Identification and mapping of resistance genes against soil-borne viruses in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) [Elektronische Ressource] / submitted by Katrin Humbroich

Informations

• Publié par: justus-liebig-universitat_giessen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 11
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Institute of Crop Science & Plant Breeding I
Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. W. Friedt





Identification and mapping of resistance genes
against soil-borne viruses in
barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)




Inaugural Dissertation for the Achievement of the Degree
‘Doktor der Agrarwissenschaften’
at the Faculty of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Home Economics and
Environmental Management

Justus-Liebig-University Gießen






Submitted by
Katrin Humbroich
from Nidda



Gießen, July 2007

























Board of Examiners

Chairman of the Committee Prof. Dr. Steffen Hoy
1. Referee Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Wolfgang Friedt
2. Referee Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Köhler
Examiner Dr. Sylvia Schnell Richard Marquard

Date of oral examination: 31.08.2007
Table of Contents
Table of Contents

Table of Contents ...................................................................................................... I
List of Figures.......................................................................................................... IV
List of Tables ........................................................................................................... VI
List of Abbreviations.............................................................................................. VII
1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 1
2 Literature survey ................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Soil-borne viruses of cereals............................................................................. 2
2.1.1 The Barley yellow mosaic virus complex...................................................... 2
2.1.2 Soil-borne cereal modisease........................................................ 5
2.1.3 Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus disease.................................................. 6
2.2 Genetics of resistance....................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus Complex........................................................... 7
2.2.2 Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus ................................................................... 10
2.3 Molecular markers .......................................................................................... 12
2.3.1 DNA-based markers................................................................................... 12
2.3.1.1 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) ...................... 12
2.3.1.2 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs)................................ 13
2.3.1.3 Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) ........................ 13
2.3.1.4 Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs).................................................... 14
2.3.1.5 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) ......................................... 15
2.4 Application of molecular markers in plant breeding 17
2.4.1 Genetic linkage maps................................................................................. 17
2.4.2 Genetic diversity......................................................................................... 20
3 Material and Methods.......................................................................................... 23
3.1 Plant Material .................................................................................................. 23
3.1.1 Identification of new resistance resources of barley against the barley yellow
mosaic virus complex ....................................................................................... 23
3.1.2 Mapping populations used for the development of new PCR-based DNA
markers for resistance genes against BaMMV, BaYMV-1 and BaYMV-2......... 25
3.1.2.1 Mapping population 1 (MAP 1)........................................................... 25
3.1.2.2 Malation 2 (MAP 2)........................................................... 25
3.1.2.3 Mapping population 3 (MAP 3)........................................................... 25
ITable of Contents
3.1.2.4 Mapping population 4 (MAP 4)........................................................... 25
3.1.2.5 Malation 5 (MAP 5)........................................................... 25
3.1.2.6. Mapping population 6 (MAP 6).......................................................... 26
3.1.2.7. Mapping population 7 (MAP 7) 26
3.1.3 Wheat cultivars used for fingerprinting and studies on genetic diversity .... 26
3.2 Evaluation of virus resistance ......................................................................... 27
3.3 Molecular analysis .......................................................................................... 28
3.3.1 DNA extraction and measurement of DNA concentrations......................... 28
3.3.2 RAPD-analysis ........................................................................................... 30
3.3.3 Microsatellite-analysis ................................................................................ 32
3.3.4 AFLP-analysis ............................................................................................ 35
3.4 Bulked segregant analysis (BSA).................................................................... 38
3.5 Data analysis .................................................................................................. 39
3.5.1 Genetic mapping of BaMMV/BaYMV resistance loci.................................. 39
3.5.2 Estimation of genetic diversity and genetic relatedness............................. 39
4 Results.................................................................................................................. 41
4.1 Screening of germplasms for the presence of rym4/rym5............................... 41
4.2 Identification and mapping of BaMMV resistance genes in different DH-
populations............................................................................................................ 43
4.2.1 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Cebada’ (MAP 1) .................................... 43
4.2.2 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Shimane Omugi’ (MAP 2) ....................... 43
4.2.3 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘CI 3517’ (MAP 3) 45
4.2.4 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Belts 1823’ (MAP 4)................................ 47
4.2.5 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Chikurin Ibaraki 1’ (MAP 5)..................... 47
4.2.6 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Taihoku A’ (MAP 6)................................. 49
4.2.7 Mapping the resistance gene of ‘Muju covered 2’ (MAP 7) ........................ 51
4.3 Estimation of genetic relatedness of wheat cultivars and breeding lines......... 51
5 Discussion ........................................................................................................... 57
5.1 Identification of new resistance donors against barley yellow mosaic virus
disease ............................................................................................................. 57
5.2 Mapping of new resistance genes against Barley yellow mosaic virus ........... 58
5.2.1 Mapping resistance genes on chromosome 4H ......................................... 59
5.2.2 Mapping resistance some 6H 63
5.3 Application of doubled haploids and molecular markers in plant breeding...... 66
II Table of Contents
5.4 Wheat genetic diversity................................................................................... 68
6 Summary .............................................................................................................. 72
7 Zusammenfassung.............................................................................................. 74
8 References ........................................................................................................... 79
9 Appendix 97

















IIIList of Figures
List of Figures

Figure 1: Results of screening 120 exotic barley accessions for the presence of
rym4/rym5 by the SSR marker Bmac0029 (banding pattern of selected
varieties)....................................................................................................41
Figure 2: Results of screening ‘Cebada’ for the presence of rym4/rym5 by the SSR
marker Bmac0029. ....................................................................................43
Figure 3: Partial map of chromosome 6H including the BaMMV-resistance of
‘Shimane Omugi’ ...................................................................................... 44
Figure 4: Partial map of barley chromosome 4H including the BaMMV resistance of
´CI 3517´ .................................................................................................. 46
Figure 5: Partial map of chromosome 6H including the resistance locus rym15 of
‘Chikurin Ibaraki 1’.................................................................................... 48