Water Diplomacy in Action

Description

A synthesis of theoretical and practical aspects of water diplomacy framework to resolve complex water problems

Today we face an incredibly complex array of interconnected water issues that cross multiple boundaries: Is water a property or a human right? How do we prioritize between economic utility and environmental sustainability? Do fish have more rights to water than irrigated grain? Can we reconcile competing cultural and religious values associated with water? How much water do people actually need? These questions share two key defining characteristics: (a) competing values, interests and information to frame the problem; and (b) differing views - of how to resolve a problem - are related more to uncertainty and ambiguity of perception than accuracy of scientific information.

These problems - known as complex problems - are ill-defined, ambiguous, and often associated with strong moral, political and professional values and issues. For complex water problems, certainty of solutions and degree of consensus varies widely. In fact, there is often little consensus about what the problem is, let alone how to resolve it. Furthermore, complex problems are constantly changing because of interactions among the natural, societal and political forces involved. The nature of complexity is contingent on a variety of contextual characteristics of the interactions among variables, processes, actors, and institutions. Understanding interactions and feedback loops between and within human and natural systems is critical for managing complex water problems. [NP] This edited volume synthesizes insights from theory and practice to address complex water problems through contingent and adaptive management using water diplomacy framework (WDF). This emerging framework diagnoses water problems, identifies intervention points, and proposes sustainable solutions that are sensitive to diverse viewpoints and uncertainty as well as changing and competing needs. The WDF actively seeks value-creation opportunities by blending science, policy, and politics through a contingent negotiated approach.

List of Figures; List of Tables; The Blind Men, the Elephant and the Well: A Parable for Complexity and Contingency - Maimuna Majumder; Preface; Part I. Roots and Causes of Complexiety and Contingency in Water Problems; Chapter One Complexity and Contingency: Understanding and Managing Complex Water Problems - Shafiqul Islam; Chapter Two Leveraging Diplomacy for Resolving Transboundary Water Problems - Benjamin Pohl and Ashok Swain; Part II. Tools, Techniques, Models and Analyses to Resolve Complex Water Problems; Chapter Three Ten Bankruptcy Methods for Resolving Natural Resource Allocation Conflicts - Mahboubeh Zarezadeh, Ali Mirchi, Laura Read and Kaveh Madani; Chapter Four Flexible Design of Water Infrastructure Systems - Melanie Wong Turlington, Richard de Neufville and Margaret Garcia; Chapter Five Extreme Value Analysis for Modeling Nonstationary Hydrologic - ChangeArpita Mondal and P. P. Mujumdar; Chapter Six The Water– Food Nexus and Virtual Water Trade - Joel A. Carr and Paolo D’Odorico; Chapter Seven A Hybrid Analytical Approach for Modeling the Dynamics of Interactions for Complex Water Problems - Yosif Ibrahim and Shafiqul Islam; Chapter Eight A Call for Capacity Development for Improved Water Diplomacy - Dena Marshall, Léna Salamé and Aaron T. Wolf; Chapter Nine Water Complexity and Physics- Guided Data Mining - Udit Bhatia, Devashish Kumar, Evan Kodra and Auroop R. Ganguly; Part III. Case Studies; Chapter Ten The Nature of Enabling Conditions of Transboundary Water Management: Learning from the Negotiation of the Indus and Jordan Basin Treaties - Enamul Choudhury; Chapter Eleven Mediation in the Israeli– Palestinian Water Conflict: A Practitioner’s View - Patrick Huntjens; Chapter Twelve Risk Distribution and the Adoption of Flexibility: Desalination Expansion in Qatar - Abdulla AlMisnad, Richard de Neufville and Margaret Garcia; Chapter Thirteen The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam: Conflict and Water Diplomacy in the Nile Basin - Ronny Berndtsson, Kaveh Madani, Karin Aggestam and Dan- Erik Andersson; Chapter Fourteen Engaging Stakeholders for Water Diplomacy: Lessons for Integrated Water Resources Management - Bhadranie Thoradeniya and Basant Maheshwari; Chapter Fifteen Strategic Insights for California’s Delta Conflict - Mohammad R. Moazezi, Kaveh Madani and Keith W. Hipel; Notes on Contributors; Index.

Sujets

• Water supply
• Environment
• Science

Informations

• Publié par: Anthem Press
• Date de parution: 02 janvier 2017
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781783084920
• Langue: English

Extrait

Water Diplomacy in Action
ANTHEM WATER DIPLOMACY SERIES
More effective resolution of our increasingly complex, boundary-crossing water problems demands integration of scientific knowledge of water in both natural and human systems along with the politics of real-world problem solving. Water professionals struggle to translate ideas that emerge from science and technology into the messy context of the real world. We need to find more effective ways to bridge the divide between theory and practice and to resolve complex water management problems when natural, societal and political elements cross multiple sectors and interact in unpredictable ways. The Anthem Water Diplomacy Series is a step in that direction. Contributions in this series diagnose water governance and management problems, identify intervention points and possible policy changes , and propose sustainable solutions that are sensitive to diverse viewpoints as well as conflicting values, ambiguities and uncertainties.

Series Editor
Shafiqul Islam – Tufts University, USA

Editorial Board
Yaneer Bar-Yam – New England Complex Systems Institute, USA
Qingyun Duan – Beijing Normal University, China
Peter Gleick – Pacific Institute, USA
Jerson Kelman – Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Greg Koch – Global Water Stewardship, The Coca Cola Company, USA
Dennis Lettenmaier – University of Washington, USA
Patricia Mulroy – Southern Nevada Water Authority, USA
Ainun Nishat – BRAC University, Bangladesh
Stuart Orr – WWF International, Switzerland
Salman Salman – Fellow, International Water Resources Association (IWRA), France
Poh-Ling Tan – Griffith Law School, Australia
Vaughan Turekian – American Association for the Advancement of Science, USA
Anthony Turton – University of Free State, South Africa
Sergei Vinogradov – University of Dundee, UK
Patricia Wouters – University of Dundee, UK
Water Diplomacy in Action
Contingent Approaches to Managing Complex Water Problems
Edited by Shafiqul Islam and Kaveh Madani
Anthem Press
An imprint of Wimbledon Publishing Company

www.anthempress.com

This edition first published in UK and USA 2017

by ANTHEM PRESS
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or PO Box 9779, London SW19 7ZG, UK
and
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© 2017 Shafiqul Islam and Kaveh Madani editorial matter and selection; individual chapters © individual contributors

The moral right of the authors has been asserted.

All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Islam, Shafiqul, 1960– editor. | Madani, Kaveh, editor.Title: Water diplomacy in action : contingent approaches to managing complexwater problems / editors, Shafiqul Islam and Kaveh Madani.Description: London, UK; New York, NY: Anthem Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.Identifiers: LCCN 2016052841 | ISBN 9781783084906 (hardback : alk. paper)Subjects: LCSH: Water-supply–International cooperation. |Water-supply–Political aspects. | Water-supply–Government policy. |Water-supply–Management. | Water resources development.Classification: LCC TD345 .W26155 2017 | DDC 333.91–dc23LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016052841

ISBN-13: 978-1-78308-490-6 (Hbk)
ISBN-10: 1-78308-490-1 (Hbk)

ISBN-13: 978-1-78308-493-7 (Pbk)
ISBN-10: 1-78308-493-6 (Pbk)

Cover credits: “Sprout in dried cracked earth” Andrey Emelyanenko / Shutterstock.com, used under license from Shutterstock.com

“Sugar beet on agricultural field on beautiful summer day” prudkov / Shutterstock.com, used under license from Shutterstock.com

“Barcelona, May 30: Aerial view of a massive crowd at Primavera Sound 2014 Festival (PS14) on May 30, 2014 in Barcelona, Spain” Christian Bertrand / Shutterstock.com, used under license from Shutterstock.com

This title is also available as an e-book.
CONTENTS
List of Figures
List of Tables
The Blind Men, the Elephant and the Well: A Parable for Complexity and Contingency
Maimuna Majumder
Preface
Part I. ROOTS AND CAUSES OF COMPLEXITY AND CONTINGENCY IN WATER PROBLEMS Chapter One Complexity and Contingency: Understanding and Managing Complex Water Problems Shafiqul Islam Chapter Two Leveraging Diplomacy for Resolving Transboundary Water Problems Benjamin Pohl and Ashok Swain
Part II. TOOLS, TECHNIQUES, MODELS AND ANALYSES TO RESOLVE COMPLEX WATER PROBLEMS Chapter Three Ten Bankruptcy Methods for Resolving Natural Resource Allocation Conflicts Mahboubeh Zarezadeh, Ali Mirchi, Laura Read and Kaveh Madani Chapter Four Flexible Design of Water Infrastructure Systems Melanie Wong Turlington, Richard de Neufville and Margaret Garcia Chapter Five Extreme Value Analysis for Modeling Nonstationary Hydrologic Change Arpita Mondal and P. P. Mujumdar Chapter Six The Water–Food Nexus and Virtual Water Trade Joel A. Carr and Paolo D’Odorico Chapter Seven A Hybrid Analytical Approach for Modeling the Dynamics of Interactions for Complex Water Problems Yosif Ibrahim and Shafiqul Islam Chapter Eight A Call for Capacity Development for Improved Water Diplomacy Dena Marshall, Léna Salamé and Aaron T. Wolf Chapter Nine Water Complexity and Physics-Guided Data Mining Udit Bhatia, Devashish Kumar, Evan Kodra and Auroop R. Ganguly
Part III. CASE STUDIES Chapter Ten The Nature of Enabling Conditions of Transboundary Water Management: Learning from the Negotiation of the Indus and Jordan Basin Treaties Enamul Choudhury Chapter Eleven Mediation in the Israeli–Palestinian Water Conflict: A Practitioner’s View Patrick Huntjens Chapter Twelve Risk Distribution and the Adoption of Flexibility: Desalination Expansion in Qatar Abdulla AlMisnad, Richard de Neufville and Margaret Garcia Chapter Thirteen The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam: Conflict and Water Diplomacy in the Nile Basin Ronny Berndtsson, Kaveh Madani, Karin Aggestam and Dan-Erik Andersson Chapter Fourteen Engaging Stakeholders for Water Diplomacy: Lessons for Integrated Water Resources Management Bhadranie Thoradeniya and Basant Maheshwari Chapter Fifteen Strategic Insights for California’s Delta Conflict Mohammad R. Moazezi, Kaveh Madani and Keith W. Hipel
Notes on Contributors
Index
FIGURES
3.1 The Caspian Sea and its littoral countries
4.1 Ramble Morales Desalination Plant in Almería, Spain
4.2 Cost target curves for inflexible and flexible development paths
5.1 An example of characterization of extreme daily flows over two years
5.2 Schematic of design flood quantiles under (a) stationary and (b) nonstationary conditions
5.3 A typical example of transient observed annual maximum flows
5.4 (a) Location of the point 15.5N, 73.5E (b) Annual maximum daily rainfall (mm) at the point 15.5N, 73.5E
5.5 Diagnostic plots for the nonstationary GEV model for annual maximum daily rainfall at 15.5N, 73.5E
6.1 The global patterns of virtual water trade in 1986 and 2011
6.2 Recent changes in virtual water associated with global food production and trade (1986–2011)
6.3 A schematic representation of the global water cycle
6.4 Contributions to net virtual water exports from major exporters
6.5 The trade necessary to fully redress inequality between population distribution and food production
7.1 Conceptualizing the dynamic of interaction using the analogy of solar system
7.2 Numerical plot of Bessel’s Function for modeling perturbed agent behavior
7.3 Map of Indopotamia River Basin
7.4 Total system growth for different network configurations
7.5 Evolution of total system growth for different scenarios and model connectivity K
7.6 Evolution of agent-level growth as a function of system connectivity for Scenario 6
7.7 Evolution of agent-level growth with time for different initial positions
7.8 Sensitivity analyses for different agents’ behavior for different scenarios
9.1 Grand challenges in water and the physics-guided data mining framework
9.2 Physics-guided data mining for statistical downscaling
9.3 Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of precipitation extremes
9.4 Extended Bayesian scheme for uncertainty quantification in multi-modal ensembles
9.5 Climate predictions at different time scales
9.6 Changes in spatial pattern for annual mean precipitation for 2010–2039 with respect to historical climatology (1961–1990)
11.1 Shared waters of Israel and the Occupied Palestine Territories
11.2 Stakeholder consultation scheme for the Master Plan LJRB
12.1 Economies of scale for RO desalination plants
12.2 Historical data on population growth in Qatar
12.3 Timing of desalination projects in Qatar
12.4 Some possible evolutions of water demand
12.5 Present value of capital and total co