Poland

Zhingoora Books

Description

The General Knowledge book series, are designed for specific country, are one of the most admired book for the Knowledge improvement and learning purpose.This book contains an information about Background,Geography,Natural resources,Land use,Environment. Population,Sex ratio,flag of the county,Area,Border countries,Maritime claims,Elevation extremes,Land use,Natural hazards,Volcanism,Age structure,Median age,Net migration rate,Country comparison to the world,Religions,Languages,Literacy,School life expectancy ,Government,Time difference,Administrative divisions,Executive branch,Cabinet and almost everthing related with general knowledge.

Sujets

• Reference work

Informations

• Publié par: Zhimgoora Books
• Date de parution: 01 janvier 0001
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781300291695
• Langue: English

Extrait

Poland

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This edition is published by Zhingoora Books. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criti-cism or review, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers. All disputes are subject to exclusive jurisdiction of Mandsaur Courts only. For any suggestions and feedback or book on new concept/domain, please contact us at the email given below.

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9781300291695

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Poland (Europe)

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Introduction ::Poland

Background:

Poland is an ancient nation that was conceived near the middle of

the 10th century. Its golden age occurred in the 16th century.

During the following century, the strengthening of the gentry and

internal disorders weakened the nation. In a series of agreements

between 1772 and 1795, Russia, Prussia, and Austria partitioned

Poland amongst themselves. Poland regained its independence in

1918 only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in

World War II. It became a Soviet satellite state following the war,

but its government was comparatively tolerant and progressive.

Labor turmoil in 1980 led to the formation of the independent

trade union "Solidarity" that over time became a political force and

by 1990 had swept parliamentary elections and the presidency. A

"shock therapy" program during the early 1990s enabled the

country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in

Central Europe, but Poland still faces the lingering challenges of

high unemployment, underdeveloped and dilapidated

infrastructure, and a poor rural underclass. Solidarity suffered a

major defeat in the 2001 parliamentary elections when it failed to

elect a single deputy to the lower house of Parliament, and the new

leaders of the Solidarity Trade Union subsequently pledged to

reduce the Trade Union's political role. Poland joined NATO in

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1999 and the European Union in 2004. With its transformation to

a democratic, market-oriented country largely completed, Poland is

an increasingly active member of Euro-Atlantic organizations.

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Geography ::Poland

Location: Central Europe, east of Germany

Geographic coordinates: 52 00 N, 20 00 E

Map references: Europe

Area:

Total: 312,685 sq km

Country comparison to the world: 69

Land: 304,255 sq km

Water: 8,430 sq km

Area - comparative: Slightly smaller than New Mexico

Land boundaries:

Total: 3,047 km

Border countries: Belarus 605 km, Czech Republic 615 km,

Germany 456 km, Lithuania 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast)

432 km, Slovakia 420 km, Ukraine 428 km

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Coastline: 440 km

Maritime claims:

Territorial sea: 12 nm

Exclusive economic zone: Defined by international treaties

Climate: Temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters

with frequent precipitation; mild summers with frequent showers

and thundershowers

Terrain: Mostly flat plain; mountains along southern border

Elevation extremes:

Lowest point: Near Raczki Elblaskie -2 m

Highest point: Rysy 2,499 m

Natural resources: Coal, sulfur, copper, natural gas, silver, lead, salt,

amber, arable land

Land use:

Arable land: 40.25%

Permanent crops: 1%

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Other: 58.75% (2005)

Irrigated land: 1,000 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources: 63.1 cu km (2005)

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

Total: 11.73 cu km/yr (13%/79%/8%)

Per capita: 304 cu m/yr (2002)

Natural hazards: flooding

Environment - current issues: Situation has improved since 1989

due to decline in heavy industry and increased environmental

concern by post-Communist governments; air pollution

nonetheless remains serious because of sulfur dioxide emissions

from coal-fired power plants, and the resulting acid rain has

caused forest damage; water pollution from industrial and

municipal sources is also a problem, as is disposal of hazardous

wastes; pollution levels should continue to decrease as industrial

establishments bring their facilities up to EU code, but at substantial

cost to business and the government

Environment - international agreements:

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Party to: Air Pollution, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol,

Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic

Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto

Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental

Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea,

Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air

Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94

Geography - note: Historically, an area of conflict because of flat

terrain and the lack of natural barriers on the North European Plain

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People ::Poland

Population: 38,463,689 (July 2010 est.)

Country comparison to the world: 34

Age structure:

0-14 years: 15% (male 2,964,995/female 2,802,278)

15-64 years: 71.6% (male 13,713,078/female 13,845,251)

65 years and over: 13.4% (male 1,966,406/female 3,190,911)

(2010 est.)

Median age:

Total: 38.2 years

Male: 36.5 years

Female: 40 years (2010 est.)

Population growth rate: -0.053% (2010 est.)

Country comparison to the world: 203

Birth rate: 10.04 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

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