Afghanistan

Description

Afghanistan offers complete coverage of this fascinating country, including sections on history, geography, wildlife, infrastructure and government, and culture. It also includes a detailed fact file, maps and charts, and a traceable flag.

Sujets

• Afganistán
• Afghanistan

Informations

• Publié par: Capstone Global Library
• Date de parution: 05 juillet 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781406233476
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

Countries Around the World Afghanistan

Jovanka JoAnn Milivojevic

Raintree is an imprint of Capstone Global Library Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales having its registered office at 7 Pilgrim Street, London, EC4V 6LB – Registered company number: 6695582

Text © Capstone Global Library Limited 2012 First published in hardback in 2012 The moral rights of the proprietor have been asserted.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner, except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (www. cla.co.uk). Applications for the copyright owner’s written permission should be addressed to the publisher.

Edited by Louise Galpine Designed by Richard Parker Original illustrations © Capstone Global Library 2011 Illustrated by Oxford Designers and Illustrators Picture research by Mica Brancic Originated by Capstone Global Library Ltd. Printed in China by CTPS

ISBN 978 1 406 22778 9 (hardback) 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Milivojevic, Jovanka JoAnn Afghanistan. – (Countries around the world) 958.1'1047-dc22 A full catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Acknowledgements We would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce photographs: Alamy pp. 18 (© Ulrich Doering), 27 (© Danita Delimont/Phil Borges), 30 (© Picture Contact BV/Ton Koene); AP/Press Association Images pp. 11 top (Haider Shah), 32 (Farzana Wahidy), 11 bottom; Corbis pp. 7 (© Diego Azubel/epa), 9 (© Bettmann), 14 (© STR/epa), 29 (© Ahmad Masood/X01429/Reuters), 31 (© David Lees); Getty Images pp. 12 (Flickr/© 2008 Luka Baljkas), 16 (AFP Photo/ SHAH Marai), 19, 22, 28 (AFP Photo/Marai Shah), 23 (AFP Photo/Massoud Hossaini), 33 (AFP Photo/Romeo Gacad), 35 (Bloomberg/Adam Dean); iStockphoto p. 15 (© Sun Chan); PA Archive/Press Association Images p. 21; Shutterstock pp. 5 (© Nikm), 13 (© Jon Buder), 20 (© Savenkov), 25 (© Lizette Potgieter), 39 (© Dana Ward), 46 (© Jamaican).

Cover photograph of man walking down mountain road, between Herat and Maimana, after Subzak Pass, Afghanistan, Asia, reproduced with permission of Photolibrary (Robert Harding Travel/Jane Sweeney).

We would like to thank Steve Wright for his invaluable help in the preparation of this book.

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders of any material reproduced in this book. Any omissions will be rectified in subsequent printings if notice is given to the publisher.

Disclaimer All the Internet addresses (URLs) given in this book were valid at the time of going to press. However, due to the dynamic nature of the Internet, some addresses may have changed, or sites may have changed or ceased to exist since publication. While the author and publisher regret any inconvenience this may cause readers, no responsibility for any such changes can be accepted by either the author or the publisher.

Contents

Introducing Afghanistan ......................................................................... 4 History: looking back ................................................................................ 6 Regions and resources: land of contrasts ........................................12 Wildlife: issues and challenges ............................................................18 Infrastructure: making It work .............................................................22 Culture: religion, art, and fun ...............................................................28 Afghanistan today....................................................................................34 Factfile.........................................................................................................36 Timeline .......................................................................................................40 Glossary .......................................................................................................42 Findoutmore............................................................................................44 Topic tools...................................................................................................46 Index .............................................................................................................48

Some words are printed in bold,like this. You can înd out what they mean by looking in the glossary.

4

Introducing Afghanistan

Afghanistan's population is made up of many ethnic groups.

Pashtun Tajik Hazara Uzbek Aimak Turkmen Baloch Other

Afghanistan has often been in the news in recent years. You’ve probably seen images of men, women, and children in war-ravaged sites, surrounded by soldiers. Whether they live in big cities or dusty villages, many people in Afghanistan have experienced the horror of war.

9%

9%

4% 2% 3% 4%

42%

Afghanistan is located in Asia, just north of Pakistan. Its landscape ranges from rugged mountains to deserts. In the cities, most people live in small apartments, but in the country, houses can be basic mud huts.

Regions and religion Generally, Afghan people tend to 27% live within their ownethnicgroup. Many villages are organized by these relationships. For example, most Pashtuns live in the south and east, while the Hazara people live in the central portion of the country.

Most Afghans areMuslims, people who follow the religion Islam. The rules of Islam say that Muslims should dress modestly, so Afghans wear loose fitting clothing. For formal events, boys and girls may dress in more traditional outfits, such as theshalwarandkameez, which are a long tunic and loose trousers.

Daily life In Afghanistan, there are regional differences in theturbansand hats men wear. Men in one region wrap the turban differently from men in another region. Each style reflects their ethnic group and where they live. In some areas, men, such as President Hamid Karzai, wear woollen caps instead of turbans.