IIHS Status Report

Description

StatusInstitRuteeport Insurance Institute for Highway SafetyHighway Loss Data | Saving Ilmprioved vvehices le designs bring down death rates ALSO IN THIS ISSUE Vol. 50, No. 1 January 29, 2015 Death rates by make and model C rashes around football stadiums go up when the home team loses he chances of dying in a crash in a late-model vehicle have fallen by latTest IIHS calculations of driver death more than a third in three years, the rates show. Among 2011 models, a record nine vehicles have driver death rates of zero. However, the gap between the safest and riskiest models remains wide, and three cars have death rates exceeding 100 per million registered vehicle years. Improved vehicle designs and safety technology have a lot to do with the continuing decline in fatality risk. In a related study, Institute researchers estimated how much of the decline was due to changes in the vehicle leet during 1985-2012. hey found that vehicle changes — including improved structural designs, the addition of safety features and an evolving mix of vehicle types — were the main source of declining risk from 1993 through 2006. hese changes continued to contribute to later declines as well, though other factors such as the weak economy also appear to have played a role. A firefighter uses an extrication tool at the Vehicle Research Center during a First Responders Emergency Extrication event.

Informations

• Publié par: D_Hebert
• Publié le: 05 janvier 2016
• Nombre de lectures: 73 418
• Langue: English

Extrait

Status Instit R ute eport Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Highway Loss Data | Saving I l mpr i oved v v ehic es le designs bring down death rates

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE Vol. 50, No. 1 January 29, 2015

4 Death rates by make and model 4 Crashes around football stadiums go up when the home team loses

e cances o dyîng în a cras în a ae-mode veîce ave aen by a T es ïïHS cacuaîons o drîver dea more an a îrd în ree years, e raes sow. Among 2011 modes, a record nîne veîces ave drîver dea raes o zero. However, e gap beween e saes and rîskîes modes remaîns wîde, and ree cars ave dea raes exceedîng 100 per mîîon regîsered veîce years. ïmproved veîce desîgns and saey ec- noogy ave a o o do wî e conînuîng decîne în aaîy rîsk. ïn a reaed sudy, ïn- sîue researcers esîmaed ow muc o e decîne was due o canges în e ve- îce lee durîng 1985-2012. hey ound a veîce canges — încudîng împroved srucura desîgns, e addîîon o saey ea- ures and an evovîng mîx o veîce ypes — were e maîn source o decînîng rîsk rom 1993 roug 2006. hese canges conînued o conrîbue o aer decînes as we, oug oer acors suc as e weak economy aso appear o ave payed a roe.

A firefighter uses an extrication tool at the Vehicle Research Center during a First Re sponders Emergency Extrication event. Fire departments from the MidAtlantic region tested Holmatro gear on latemodel cars pro vided by State Farm.

here were 7,700 ewer drîver deas în 2012 aone an ere woud ave been ad veîces remaîned e same sînce 1985.

2 Status Report — Vol. 50, No. 1 |

he aes dea raes by make and mode conIrm e rapîd pace o împrovemen. Among 2011 modes, ere were 28 drîver deas per mîîon regîsered veîce years roug e 2012 caendar year, down rom 48 or 2008 modes roug 2009 (see Status Report, June 9, 2011, a îîs.org). A regîsered veîce year îs one veîce regîs- ered or one year. “hîs îs a uge împrovemen în jus ree years, even consîderîng e economy’s în- luence,” says Davîd Zuby, ïïHS execuîve vîce presîden and cîe researc oicer. “We know rom our veîce raîngs pro- gram a cras es perormance as been geîng seadîy beer. hese aes dea raes provîde new conIrmaîon a rea- word oucomes are împrovîng, oo.” Aoug e numbers relec 2011 modes, daa rom earîer mode-year veî- ces as ar back as 2008 are încuded î e veîces weren’ subsanîay redesîgned beore 2011. ïncudîng oder, equîvaen veîces încreases e exposure and us e accuracy o e resus. To be încuded, a veîce mus ave ad a eas 100,000 regîsered veîce years o exposure durîng 2009-12 or a eas 20 deas. ïïHS as pubîsed dea raes by make and mode perîodîcay sînce 1989, a Irs or cars ony and aer or a passenger veî- ces (seeStatus Report, Nov. 25, 1989). he raes încude ony drîver deas because e presence o passengers îs unknown. Faaîy couns are aken rom e edera Faaîy Anaysîs Reporîng Sysem. Regîsraîon daa are rom R.L. Pok & Co. he raes are adjused or drîver age and gender, bu no a e demograpîc acors a can înluence resus are accouned or. Four years ago wen ïïHS reeased dea raes or 2008 modes, researcers ound a ey needed o încude an ad- jusmen or caendar year în order o ac- coun or e efecs o e recessîon. For îs reason, researcers deveoped anoer mode a încuded e caendar year ad- jusmen, as we as adjusmens or veî- ce age and veîce densîy a e garagîng ocaîon, în addîîon o drîver age and gender. ha more-compex mode worked we a e îme, bu wen researcers used î o cacuae e 2011 dea raes, e resus were unsabe. Sînce e U.S. economy dîdn’ see suc arge lucua- îons durîng e new îme perîod, » page 6

Driver death rates by vehicle style and size 2011 and equivalent earlier models, 200912 MV SV 22 16 71 44 28 22 19 10 21 14 15 9 33 22 42 27 32 8 0 37 0 0 19 32 15 51 5 10 13 12 8 1 35 3 25 16 4 3 17 5 9 9 11 11 7 9 3 4 10 7 20 11 7 9 8 7 15 15 5 4 2 12 9 8 7 8 15 14 14 18 14 15 15 24 18 10 15 11

CARS 4DOOR 2DOOR SPORTS LUXURY STATION WAGONS MINIVANS SUVs 4WHEEL DRIVE 2WHEEL DRIVE 4WHEEL DRIVE LUXURY 2WHEEL DRIVE LUXURY PICKUPS 4WHEEL DRIVE 2WHEEL DRIVE

Overall 38 mini 115 51 29 34 24 54 71 43 37 0 50 67 14 26 10 37 41 7 23 18 22 16 8 18 32 17 15 31 10 13 17 15 29 32 29 39 29 26

small midsize large very large mini small midsize large small midsize large midsize large very large mini small midsize small midsize large very large small midsize large very large midsize large very large midsize small large very large small large

SV roll 6 13 11 4 3 0 8 12 3 22 0 16 22 5 3 0 3 7 2 2 4 3 4 2 4 4 4 4 6 1 8 0 3

5 6 6 14 5 2

KEY: overall:driver deaths per million registered vehicle years mv:driver death rate in multiplevehicle crashes sv:driver death rate in singlevehicle crashes of all types sv roll:driver death rate in singlevehicle rollovers (subset of sv)

midsize

midsize

5

SUV

midsize

large

Chevrolet Camaro coupe

Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Crew 4WD

Hyundai Accent

very large

0

0

midsize

4

4

luxury SUV

Toyota Highlander hybrid 4WD

Mazda CX9 4WD

SUV

Ford Expedition 4WD

SUV

KEY: overall:driver deaths per million registered vehicle years mv:driver death rate in multiplevehicle crashes sv:driver death rate in singlevehicle crashes of all types sv roll:driver death rate in singlevehicle rollovers (subset of sv) 2WD:|2wheel drive 4WD:4wheel drive

January 29, 2015 3 |

0

5

5

5

0

midsize

40

0

SUV

Mazda 6

Chevrolet Suburban 1500 2WD

Jeep Patriot 2WD

large

0

0

5

4door car

61

80

79

99

86

small

0

0

4door car

small

very large

120

Nissan Versa sedan

130

21

8

midsize

small

SUV

50

40

87

51

51

7

17

3

34

44

MercedesBenz MClass 4WD

midsize

4door car

57

57

54

34

58

60

9

25

36

17

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

4door car

sports car

Ford Focus

2door car

SUV

very large

29

55

46

37

small

very large

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

mini

0

2

0

0

0

5

large

midsize

0

0

0

0

midsize

6

38

13

33

29

5

2

5

3

20

5

0

0

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

4

5

midsize

midsize

large

mini

mini

mini

SUV

Ford Flex 2WD

5

4

large

5

midsize

0

midsize

3

3

0

149

mini

Models with the highest and lowest rates of driver deaths Lowest rates of driver deaths Highest rates of driver deaths Fewer than 6 driver deaths per million registered vehicle More than 46 driver deaths per million registered vehicle years, 2011 and equivalent earlier models, 200912rollSV SV Overall MV years, 2011 and equivalent earlier models, 200912SV SV rollOverall MV

0

SUV

SUV

0

luxury SUV

Mercury Grand Marquis

small

70

small

76

small

71

66

midsize

small

0

large

0

0

midsize

2

4door car

station wagon

Kia Rio

Chevrolet Aveo

Chevrolet Aveo

Hyundai Accent

Honda Civic

49

28

4door car

minivan

Dodge Nitro 2WD

4door car

SUV

luxury SUV

luxury SUV

Honda Odyssey

luxury car

Kia Sorento 2WD

Lexus RX 350 4WD

Subaru Legacy 4WD

Audi A4 4WD

MercedesBenz GLClass 4WD

Chevrolet Equinox 4WD

Chevrolet Equinox 2WD

Acura TL 2WD

GMC Yukon 4WD

SUV

SUV

luxury car

Ford Crown Victoria

10

96

15

54

SUV

4door car

3

9

0

0

20

44

48

16

43

53

60

65

25

19

31

65

0

9

31

28

33

25

58

Volvo XC90 4WD

Toyota Sequoia 4WD

Honda Pilot 4WD

4door car

pickup

station wagon

station wagon

2door car

Nissan Cube

Honda Civic

4door car

4door car

Chevrolet HHR

Nissan Versa hatchback

0

18

0

201011

298,350

KEY: overall:all crash types; numbers in parentheses are 95 percent confidence bounds mv:driver deaths in multiplevehicle crashes sv:driver deaths in singlevehicle crashes sv roll:driver deaths in singlevehicle rollovers (subset of sv) 2WD:|2wheel drive 4WD:4wheel drive

200911 200911 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811

120,394 139,458 208,643 322,057 573,619 171,409 368,751 220,052 120,537 145,678

104,017

535,147

200811

200811

110,210

105,060

0

200911

0

200811

200911 200811 200811

385,871

170,586 106,146 227,164

201011

65 65 96

21 (048) 36 (468) 86 (42131)

99 (55143) 120 (69171) 149 (94204)

These rates are for 2011 models, but results are included for earlier model years as far back as 2008 if the vehicle wasn’t substantially redesigned during that time. A change in electronic stability control from not available or optional to standard is treated as a redesign. Exposure is the number of registered vehicle years. A registered vehicle year is one vehicle registered for one year. Rates are adjusted for driver age and gender. Information on deaths is from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Data on vehicle registrations comes from R.L. Polk & Co.

18 (055)

58 (17100) 58

Death rates by makeandmodel Driver deaths per million registered vehicle years

0 25

0 0

4 Status Report — Vol. 50, No. 1 |

16 32 42 46 49 70 71 130

(528) (1944) (480) (982) (3861) (39101) (4596) (75185)

200911 200911

Model years 200811

201011 200911 200911 200811 2011 200911 200811 201011 2011 201011 200911 201011 200911

4 6 0 4 8 5 20 51

9 18 35 31 28 55 37 44

7 15 4 12 21 13 33 87

(47105) 76 46

(1668) 42 37

25

14

29

29 (059)

0

(48113) 80 19

0 0 0 2 0 2 3 10 3 4 6 3 3

0 0 8 7 0 10 10 14 25 12 16 7 17

4 33

10 27 22 21

0 7 0 12 20 18 19 19 11 22 26 35 34

0 7 8 19 20 28 29 32 34 35 41 44 54

20 (040) (1556) 35 37 (965) (780) 43

4 (012) (1995) 57

6 32

(031) (016) (018) (015) (216) (042) (120) (037) (068) (1272)

ALL PASSENGER VEHICLES 4DOOR CARS mini Chevrolet Aveo Hyundai Accent Kia Rio small Toyota Prius hybrid Toyota Corolla Chevrolet Cruze Kia Forte Honda Civic Ford Focus Nissan Versa hatchback Nissan Versa sedan midsize Subaru Legacy 4WD Acura TSX Volkswagen CC Honda Accord Volkswagen Jetta Nissan Maxima Toyota Camry hybrid Ford Fusion 2WD Hyundai Sonata Toyota Camry Chevrolet Malibu Nissan Altima Mazda 6 large Ford Taurus 2WD Chevrolet Impala Toyota Avalon Buick Lacrosse 2WD very large Ford Crown Victoria Mercury Grand Marquis 2DOOR CARS mini Mini Cooper Smart Fortwo coupe Hyundai Accent small Honda Civic midsize Honda Accord large Dodge Challenger SPORTS CARS large Chevrolet Camaro coupe LUXURY CARS midsize Audi A4 4WD Acura TL 2WD MercedesBenz CClass 4WD BMW 328i sedan Lexus ES 350 BMW 328xi sedan MercedesBenz CClass 2WD Lexus IS 250 2WD Lexus IS 250 4WD Infiniti G37 coupe 2WD large Cadillac CTS sedan 2WD Cadillac DTS very large Lexus LS 460 2WD STATION WAGONS mini Chevrolet Aveo

0 5 7 7 9 16 10 16 30 42

0 0 7 2 6 16 6 11 30 31

0 5 0 5 3 0 4 7 0 11

16 15

5 6

0 0 0 2 1 0 2 10 6 21

21 (043) 46 (2269)

201011 201011 200911 201011

154,873 468,830 145,206 153,002

(032) (017) (023) (1324) (044) (1243) (1146) (1747) (959) (2348) (2656) (2366) (1493)

116,291 216,674 101,114 2,758,908 112,225 357,008 294,261 641,184 280,780 1,026,466 1,042,795 537,497 222,880

193,425 120,360

622,139 1,114,543 171,570 190,081 1,954,222 410,771 556,730 276,648

201011 201011 2011 201011 200811 201011 200811 200811

Death rates Overall MV SV 28 (2730) 16 12

10 16 15

31 53 54

SV roll 5

296,315 273,617 258,137

200811 200811 200811

Exposure 62,932,462

29

10

0 7 48

0

2

21 30 43

0 0 20

200911 200811

143,135 250,591

60

0 2 5 0

10 8 15 25

170,820 127,130

200811 200811

7 0

5

10

13 0

318,178 122,927 227,007

January 29, 2015 5 |

200911 200811 201011

2WD Honda Ridgeline 4WD Toyota Tundra Double short bed 4WD Dodge Ram 1500 Crew short bed 2WD Toyota Tundra Double short bed 2WD Ford F150 Crew 2WD Toyota Tundra Crew Max 4WD Ford F150 Super 2WD Ford F150 Crew 4WD Dodge Ram 1500 Crew short bed 4WD Dodge Ram 1500 Quad 2WD Ford F150 Regular 2WD Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Ext 4WD Ford F150 Super 4WD Toyota Tundra Crew Max 2WD Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Crew 4WD

GMC Yukon 2WD Nissan Armada 2WD Buick Enclave 2WD Chevrolet Traverse 2WD GMC Acadia 4WD Buick Enclave 4WD Chevrolet Tahoe 4WD Chevrolet Traverse 4WD GMC Acadia 2WD Chevrolet Tahoe 2WD Ford Expedition 2WD very large GMC Yukon XL 1500 4WD Chevrolet Avalanche 1500 2WD Chevrolet Suburban 1500 4WD Chevrolet Avalanche 1500 4WD Chevrolet Suburban 1500 2WD LUXURY SUVs midsize Lexus RX 350 4WD Volvo XC90 4WD MercedesBenz MClass 4WD Lexus RX 350 2WD Acura MDX 4WD Acura RDX 4WD Lincoln MKX 4WD BMW X5 4WD Lincoln MKX 2WD large MercedesBenz GLClass 4WD Land Rover Range Rover Sport 4WD Cadillac Escalade 4WD PICKUPS small Toyota Tacoma Double short bed 2WD Toyota Tacoma Double short bed 4WD Toyota Tacoma Xtra 4WD Toyota Tacoma Xtra 2WD large Dodge Ram 1500 Quad 4WD

SV roll

Model years

(073) 37

Death rates Overall MV SV 7 (020) 0 7 7 (021) 0 7 8 5 2 (016) 8 (017) 3 5 8 (018) 3 5 10 (029) 0 10 (118) 10 6 4 11 (024) 4 7 15 11 4 (129) 18 (630) 8 10 36 (368) 30 5

0 (022) 6 (018)

(025) 13 (427) 15

19 (631) 20 (046) 24 (444) 27 (134 0) (750) 28

2011 200811 200911 201011 201011 200911 200811 2011 200811 200911 200811 200811 200811 200911 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200911 200911 200911 200911 200811 201011 200811 200811

18 (432)

18 (039)

100,518 221,446 1,109,920 1,061,095 148,898

264,109 124,544

0 0 0

0 4 0

(020) (033) (010) (018) (024) (028) (030) (031) (043)

9 (023) 15 ( 036) 17 (034) (553) 29 60 (13107)

0 0 3 6 12 12 12 14 20

110,430 208,828 153,460

Exposure

200811 200811 200811 200811 200811

163,541 101,293 299,625 156,690 166,891

26

0 0

0 6

0 0

6

33

185,420 127,150

200911 201011

150,514

112,892 100,884

200911 200911

139,354

200811

Chevrolet Silverado 1500 Crew

125,958

244,108 352,117

200811

290,908

26 6 36

(044) 20 28 ( 071)

(041) 20

Exposure 116,869 111,238 300,006 296,227 271,691 213,503 401,018 206,139 391,239 386,837 165,001

3

0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 12 6 6 4 0 4 0 5 4 2 7 7 4 0 0 23 0 14 40

0 8

5

6

0 2

12

17 27 14

0 0 4

114,776 200,988 123,098 1,249,370 759,316 931,863 548,808 513,731 541,561 378,918 384,876 561,569 299,848 248,487

185,441 111,610 236,380 126,252 423,632 130,291 122,868 262,354 114,683

201011 200811 200811 201011 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811

200911 200811 200911 200911 200911

133,799 171,870 206,052

200911 200911 201011

371,109 176,959 191,480 719,382 188,367

SV roll 0 7 3 3 3 10 2 0 4 4 5

(049) 19

200911

145,733

8 (020) 12 (029)

6 18 8 12 12

0 4 0 6 4

14

13 5 17 15 17

13 7

6

12 5 20

0 7 2 29 28

0 7 0 19 9

9 8 14 0 31

0 0 0 0 2 0 0 8 7

0 0 0 0 5 12 0 9 6

0 0 3 6 6 0 12 6 14

Model years 200811 200811 200811 200911 200811 200811 200811 200911 200811 200811 200811

111,102 392,533 238,659 574,523 397,838 131,761

200811 200811 200811

29 (354) 30 (059) 36 (864)

0 0 0 3 5 0 0 7 5 0 0 0 5 7 4 14 11 5 7 11 5 5 25 16 6 29 17 7

0 0 2 2 0 5 5 0 2 11 12 12 9 6 10 0 5 13 14 10 18 18 0 19 31 6 24 50

(037) 0 (037) 16 (1535) 25 (1539) 27 (066) 27

6 (014) 6 (018)

0 6

0 16 16 22 12

0 7 6 8 3 16 1 14 10 24 8 25 12 9

7 4 7 9 15 4 18 12 16 11 28 12 28 44

0 4 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 12 4 10 5 3

0 (033) (011) 4 5) 5 (01

0 0 5

0 4 0 12 9 6

0 11 3 20 25 29

200911 200811 201011 200811 200911 200911

25 20 30 19 34 38

200911

11

7 28

0 6

8 6

0

0

19

200911

4 6

200811 200811

7 0 17

13 34 40

small Subaru Impreza 4WD Scion xB Kia Soul Dodge Caliber 2WD Chevrolet HHR Nissan Cube midsize Subaru Outback 4WD Volkswagen Jetta MINIVANS very large Honda Odyssey Kia Sedona Chrysler Town & Country Dodge Grand Caravan Toyota Sienna 2WD SUVs small Jeep Compass 2WD Jeep Patriot 4WD Honda Element 4WD Honda CRV 4WD Honda CRV 2WD Toyota RAV4 4WD Subaru Forester 4WD Nissan Rogue 4WD Ford Escape 2WD Jeep Wrangler 2door 4WD Ford Escape 4WD Toyota RAV4 2WD Nissan Rogue 2WD Jeep Patriot 2WD midsize Kia Sorento 2WD Toyota Highlander hybrid 4WD Honda Pilot 4WD Chevrolet Equinox 2WD Chevrolet Equinox 4WD Ford Flex 2WD Mazda CX9 4WD Jeep Grand Cherokee 4WD Toyota Highlander 2WD Honda Pilot 2WD Hyundai Santa Fe 4WD Mazda CX9 2WD Dodge Nitro 4WD Toyota Venza 4WD Ford Edge 2WD Toyota Highlander 4WD Hyundai Santa Fe 2WD Toyota FJ Cruiser 4WD Jeep Liberty 4WD Jeep Wrangler 4door 4WD Nissan Murano 4WD Toyota Venza 2WD Nissan Murano 2WD Dodge Journey 2WD Jeep Liberty 2WD GMC Terrain 2WD Ford Edge 4WD Dodge Nitro 2WD large Toyota Sequoia 4WD GMC Yukon 4WD Ford Expedition 4WD

39 (1958) 41 (083) (40117) 79

(020) (025) (030) (826) (831) (829) (733) (742) (946) (1552) (1654) (1455) (1667) (2095)

106,363 141,251 344,213 302,463 151,440 151,479 143,907 108,237 387,923 180,017 259,481 126,339 170,978 118,931 625,197 530,715 476,958 170,822 449,619 517,661 298,811 173,444 170,979 326,409 126,600 114,848 356,784 109,765

200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200811 200911 200811 200911 200811 200911 200811 200811 200811

0 0 2 1 15

25 31 32 39 61 66

Death rates Overall MV SV

7 11 12 17 19 19 20 25 27 34 35 35 42 57

0 0 8 4 16

(064) (1647) (1252) (1958) (3091) (14118)

201011 200911

3 0

6 0

2011 200811 200811 200811 2011

0 (035) (026) 0 (07) 2 5 (012) (015) 5 5 (015) 5 (016) (021) 7 7 (018) 11 (034) 12 (024) 12 (029) 13 ( 029) 13 (031) 14 (325) 14 (028) 16 (132) 18 (036) 19 (435) 21 (735) 21 (043) 21 (047) (054) 25 34 (861) 73) 34 (0 38 (080) 41 (1270) 51 (0107)