The role of the human amygdala and insular cortex in emotional processing [Elektronische Ressource] : investigations using functional MRI combined with probabilistic anatomical maps / vorgelegt von Isabella Mutschler

Isabella Mutschler

Sujets

• Psychologie

Informations

• Publié par: eberhard_karls_universitat_tubingen
• Publié le: 01 janvier 2007
• Nombre de lectures: 15
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 1 Mo

Extrait

TheRoleoftheHumanAmygdalaandInsular
CortexinEmotionalProcessing:Investigations
usingFunctionalMRIcombinedwithProbabilistic
AnatomicalMaps




Dissertation
derFakultätfürInformations&undKognitionswissenschaften
derEberhard&Karls&UniversitätTübingen
zurErlangungdesGradeseines
DoktorsderNaturwissenschaften
(Dr.rer.nat.)



vorgelegtvon
Dipl.-Psych. Isabella Mutschler
ausFreiburg





Tübingen
2007




































TagdermündlichenQualifikation:18.07.2007
Dekan: Prof.Dr.MichaelDiehl
1.Berichterstatter: Prof.Dr.MartinHautzinger
2.Berichterstatter: Prof.Dr.NielsBirbaumer
2
1 ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................................. 5
2 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 STUDIESOFEMOTION...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 THEROLEOFTHEAMYGDALAINEMOTIONALPROCESSING ....................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Hypotheses of the functional MRI study................................................................................13
2.2.2 Hypothesis of the meta-analysis of amygdala co-activations........................................14
2.3 FUNCTIONALANATOMYOFTHEINSULARCORTEX........................................................................................ 14
2.3.1 Hypothesis.........................................................................................................................................16
2.4 THEIMPACTOFTHEPERSONALITYTRAIT‘AFFECTINTENSITY’ONEMOTIONALPROCESSING.................. 17
2.4.1 Hypothesis.........................................................................................................................................19
3 MATERIAL AND METHODS OF THE FUNCTIONAL MRI STUDY .......................................................... 21
3.1 SUBJECTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
3.2 STIMULI .......................................................................................................................................................... 21
3.3 EXPERIMENTALDESIGN ................................................................................................................................. 23
3.4 FUNCTIONALANDSTRUCTURALMRI............................................................................................................ 25
3.4.1 Functional MRI and BOLD signal...............................................................................................25
3.4.2 Methodological issues regarding imaging the human amygdala: Signal drop out,
image distortions, draining vein, and spatial resolution.....................................................................26
3.5 FUNCTIONALANDSTRUCTURALIMAGE&ACQUISITION................................................................................. 27
4 PREPROCESSING, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, AND ANATOMICAL ASSIGNMENT ........................... 28
4.1 PREPROCESSING............................................................................................................................................. 29
4.2 GENERALLINEARMODELANDSTATISTICALANALYSIS................................................................................ 30
4.3 STATISTICALANALYSISOFTHEAMYGDALAANDITSSUBREGIONS ............................................................ 31
4.4 STATISTICALANALYSISOFTHEBEHAVIORALDATA..................................................................................... 33
4.5 ANATOMICALASSIGNMENTUSINGPROBABILISTICANATOMICALMAPS ..................................................... 33
5 MATERIAL AND METHODS OF THE META-ANALYSES .......................................................................... 35
5.1 META&ANALYSISOFAMYGDALA&STUDIESUSINGFUNCTIONALIMAGING................................................... 35
5.2 META&ANALYSISOFINSULA&INVESTIGATIONSUSINGFUNCTIONALIMAGING........................................... 35
6 RESULTS................................................................................................................................................................ 37
6.1 BEHAVIOURALRESULTS................................................................................................................................. 37
6.2 BRAINAREASACTIVATEDDURINGTHEEXPOSUREOFPIANOMUSIC ......................................................... 39
6.2.1 Functional MRI results...................................................................................................................42
6.2.2 Can the amygdala-subregions be distinguished by 3 mm isotropic voxels?............49
6.3 BRAINAREASCORRELATINGWITHAFFECTINTENSITY................................................................................ 52
3 6.4 FUNCTIONALDIFFERENTIATIONWITHINTHEHUMANINSULA..................................................................... 55
6.4.1 Meta-analysis of insula-studies using functional imaging...............................................55
6.4.2 Functional MRI results...................................................................................................................60
6.5 META&ANALYSISOFAMYGALA&STUDIESUSINGFUNCTIONALIMAGING ..................................................... 61
7 DISCUSSION.......................................................................................................................................................... 65
7.1 BRAINNETWORKACTIVATEDDURINGLISTENINGTOPIANOMUSIC........................................................... 65
7.1.1 Functional MRI.................................................................................................................................66
7.1.2 Meta-analysis of amygdala-studies..........................................................................................71
7.2 THEINSULARCORTEX.................................................................................................................................... 72
7.3 BRAINACTIVATIONCORRELATINGWITHAFFECTINTENSITY ...................................................................... 75
8 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................................... 78
9 SUPPLEMENT....................................................................................................................................................... 79
10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................... 92
11 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................... 93





















4 1 Abstract

Background: Activation of the human amygdala and the insular cortex has been reported in
manyneuroimagingstudiesthatinvestigatedemotionsanditsunderlyingbrainnetwork.The
human amygdala is thought to play a pivotal role in the processing of emotionally sensory
informationandtheinsularcortexhasbeenproposedasbeinginvolvedindifferentfunctions
includingperipheralautonomicchangeandsomatovisceralperception,whichhasbeenassumed
toplayanimportantroleinemotion.Thereisanatomicalevidencebothfortheamygdalaand
the insular cortex that they are not homogenous structures but are composed of multiple
subregions.Verylittleisknown,however,howthesesubregionsbehavefunctionally.
Methods: (1) In this thesis functional MRI has been combined with cyto&architectonically
defined probabilistic maps to analyze the response characteristics of the amygdala and its
subregions(thelaterobasalgroup=LB,thesuperficialgroup=SF,andthecentromedialgroup
=CM)insubjectsduringtheprocessingofemotionallysignificantauditorystimuli.(2)Insular
cortex subregions were investigated by conducting an activation likelihood estimate (ALE)
meta&analysis mapping coordinates of activation foci obtained from different insula&
neuroimaging studies. (3) In addition, based on a further coordinate&based meta&analysis of
previous neuroimaging studies reporting amygdala&activation a co&activation likelihood
estimationwascarriedoutinordertodelineatethebrainareasconsistentlyco&activatedwith
theamygdala.(4)Finally,theimpactofthedegreetowhichtheindividualsubjectsexperience
the strength of their positive and negative emotions, a personally trait known as affect
intensity, on brain activation patterns was studied using a correlation analysis. Based on
previous studies it was expected that participants with high affect intensity scores activate
more a network o