Pôle Sud - Année 1999 - Volume 10 - Numéro 1 - Pages 10-26This article presents the evolution of cultural policies in Italy since the fascist period. In analysing either the Heritage and Museums domain or the Theatre and visual art sectors, it highlights the relationship between regulation and programming, which are rather centralized, and their effects throughout the territory, in a context marked by the growing role played by bcal and regional autonomies. Nowadays, this perspective is particularly crucial because of a Cultural Ministry reform consisting in agregating all the sectors traditionnally fragmented. Such a reform tends to give a first answer to the demands of federalism. The analyses concerning the actual situation are anything but definitive : the process of transformation is still at the beginning and it is facing a tradition of public intervention in the cultural sector which is very rigid and whose own roots go back to the History. 17 pages Source : Persée ; Ministère de la jeunesse, de l’éducation nationale et de la recherche, Direction de l’enseignement supérieur, Sous-direction des bibliothèques et de la documentation.