A Comparative Study Guide Spanish to English to Italian

Robert D. O'Brian

Description

The Comparative Vocabulary Study Guide, Spanish to English to Italian, highlights over 7,000 selected Spanish words that have either the same spelling and meaning as their English and Italian counterparts or contain easily recognizable English and Italian meanings.

This guide jump-starts the student into a knowledge of Spanish or English or Italian, or all three, by concentrating on easily recognizable words common to these languages. It teaches a basic vocabulary by word association.

This guide is designed after the "vocabulary first" method of language instruction as advocated by the author. The student then is taught how to structure a particular vocabulary into meaningful sentences and concepts.

Sujets

• Disciplines
• Language Arts
• Linguistics

Informations

• Publié par: eBookIt.com
• Date de parution: 20 juin 2014
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9781939748669
• Langue: English

Extrait

A Comparative
Vocabulary Study Guide
Spanish to English to Italian
 
Una Guía de Estudios Comparativa del Vocabulario
Español, Inglés e Italiano
 
 
Highlighting over 7,000 selected Spanish words that have
either the same spelling and meaning as their English
and Italian language counterparts or contain easily
recognizable English and Italian meanings.
 
 
Destacando más de 7,000 palabras seleccionadas en
Español que tienen, ya sea la misma ortografía y
significado que su contraparte en Inglés e Italiano
fácilmente reconocibles.
 
 
Con oltre 7,000 parole selezionate in Spagnolo
che hanno o la stessa ortografia e significato
come la sua controparte in Inglese e
in Italiano facilmente riconoscibile.
 
 
Robert D. O’Brian
Melbourne, Florida
2014
 
 
 
Copyright © 2014 by Robert D. O’Brian
 
FIRST Edition
 
Published in eBook format by Certa Publishing
Converted by http://www.eBookIt.com
 
ISBN - 13: 978-1-939748-66-9
 
Published by
Certa Publishing
P.O. Box 2839
Apopka, FL 32704
 
 
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means including information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the author. The only exception is by a reviewer, who may quote short excerpts in a review.
 
The contents of this work including, but not limited to, the accuracy of events, people, and places depicted; opinions expressed; permission to use previously published materials included; and any advice given or actions advocated are solely the responsibility of the author, who assumes all liability for said work and indemnifies the publisher against any claims stemming from publication of the work.

 
 
 
To
Jim and Angela Mendola
 
 
With special thanks to Mechel Pavlishin and
Maria Cristina Campos
Introduction
This guide is alphabetical, A through Z, with each letter comprising a separate listing, further divided into three sections: words that are interchangeable among the three languages; nouns, adjectives and adverbs that contain easily recognizable and equivalent meanings; and, verbs with easily recognizable and equivalent meanings.
 
Spanish is the language base for this guide. The Spanish listings are followed by their English definitions which include all relevant English meanings. The Italian is then matched to the Spanish listings and their English definitions, for example:
 
 
The Spanish word > JUSTICIA , justice, equity, fairness
^
The English definition
 
The Italian word > GIUSTIZIA
 
 
This guide’s primary purpose is to provide English speaking students of Spanish and Italian with a quick and resourceful vocabulary base. Conversely, the guide’s design will introduce Spanish and Italian speaking students to the English or the Spanish or the Italian vocabulary.
 
Not all possible words that fit this guide’s purpose are listed. Only the most obvious and useful words were selected. The student is given space in the guide to augment the listings with additional words of particular interest, making this guide a personal workbook.
 
All Spanish words are given the general or specific meanings of Spanish currently spoken in Argentina. The Italian is that which is currently spoken in Italy.
 
Spanish is the language to which the English definitions and the equivalent Italian are compared.
 
Following are pronunciation guides for Spanish, English and Italian.

Spanish Pronunciation Guide fo English speakers
 
The vowels a , e , and o are "strong" vowels, i and u are "weak". When two vowels fall together the following applies: if the word has an accent mark, then that syllable is stressed ( c ó ncavo, enfermer í a) ; a weak + strong combination belongs to one syllable with the stress falling on the strong vowel ( c a uto, cali e nte) ; a weak + weak combination belongs to one syllable with the stress falling on the second vowel ( constr u ir, cu i dado ); and, a strong + strong combination is divided into two syllables.( aca-rre- ar , co- rre -a )
A : as the a in f a ther
B,v : when found at the beginning of a word or following a consonant, these are pronounced as a b . Otherwise, they have a sound which falls somewhere between the English b and v sounds.
C : before a consonant or a , o , or u , as the c in c at ; before e or i as an s
CH : as the ch in ch ur ch
D : as the English d except between vowels and following l or n where it is pronounced as the th in th is
E : for a syllable ending in a vowel, as the e in th e y ; for a syllable ending in a consonant, as the e in g e t
F : as the f in f or
G : before e or i , as the Spanish j ; otherwise as the g in g et
H : silent
I : as i in mach i ne
J : as an h but stronger; silent when at the end of a word
K : as the k in k ilo
L : as an l in l ee
LL : as the y in y ou . However, in Argentina it is pronounced as sh in sh oe
M : as an m in m other
N : as an n ; except where it appears before a v , as an m
Ñ : as the n in o n ion
O : for a syllable ending in a vowel, as the o in v o te ; for a syllable ending in a consonant, as the o in p o t
P : as a p in p ot
Q : as a k ; always followed by a silent u
R : pronounced with a strong trill at the beginning of a word and following an l , n , or s ; very little trill when at the end of a word; and medium trill in other positions
RR : strongly trilled
S : before consonants b , d , g , l , m , n , as a z ; otherwise as an s
T : as a t
U : as the u in r u le ; silent after q and in the groups gue and gui
V : see b , v
W : usually pronounced as a v
X : when between vowels, as the x in bo x ; before a consonant, as an s
Y : when used as a vowel, such as in the words y and voy , it is pronounced as the Spanish i . As a consonant it is pronounced as Y in y es
Z : as an s

English Pronunciation Guide for Spanish speakers
Algunas letras en Inglés tienen varias formas de pronunciación. Los sonidos proporcionados en Español son sólo una aproximación.
 
Letra en Inglés - Sonido aproximado - Ejemplo
A = a como en a rco - c a r
e como e co - m a ny
(antes de consonante + e final) - ei como en p ei ne - f a te
(entre consonantes) - ai como ei en p ei ne - r ai n
au similar a la a de b a ta - c au se
 
B = como en b om b a - b oy
 
C = (antes de a, o, u ) - como en c ama - c at
(antes de e, i ) - como en c ena - c ereal
ch como en ch eque - ch eck
 
D = como en d oble - D avid
dge como en y a - knowle dge
 
E = entre “a” y “e” - th a nks
e como en e star - l e t
i como en c i nco - h e , b e
(final de monosílabo) - iu como en d iu rno - n ew , f ew
(final de la palabra) - (muda) - fin e , liv e
(antes de t, d ) - ea como i en r i val - r ea d, ea t
ea como ei en r ey- gr ea t
ea como e en e rror - sw ea ter
(después de consonante) - ee como i en k i lo - b ee , s ee
ei como i en n i do - n ei ther
ei como ei en p ei ne - ei ght
 
F = como en f allo - f ace
 
G = (antes de a, o, u ) - como en g ato - g ame
(antes de e, i ) - entre “ ch ” y “ y ” - George
(al final de palabra) - gh se pronuncia f como en f aro – lau gh
gh (es muda) - gh ost
 
H = (como en j suave) - g ente, j aula - h ome
 
I = i (pero más relajada) - s i ster
(final de la sílaba) - ai como en v ai na - h i
i como en n i ño - mar i ne
ie como i en n i do - f ie ld
ie como en ai en v ai na - p ie
 
J = como en y a (entre “ ch ” y “ y ”) - j aguar
 
K = (antes de n ) - como en c ama - k eep
(es muda) - k nown
 
L = como en l imón - l imb
ll como “ l ” en catá l ogo - vi ll a
 
M = como en m adre - m ail
 
N = como en n ada - n ever
 
O = (entre consonantes) - a como en h a bl a - n o t
(después de d, t ) - u como en u so - t o , d o
au como en L au ra - h o w
(final de la palabra) - o alargada “ ou ” - hell o
(entre consonante y t final) - oa como o ( pero más alargada) - c oa t
oo como en u en p u lso - f oo d
oo como en u en p u lso (pero más relajada) – g oo d
ou como en u en p u lso – y ou
ou como au en L au ra – r ou nd
ou como en a (pero más relajada) - t ou gh
 
P = como en p obre - sto p
ph como f en f oca - tele ph one
 
Q = qu como en cu al - qu ack
 
R = como en ra r o - r ace
 
S = (principio o final de sílaba) - como en s iempre - s ame
(entre vocales) - como en z umbido - ro s e
(antes de ure ) - ¡ sh hh! - s ure
sh como en ¡ sh hh! - sh oes
 
T = (principio o final de sílaba) - como en t area - t op, correc t
(antes de ion ) - ¡ sh hh! - condi t ion
(antes de ure ) - como en mu ch o - na t ure
(en verbos, sustantivos, etc.) - th como z en z apato - th anks
(en artículos como la, pronombres, etc.) - th como d en la d - th e
 
U = (antes de consonante + e final) - iu como en d iu rno - exc u se
u como en p u lso (más relajada) - p u t
u como en p u lso - attit u de
a (más relajada) - u nder
 
V = como en v ino - v alet
 
W = como en hu evo - w eapon
(antes de o ) - wh como j en j ugo - wh o
(antes de a, i, e ) - wh como w en w hiskey - wh ite, wh ere
 
X = (al principio de palabra) - z como en z inc - x ylophone
( cuando va entre vocales) - se pronuncia gs - e x empt
(en los demás casos) - como en e x acto - bo x
 
Y = (final de palabra después de consonante) - ai como en v ai na - m y, b y
(principio de la palabra) - como en y a (muy suave) - y ellow
 
Z = como en z umbido - z oo
 
 
Italian Pronunciation Guide
 
The base alphabet consists of 21 letters and five vowels (A, E, I, O, U) and 16 consonants. Letters J, K, W, X and Y are not part of the proper alphabet, and are used only for loanwords and foreign names.
Italian has just 7 vowel sounds. When two or more vowels occur in a row, they are always pronounced separately, as in Australia (a-u-stra-li-a).
Most consonants are pronounced as in English, except: C, G, H, R, S, and Z.
 
 
A : long like a in f a ther