to my mother, brothers, sisters and relatives for their constant support and
encouragement during my studies and research at Brandenburg University of Technology at
Cottbus, Germany.

thMd. Shafi Noor Islam 30 November ’07 Cottbus, Germany
ivTable of Contents


Declaration .........................................................................................................................iii
Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................iv
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................v
Abstract.............................................................................................................................viii
Zusammenfassung...............................................................................................................ix
List of Figures .................................................................................................................... xi
List of Tables xiii
List of Abbreviations and Units ...................................................................................... xiv

Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 General background....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Problems identification and data materials.................................................................... 4
1.3 Objectives of the study and organisation of the thesis .................................................. 9

Chapter 2 Cultural Landscapes and Mangrove Wetlands in the Tropical
Zone 12
2.1 The concept of cultural landscapes and understanding of wetlands............................ 12
2.2 Mangrove origin, diversification and distribution in the world. ................................. 14
2.3 The challenge of cultural landscapes and mangrove wetland ecosystems.................. 19
2.3.1 Socio-economic and cultural aspects of wetlands and cultural landscapes ....... 21
2.3.2 Benefits of mangrove ecosystems management................................................. 22
2.4 Ecology and biological settings of mangrove forest ecosystems ............................... 23
2.